𝕿𝖊𝖈𝖍𝖗𝖎𝖌𝖍𝖙𝖘 Bulletin for Monday, August 14, 2023 ┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅ Generated Tue 15 Aug 02:42:37 BST 2023 Created by Dr. Roy Schestowitz (𝚛𝚘𝚢 (at) 𝚜𝚌𝚑𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚘𝚠𝚒𝚝𝚣 (dot) 𝚌𝚘𝚖) Full hyperlinks for navigation omitted but are fully available in the originals The corresponding HTML versions are at 𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈 Latest in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕 and older bulletins can be found at 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕-𝒂𝒓𝒄𝒉𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒔 Full IPFS index in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔 and as plain text in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔/𝒕𝒙𝒕 Gemini index for the day: gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2023/08/14/ ╒═══════════════════ 𝐑𝐄𝐂𝐄𝐍𝐓 𝐁𝐔𝐋𝐋𝐄𝐓𝐈𝐍𝐒 ════════════════════════════════════╕ Previous bulletins in IPFS (past 21 days, in chronological order): Qmbd6NSmac4tnVN29mZPRuPEMqfLuCqrSWtr7h11Sr4yZV QmeF5twvgzsyE9YptKQ4BCvd9PhGX4pH96vDvGxg1Xqbqb QmYfTomUhDqyRvYTU58bdbw2GSc1GR8WZYP782k6X1swT9 QmegDwUnvgnwipCDf5XAG7f4WpM7tz9ZGEZmfFHumn998K QmcF86aU48wkENPcvkMG3Uvpdn2Zh3Ww591VESr7YyFB1z QmcKPHU5NdTy1sxr6zGBobDe7GDZ5panELSpSzmu2S8xvU QmWef8vtcFeiv9B2BmB2WtBwMqLq2kDfzWm5aQkKdgkCHW QmSERS83Ghpc2tvtjtSx1QuX63sSxDgJ4UDR3Xx4DCBamw QmUE5jyXyq8QeUTZvMZG2nE2AuQzLwVopuJsLSXE8fWgpy Qmf3QVyPA8xsQqXgQeE5Tw2LE7vuKa1Y9spx36dsNNUSsB QmTcZH4zeE6SzC8S3Sqgx1X7NFfYGP2vprisQByQEW5nbx QmeHyPcfAoVduU1xVyTC25qhvMBYeDVfT7bjjzZhGC7E3k QmfXKhYcGYHZGufpdVU71ZTTo1cCovxR9GpF1HuxR4f1VH QmdoTZo8Mevtx6RZCctMfwQ2Y4ffZS4ZQ6SjUZEWNm5pRa QmZ8HUFLDLxvBHLKutyBuQ6a4TTR6hb3ZAFg3gf5MsGv4Z QmdW1PZqQK5LjoM41V2gKL2KqnHaEqwHdd4G1YYxa7JTEz QmYYePurSm8yAKEwRv17i1k4Q7ju7m4SQByFQcLC8HtY7x QmaRubG8aC9J2F4D9dmkGvjTspm5HdnsTMqDuVHGcPc8k5 QmQRTBqrhT8MUXdVEwJShtA9dbvEtZNFjWkf2QjuuactPS QmRvPmuQj51W76zvbu8EJVsufNdff2k6sLwDW4kU1Umw72 QmVsL5SjB4i4sLymC3HBZkhwBhNY5MXy27LZs9QBCDgtZo ╒═══════════════════ 𝐈𝐍𝐃𝐄𝐗 ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⦿ I Found a Two Year Old BtrFS Programs Bug in openSUSE; Still Better Than Fedora/RHEL | Techrights ⦿ Corporations Decide What You Can and Cannot Say (or Who’s Permitted to Even Speak) | Techrights ⦿ [Meme] The Computer Generated Hype (So-called G.A.I.) is Dying Away | Techrights ⦿ McDonalds Visit Disaster, Courtesy of IBM and Apps | Techrights ⦿ [Meme] Obey Your Master, Obey IBM | Techrights ⦿ Mullvad VPN Does Work on openSUSE; General Thoughts on openSUSE Leap 15.5. Bonus: Hopefully the Last Rants About IBM, Red Hat, Fedora. | Techrights ⦿ The World Wide Web Crisis | Techrights ⦿ Windows Overthrown in Niger, Down to 8% market Share (It Used to be 99%) | Techrights ䷼ Bulletin articles (as HTML) to comment on (requires login): http://techrights.org/2023/08/14/btrfs-programs-bug-in-opensuse/#comments http://techrights.org/2023/08/14/code-of-censorship/#comments http://techrights.org/2023/08/14/generative-ai-passing-fad/#comments http://techrights.org/2023/08/14/ibm-and-apps/#comments http://techrights.org/2023/08/14/obey-ibm/#comments http://techrights.org/2023/08/14/opensuse-and-more/#comments http://techrights.org/2023/08/14/the-world-wide-web-crisis/#comments http://techrights.org/2023/08/14/windows-overthrown-in-niger/#comments ䷞ Followed by Daily Links (assorted news picks curated and categorised): http://techrights.org/2023/08/14/digital-detox/#comments http://techrights.org/2023/08/14/ipfire-release/#comments http://techrights.org/2023/08/14/morphos-is-gorgeous/#comments http://techrights.org/2023/08/14/mx-linux-reviewed/#comments ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 71 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2023/08/14/btrfs-programs-bug-in-opensuse/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2023/08/14/btrfs-programs-bug-in-opensuse/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.14.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ I_Found_a_Two_Year_Old_BtrFS_Programs_Bug_in_openSUSE;_Still_Better_Than Fedora/RHEL⠀✐ Posted in GNU/Linux, IBM, OpenSUSE, Red_Hat at 7:27 pm by Guest Editorial Team Reprinted with permission from Ryan_Farmer S o far the worst thing I have to say about openSUSE Leap is that I found a bug in btrfsprogs. When I told it to defrag and compress, I assumed it would use what the /etc/ stab was set to and give me ZStandard compression. I was wrong. The kernel had already started compressing some files and so part of them are in ZStd and some in zlib (DEFLATE). No problem. Just redo btrfs filesystem defragment with -czstd and / and nope. Error that Zstd is not a recognized compression format. What? I tracked it down to an issue with openSUSE Leap’s version of btrfsprogs which is frozen on a version that had a regression and has not been fixed. I could start jamming in updates to btrfsprogs and call it solved or I could just have it recompress as lzo for now. Fortunately, this was the worst issue I’ve encountered so far. I quickly ruled out openSUSE Tumbleweed after hearing stories like I woke up a laptop that hadn’t been updated in a few months and updated it all and it broke. Rolling releases need a lot of administrative attention and that’s a cognitive load that I was just sick and damn tired of with Fedora, which isn’t even a full rolling distribution (things like glibc and the desktops still follow a major version). The kid in you wants rolling release froot loops but the adult in you wants boring fiber cereal. Like RHEL, the kernel stuff from SLE/D is kept back and SUSE backports hardware enablement and features and bug fixes selectively. But with openSUSE Leap, you can see the source code without the company threatening that there will be “consequences” for you, even though the GPL doesn’t allow these “consequences”. So instead of a drama bomb sometimes when you update a Fedora kernel and get an error mounting the file system or Intel fuckery about turning off your graphics card for an entire release series before turning it back on months later and declaring that they gave up trying to fix a security issue in the driver, which is exposed to the Web platform thanks to Mozilla and Google, things kind of tend to stay working. Unless you have a very new laptop and need a certain distribution that just brought it all in because they never support their releases very long, there’s basically no reason to mess with the “fuck around and find out” nature of installing Fedora and their broken updates. That’s why I gave up on Debian 11 and moved over in the first place. My graphics acceleration was just doing odd things in my games and I figured I’d roll with the punches for a while and never moved distributions again until now. Fedora is in a retrograde state at this point. Things break randomly and don’t get much or any attention even on very common hardware “It_Must_Be_My_Huge_CoC”. Another Fedora Rant. (Sorry.) Roy and I were talking last night about the Fedora developers that have given up and threw their hands in the air and left or got banned for “CoC” despite doing exceptional work for Red Hat, unpaid work, for many years. My CoC complaint against IBM/Red Hat Fedora’s IRC Moderator, Walter Francis, was acted on, kind of, by “jflory7”. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇jflory7_CoC⦈_ In TechRights IRC, Roy Schestowitz commented. [8/14/23 14:09] DaemonFC: do you know jflory? [8/14/23 14:09] justin [8/14/23 14:09] he prosted how ICBM banned an Iranian who had contributed to Fedora [8/14/23 14:09] just because of natiionality [8/14/23 14:10] i think jflory is with UNESCO now [8/14/23 14:11] https://www.reddit.com/r/Fedora/comments/6ygtb3/ why_i_have_deleted_fedora_and_wont_recommend_it/ [8/14/23 14:11] [Notice] -TechrightsBot-tr to #techrights- Reddit – Dive into anything [8/14/23 14:11] “ [8/14/23 14:11] *Fedora is always free for anyone to use, modify, and distribute. It is built and used by people across the globe who work together as a community: the Fedora Project. * [8/14/23 14:11] “ [8/14/23 14:11] ” From Fedora Export Control Product Matrix we can conclude that people that happen to be born and live in Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Sudan, Syria, and the Crimea Region of Ukraine are not part of the global community. I smell US politics here. It’s a shame, Fedora “ [8/14/23 14:11] 6 years ago [8/14/23 14:12] years later: [8/14/23 14:12] https://ahmadhaghighi.com/blog/2021/us-restricted- free-software/ [8/14/23 14:12] [Notice] -TechrightsBot-tr to #techrights- ahmadhaghighi.com | Free Software NOT as in free speech, NOR as in free beer [8/14/23 14:12] “On 13th Jul 2021, I’ve been removed from Fedora Project with no prior notice because of this” [8/14/23 14:12] “I don’t have any access to my Email (haghighi@fedoraproject.org) and my other FP resources (e.g., Fedora Ambassadors, Fedora People space, Git repo, etc.). My account was completely removed from Ask Fedora (I was an admin). All my posts in Ask Fedora (including the Welcome page for the Farsi section) were removed, and…” [8/14/23 14:12] “My Fedora Project Wiki page User:Haghighi has been deleted on 2 September 2021. ‘ -Techrights IRC Log So jflory bans people because of their nationality and then deletes them from the Fedora project. Nice. So much for not discriminating due to national origin, I guess. IBMs lawyers buzz around and exclude tens of MILLIONS of people from Fedora, due to where they were born, and then says it’s “Free Software”. Roy also mentioned: [8/14/23 13:51] jflory will cover up for him [Walter Francis/ Khaytsus] [8/14/23 13:51] for sure [8/14/23 13:52] they are the same “clique” [8/14/23 13:52] like family [8/14/23 13:52] you are always wrong [8/14/23 13:52] by default [8/14/23 13:52] presumed guilty [8/14/23 13:52] at best he might apologise and remove the ban [8/14/23 13:52] but needs to grow a pair and swallow his pride -Techrights IRC Log Needless to say, I doubt they’ll take action against their toxic individual. Perhaps more disturbingly, Khaytsus is also a moderator in the IRC channel #linux on Libera Chat. I think one time he k-lined me just for saying Windows was garbage and asking when #linux became the ##windows channel in a one liner. ## means that the channel is not about Free Software, but like Reddit, someone always derails the #linux channel to talk about Microsoft Java Subsystem For Windows, errr, I mean Windows Subsystem For Linux, of course. Like Microsoft Java, Microsoft is “extending” the “Linux Subsystem” so the applications you build for it wouldn’t even run on a real Linux system anymore. It’s a trap! Another Big IBM/Red Hat/Fedora Rant. (Sorry.) The carnage also affects Red Hat employees. IBM is putting Red Hat through attrition seeing just how cheaply they can run it and have something calling itself RHEL. Like Canonical, they barely pitch it as a bare metal solution anymore. They encourage their customers to put it in Microsoft Azure, where banks and governments go to get security_breaches_that_Microsoft_doesn’t_even_do_anything about. “Last week, Senator Ron Wyden sent a letter to the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA), the Department of Justice and the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) asking that they hold Microsoft accountable for a repeated pattern of negligent cybersecurity practices, which has enabled Chinese espionage against the United States government. According to data from Google Project Zero, Microsoft products have accounted for an aggregate of 42.5% of all zero-days discovered since 2014. Microsoft’s lack of transparency applies to breaches, irresponsible security practices and vulnerabilities, all of which expose their customers to risks they are deliberately kept in the dark about. In March 2023, a member of Tenable’s Research team was investigating Microsoft’s Azure platform and related services. The researcher discovered an issue which would enable an unauthenticated attacker to access cross-tenant applications and sensitive data, such as authentication secrets. To give you an idea of how bad this is, our team very quickly discovered authentication secrets to a bank. They were so concerned about the seriousness and the ethics of the issue that we immediately notified Microsoft. Did Microsoft quickly fix the issue that could effectively lead to the breach of multiple customers’ networks and services? Of course not. They took more than 90 days to implement a partial fix – and only for new applications loaded in the service. That means that as of today, the bank I referenced above is still vulnerable, more than 120 days since we reported the issue, as are all of the other organizations that had launched the service prior to the fix. And, to the best of our knowledge, they still have no idea they are at risk and therefore can’t make an informed decision about compensating controls and other risk-mitigating actions. Microsoft claims that they will fix the issue by the end of September, four months after we notified them. That’s grossly irresponsible, if not blatantly negligent. We know about the issue, Microsoft knows about the issue, and hopefully, threat actors don’t. -Tenable CEO, Amit Yoran When a “Linux” company, like IBM, pretty much stops talking about how good their product is, and starts recommending you shovel it into a pile of shit that leaks people’s Social Security numbers and banking information, from Microsoft, and think of it like a compatibility layer, as IBM and Canonical have, then you can consider the project pretty much on death’s doorstep. To quote Walter Francis, I think “something slid off [their] cracker”. First systemd, then XFS and Stratis, now Microsoft Azure promotion. █ ⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾ ⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⣿⣿⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣹⣉⢉⣉⣉⣉⣍⣉⣉⣹⣉⢉⣉⣉⢩⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⣿⣿⣋⣉⣉⣩⣏⣩⣉⣉⣉⣉⣍⣉⣉⣏⣉⣉⣉⣩⣩⣉⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣴⣾⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣇⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀ ⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣬⣧⣤⣤⣤⣔⣡⣤⣼⣤⣴⣂⣤⣤⣼⣤⣄⣤⣴⣬⣦⣤⣬⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣸⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣴⣤⣤⣤⣤⣦⣤⣤⣤⣴⣤⣠⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣷⣴⣥⣦⣬⣶⣼⣴⣿⣷⣤⣦⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⡿⠿⡿⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠿⠿⠻⠻⡿⠻⠻⠿⢿⣻⠿⠿⠿⠟⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠻⠿⠟⡟⠿⠿⣿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠟⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡶⣾⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⠶⢷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⣶⡶⡶⡷⣶⠶⣷⣶⣶⢶⡶⣾⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⡶⡶⣷⣶⣾⣶⢶⣶⣦⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⢶⣶⡶⡦⢷⣶⣶⡿⢶⣶⠷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⠶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣤⣤⣧⣬⣶⣬⣤⣧⣮⣤⢧⣤⡤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣧⣤⣤⣬⣷⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⢽⣴⡤⣤⣥⡦⣤⣤⣬⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣴⣤⣤⣤⣦⣤⣧⣤⣤⣿⣧⣤⡼⣤⣤⣼⡧⡮⣤⣦⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⣥⣧⣤⣤⣠⣤⣥⣦⣤⣤⣤⣼⣤⣤⣤⣦⣤⣇⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣤⣤⣧⣄⣠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣧⣥⣤⣽⣦⣠⣤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣤⣥⣤⣤⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢇ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 364 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2023/08/14/code-of-censorship/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2023/08/14/code-of-censorship/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.14.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Corporations_Decide_What_You_Can_and_Cannot_Say_(or_Who’s_Permitted_to_Even Speak)⠀✐ Posted in Deception, GNU/Linux, IBM, Red_Hat at 7:05 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Video_download_link | md5sum d3c91775b756e7c50e675eee0e5f03f6 Centralisation as Threat to Free Speech Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivative Works 4.0 http://techrights.org/videos/centralised-blacklists-and-coc.webm Summary: Flawed topologies on the Net, combined with a Code_of_Conduct that’s enforced by the powerful against the powerless, have turned into a toxic mechanism of social control THE loss of freedom of expression is a universal problem, which goes beyond the Web and the Internet. But in the digital realm there is an even worse effect if few companies or people are applying_bans_universally/globally/across_networks. “Fedora is discussed as an example because IBM is increasingly controlling speech and silencing communities.”As Ryan has just explained (in an article we’ll repost later), it’s possible to lose the ability to speak or to be heard just because of one vengeful person. There’s no due process or access to justice. The bottom line is, centralised or very large networks are a threat. Therein, the “thought police” can flourish and have wide-ranging scope. Fedora is discussed as an example because IBM is increasingly controlling speech and silencing communities. █ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 416 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2023/08/14/generative-ai-passing-fad/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2023/08/14/generative-ai-passing-fad/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.14.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ [Meme]_The_Computer_Generated_Hype_(So-called_G.A.I.)_is_Dying_Away⠀✐ Posted in Deception, Marketing at 8:41 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇This_was_supposed_to_be_the_year_of_'AI'⦈_ Summary: It’s easy to notice (for those who pay closer attention) that the media’s fascination with chatbots and all sorts of plagiarism engines has died down ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣛⣛⣉⣭⣭⣭⣴⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠛⠋⠛⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⣀⣤⣶⣶⣶⣦⣄⠀⠈⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠱⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠟⠛⠛⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠛⠛⠙⠉⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠛⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣤⣴⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⢿⡿⢫⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠉⠉⠀⣾⡓⠀⠀⠹⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣗⣵⠆⠀⢄⡴⣄⣄⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢛⡀⢀⠹⣿⣶⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⣼⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣁⣒⠛⠓⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡐⠲⠀⠩⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⡏⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠷⠂⡠⠊⢿⣿⡿⢿⠻⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡁⠀⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠚⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠿⡿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠈⠸⠯⠹⡻⣨⣥⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣾⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣩ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣠⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠟⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢣⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⣿⠋⣿⣆⠉⠰⣶⡶⣶⣶⡆⣶⢠⡶⣦⠀⣶⢰⡆⣶⢰⣶⡄⣶⣶⠀⢙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢡⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⢿⣏⢿⠷⡈⠁⠀⠀⣿⡇⣿⣿⡇⣿⢈⡻⣦⠀⢻⣾⣿⣿⣸⣿⡇⣙⢷⡄⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⢿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣳⣿⣿⣿⣯ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠁⠀⠈⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠉⠉⠁⠉⠈⠉⠉⠀⠈⠉⠈⠁⠉⠈⠁⠉⠋⠀⠀⠉⠈⠉⠉⠙⠙⠛⠋⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⢷⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢣⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡛⢸⡇⣿⢸⣟⡇⣿⣻⣶⡏⣿⢸⣟⠃⣿⣛⢻⣿⣇⠀⢻⡟⢸⡏⣷⠀⣿⣿⡇⣿⣛⠀⢻⡟⢻⣇⣿⢸⣟⠀⢸⣿⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡁⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⠀⣾⣿⠼⣇⣿⢸⡏⠁⣿⠉⠸⣇⣿⢰⣟⡷⣿⣍⣼⣿⡟⠀⢸⡇⢸⣇⡿⠀⣿⣿⡇⣿⣍⠀⢸⡇⢸⡏⣿⢸⣏⡀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣯⣯⣿⣿⣿⣧⠸⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠴⠛⠛⠛⠟⠛⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⡿⣫⣾⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣤⣤⣴⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣶⡆⣶⡆⣶⣶⠶⠀⣶⣶⣦⠀⣶⡶⣶⣆⠀⠀⣴⡿⣿⣦⢰⣶⡶⠆⠀⢶⡆⢰⣶⣶⠀⢰⣶⢰⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠍⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣤⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⢸⣷⣿⠁⣿⣿⣤⢠⣿⢿⣿⠀⣿⣧⣿⡟⠀⠀⣿⡇⣿⣿⢸⣿⣧⡄⠀⠈⠁⣿⡏⣿⡇⢸⣿⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣀⢸⣿⢾⣿⡆⣿⡇⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣇⣿⣿⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡷⣿⣧⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⠟⠿⠿⢿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠛⠃⠀⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠀⠛⠃⠛⠃⠛⠛⢀⡀⠉⠛⠛⠁⠘⠛⠃⣀⣷⡀⠘⠛⠃⠛⠛⠘⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣥⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 472 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2023/08/14/ibm-and-apps/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2023/08/14/ibm-and-apps/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.14.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ McDonalds_Visit_Disaster,_Courtesy_of_IBM_and_Apps⠀✐ Posted in IBM at 7:14 pm by Guest Editorial Team Reprinted with permission from Ryan_Farmer So I was trying to get back home from having my car’s wheel bearings checked out. The wheel speed sensors all report the same speed, which is good, so we’re just going to have to look into things on a day when it’s not raining outside, as this can trip up the diagnostic. (You don’t know if the computer is putting on the ABS for real or if it’s glitching.) Then I decided, “Why not just put in my McDonalds order through the app on my phone? They have coupons.” Just to be safe, I screenshotted the confirmation number and receipt. On my way home there’s the typical Chicago suburbs crap. Overturned semi-truck, guy in a stolen Dodge Charger wrapped around a tree at 100 miles an hour, school where they teach that boys are girls and girls are boys letting out. By the time I made it 3 miles, it had been half an hour, so obviously my McDonalds app decided to crash, come back up, log me out, glitched when I tried to tell it which store I was at and went into a loop between the map and the ordering screen, and then told me the store was closed at 3 PM. I got them to finally figure out that the order was in “the other cash register” and picked up my food. When I got home, down the street, I realized, they had given me the wrong sandwich and they put disgusting nacho cheese and jalapeno pepper slices all over a burger? Gross! To add to this, I asked for fries with no salt and got those disgusting packing peanut heatlamp fries with too much salt So this being Chicagoland, you can’t just do what you did in Indiana and call and have the manager push through a refund and then scrape the jalapenos off the burger and eat it. So I hopped back in the car, went down there, and told them they got the order wrong and I would like the correct burger and a fresh order of fries, with no salt. They brought me the burger, then they brought me another bag with the fries. I get home, there’s another burger in the bag with the fries, so I just put it in the fridge and asked my spouse if he wants it for lunch tomorrow. In 1990, you went to McDonalds, handed them some cash, everyone paid the same price. Maybe they asked if you wanted a 25 cent apple pie with your $2 Big Mac because 1990. IBM sure made them efficient. The Ketchup Nazi took a sabbatical: On the bright side, they had a big pile of ketchup on the counter. For a long time you had to ask, and when you said “a bunch”, “a lot”, or “look, at least give me enough for more than three fries”, they gave you 2-3 packages, or sometimes 30 packets, depending on how pissed and fuck-this-place the worker was after seeing their schedule that week. So I started calling them the “Ketchup Nazis”, after that episode of Seinfeld where they had an Eastern European guy with a Stalinist mustache, which they called the Soup “Nazi”. If you did anything to piss him off, he banned you from his restaurant, but his customers learned his peculiarities and “not to push it” if he made a mistake, because his soups were so good. One day, George comes in and says they forgot his free bread. So the “Soup Nazi” tells him bread for him will be $2. Then when George complains everyone else got free bread, the “Soup Nazi” bans him from the store for two years. He ends up getting Elaine to go in and buy soup for him incognito, after several others fear getting on the “Soup Nazi’s” bad side and refuse for fear of being banned as well, but Elaine doesn’t know the “Soup Nazi’s” protocols, and gets herself banned too. Eventually Kramer, who is good friends with the “Soup Nazi”, gets a nice antique cabinet and sells it to Elaine, who finds out the “Soup Nazi” left all his recipes inside it. She walks down to the store and tells him to unban them or she’ll ruin his business and “NO SOUP FOR YOU!”. Anyway, I’m trying to get my CoC complaint against Walter_Francis/Khaytsus,_at the_Fedora_project to the point where it’ll be no soup for Walter. But I doubt his friends will do that to him. Speaking of “hyperstagflation”… One of “He Who Would Never Commit a CyberCrime’s” sockpuppets was in Techrights IRC the other day. He got me in a reading binge on this infamous counterfeiter in the 1800s. The guy was a German immigrant, Emanual_Ninger, nicknamed “Jim the Penman”. I don’t remember how the topic the troll brought up was germane to the German, but I got lost in the side quest. Apparently, he bought paper from Crane & Company, the same source as the US Government for US bank notes, and although it was not the same exact paper, it was their best quality bond paper, and he set out to trace the bills and then draw in every tiny detail. He skipped the part about being produced by the Bureau of Engraving and Printing because “dey didn’t make dem”, and also the part about counterfeiting being punishable by imprisonment and hard labor, but almost nobody ever noticed. He finally got careless one day and got pinched because he made change for a $50 at a liquor store and the note got wet and the ink started running, and the owner of the establishment had Ninger found and arrested. The judge took leniency on him because of his age and frailty. To this day, there are collectors of “Ninger Notes” because they’re highly sought after works of art, illegal to possess. The few people who have one don’t want to draw attention, for the Secret Service would come and demand it. I was thinking about Ninger while I was on the toilet at Panda Express, after having paid $32 for two people to eat dinner yesterday. It took Mr. Ninger, “Jim the Penman”, weeks of hard work and expensive materials (the paper, mainly) to make a $20 or a $50 (his favorite) or a $100, but it was worth it because those bills were all worth thousands of dollars in today’s money. In fact, “Jim” probably did the $50 so much because a $100 was an eye watering amount of money back then and hard to explain, and almost certain to be closely inspected even if it would have been appropriate in-context to the transaction. Ostensibly, the reason the Secret Service would show up is that counterfeiting is a risk to the economy, it destabilizes it, it’s inflationary. The problem with this is nobody would spend a “Ninger Note”. They’re almost priceless because so few survived the trial and the Secret Service destroying them. Even if the notes wouldn’t look so out of place today, nobody would ever part with a Ninger $50 that’s worth about $10,000 under-the-table to another art collector, on a meal at Panda Express, which is about all it buys now due to the economic destabilization and inflation of…….“Joe the Biden”. Set to work producing $100s, it would take Emanuel Ninger 2.684 billion years to produce enough money to fund the federal government for a year, or 5.369 billion years if he did it in $50s, his favorite. █ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 677 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2023/08/14/obey-ibm/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2023/08/14/obey-ibm/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.14.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ [Meme]_Obey_Your_Master,_Obey_IBM⠀✐ Posted in Deception, IBM, Red_Hat at 7:41 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Simon_says:_You_can't_say_master⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇'master'_in_Fedora⦈_ Summary: Do not take advice on manners from IBM (they’ve had plenty of time to ‘correct’ the above and they still outsource almost everything to Microsoft’s proprietary prison) ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⡿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⢿⡟⠛⢻⠛⠛⢻⠛⠛⢹⡟⠉⡉⠙⢿⠉⠙⡏⠉⣿⣿⠏⠀⡄⠈⢿⠃⠀⠀⢣⠀⠹⠀⣸⠀⠰⣀⣈⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠰⣀⣨⡇⠀⢸⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⡇⠀⢸⠀⠀⠁⠀⣿⣿⣇⠀⠉⠻⣿⠀⢰⠀⠸⡆⠀⢀⣿⣦⣀⠈⠙⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠦⢄⠀⠙⡇⠀⢸⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠸⡇⠀⣇⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡏⠉⣦⠀⢸⠀⢈⡀⠀⣿⠀⢸⣿⡀⠀⠇⠀⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠘⠃⢀⡇⠀⢸⠀⠀⡆⢰⡀⢀⣧⣀⣈⣀⣼⣆⣀⣧⣀⣸⣿⣷⣤⣤⣤⣾⣤⣼⣧⣤⣼⣤⣾⣿⣷⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠧⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠋⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣷⣦⣄⡀⠀⠀⠉⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣀⠀⠀⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⡀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣴⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣴⣶⣶⣤⣴⣦⣴⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠈⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⢻⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠘⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢨⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢨⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠋⠙⠛⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⡠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⠀⢠⢣⢞⡡⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⡀⠈⠃⠀⠀⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠷⣦⣰⡆⣶⠊⢳⡆⠙⣦⡖⠉⠙⣎⡗⠉⢻⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣧⣀⣀⡸⣻⣇⣿⡀⠸⠇⠀⠿⠷⢄⠠⠯⠧⠀⠼⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⡠⠠⣠⣤⡄⣶⣶⣶⣠⣂⢶⣒⣆⣔⢲⠰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⢦⡤⣤⠤⠤⠢⢤⠀⠰⠶⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⢀⣀⣀⡀⢀⣀⣀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢧⠀⠇⢀⠏⠀⠀⢹⠀⢸⠀⢸⣦⡏⠀⡄⠙⡟⠀⠀⢿⠀⠸⠀⢸⠀⣀⠀⢀⡸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⡆⠀⣼⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⢸⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⡷⠶⡇⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⢸⠋⣿⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿ ⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⡿⣆⠀⠀⣸⣄⠘⠀⣸⠉⢇⠀⠃⣠⠁⢠⡀⠘⠀⢰⠀⢸⠀⢸⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿ ⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡠⠤⢤⣈⣩⣤⣤⣭⣉⣤⡈⣉⣭⣄⣠⣤⣉⣩⣥⣍⣉⠭⠭⣍⣭⣭⣥⣤⣤⣭⣡⣤⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿ ⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠰⣀⣹⠀⠀⢸⡀⠁⢀⡏⡇⠀⠈⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠸⡇⠀⢄⣸⣤⠀⢠⡄⠀⣤⡇⠀⡄⠈⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿ ⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠶⢄⠈⠻⠀⠇⠀⡇⠀⣼⠀⡇⠀⡀⢀⠀⢸⠀⠆⠀⡷⠦⡀⠙⣿⠀⢸⡇⠀⣤⡇⠀⡄⠈⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣄⣈⣀⣄⣀⣆⣀⣃⣀⡟⠀⢇⣀⣇⣸⣀⣀⣀⣆⣀⣣⣀⣁⡴⢿⣀⡸⣇⣀⣀⣇⣀⣇⣀⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⢀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⡏⠉⠉⡇⠀⠀⠀⠂⢤⠄⠄⢠⡤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢄⡤⠀⠀⢴⡤⠠⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⢢⡤⠠⠠⡄⢄⡠⠀⡤⡠⡠⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⠀⢤⠄⠠⣤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠ ⠀⠙⠁⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⣻⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣷⣿⣾⣷⣿⣾⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⡟⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣮⣿⡿⣡⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣿⣼⣶⣦⣤⣵⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣮⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣮⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⣽⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠫⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠿⣛⣫⣭⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣯⣭⣟⡳⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡿⣱⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠽⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⡿ ⣷⡹⢿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣷⣿⣿⣷⣶⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣱⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣶⣷⣶ ⣿⣿⣶⣭⣝⣛⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢟⣛⣯⣵⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠋⣉⣿⡿⡏⠛⠛⣛⢿⣿⡟⣿⣿⡿⣿⣟⠻⠛⣿⣟⠻⢹⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣬⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣼ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 809 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2023/08/14/opensuse-and-more/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2023/08/14/opensuse-and-more/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.14.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Mullvad_VPN_Does_Work_on_openSUSE;_General_Thoughts_on_openSUSE_Leap_15.5. Bonus:_Hopefully_the_Last_Rants_About_IBM,_Red_Hat,_Fedora.⠀✐ Posted in Free/Libre_Software, GNU/Linux, IBM, OpenSUSE at 2:26 am by Guest Editorial Team Reprinted with permission from Ryan_Farmer 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇openSUSE_screenshot⦈_ Mullvad doesn’t support it, but it does work. I managed to get Mullvad VPN to work on openSUSE and about the only caveat seems to be that the RPM package that supports Fedora 37+ expects that dbus- libs will be named that when it lists its dependencies, otherwise it works fine. I looked around and Mullvad’s only comment is it’s not a priority for them that they have customers who want to pay them and use openSUSE. *sigh* Do I detect just a hint of Fedora fanboy-ism? I did sudo zypper install and it complained about that, so I chose option 2. Break Mullvad by ignoring the “dbus-libs” dependency. Then it installed it and the other dependencies and everything seems to work and no broken system. (yay!) I set the Lockdown Mode (to make sure nothing can access the internet until the VPN is working) and launch on startup and auto- connect. It doesn’t appear that anything fails to work properly. I went ahead and did an “Extended DNS Leak Test” and it wasn’t leaking. I checked my IP address and the site showed my Mullvad-assigned VPN ipv4 and no ipv6. (As it should be.) Then I used TorGuard’s “What is my Torrent IP” page to check and sure enough Transmission leaked the real IPv6. Then I remembered I had to go into the WiFi settings in NetworkManager in Fedora and set IPv6 to disabled and reconnect to the WiFi and that solved the problem here too. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇SeaMonkey⦈_ I did run into one little hair in the soup with SeaMonkey though. openSUSE didn’t build it with ChatZilla. I’m not really sure how or why, but I suppose I could dump the tarball into /opt. I downloaded an unpacked the SeaMonkey 2.53.17 tarball into my home directory for now and it seems to work okay there, except somehow (both with my backed up and unpacked profile from Fedora and a blank one) I can no longer get WordPress.com to log in. They must have read about my success and put in more “Diarrhea Code” for GULAG CRASH. 😛 Also, Leap doesn’t have the latest SeaMonkey (they have 2.53.14 as of this writing) which is alarming because… Web browser and security patches. Also, while SeaMonkey doesn’t get along famously with all of this “Diarrhea Code” on some sites, they do backport some Web platform code from later Gecko releases and it does make a large difference. At one point, Element (the Web App version of a Matrix client) wasn’t working at all in SeaMonkey, but now it does, at least the one hosted on nerdsin.space. As far as KDE, it appears that YaST automatically logs you in if you’re the only user or something. (There’s a switch to turn this behavior off in the user creation screen in the installer.) Other than that wtf (in the trial run on my old laptop, then searching how to fix it), the system seems to run okay. I enabled zram with zstd and put an active swap on it (no SWAP partition during setup) and edited /etc/fstab to use BtrFS Compress level 1 with zstd and then defragmented the file system with the compress option to make existing files compressed. I’m not really amused by the attitude of some of these VPN companies where they don’t think making distribution-specific packages for distributions that have significant users is important. I detect a hint of Fedora fanboyism at Mullvad. Oh well. Fedora has been getting a lot more lulzy lately. Yesterday I had my first HARD (hold the power button down) crash in a long LONG time. This made it seem more urgent to get away from Fedora considering their OS bugs that are already causing audio glitches. I_blogged_previously_about_the_bad Fedora_updates_making_my_sound_card_do_weird_stuff. My spouse was complaining because it makes a high pitched “warbling” screeching sound and sometimes the only way to make it stop is to reboot. I know what I’m doing with Fedora systems and I always clean up the mess that’s left after a dnf upgrade. —Obligatory Joke Time— I’m not like “Security Expert” Matthew J. Garrett who had to go 10 Fed versions at once and couldn’t figure out RPM and Mr. Bean’d the solution because he didn’t know RPM has a switch to ignore signatures. (Just shoot the light bulb with a pellet gun and replace the bulb every morning. So much easier than learning the light switch.) —/Obligatory Joke Time— —Security— We had more sockpuppets in TechRights this morning. “He Who Would Never Commit a Cybercrime” appears to have spewed some CTCP crap in our IRC channel that was vaguely meant to look like some sort of l33t h4x0ring or something….I don’t know why. (Roy says he got some too.) Just some jerk that was trying to see if I thought something was actually happening. So that was a minor distraction for about a few seconds I guess. Although it does give me time to turn to a rather unfortunate default setting in openSUSE that sshd is on by default and the port is open, and if you aren’t observant in the installer, you might miss that. (What is this? Windows 98!? Come back, you forgot to include NetBIOS!) Although I do need to give them points for letting you remove “shim” for “Secure Boot” since it’s off in my firmware and I won’t ever turn it on. There is no actual security advantage from leaving it on, it only puts Microsoft in control of what you can boot. Even Spectre/Meltdown mitigations are configurable. If you have an old system that it slows down way too much (the old stuff where process context id is not a CPU feature, especially), you can risk it. Sadly, it’s mostly this “Clown Computing” and Modern Web shit that’s putting people at much risk from these chip bugs. —/Security— —Fedora and IBM Rant— The situation in Fedora is not just IBM Red Hat’s hate speech trolls. Oh no, if it was only that they had losers on IRC flaming people and kicking them out of some dumb room, I could totally get past that. Hell, I know more about Fedora than most of the moderators (who use Edge on Windows and Safari on Mac in the case of fedora-kde). It’s that the thing is falling down like a termite-infested house. I’m betting we get one, maybe two more releases before it’s either so awful you’d have to be out of your mind to consider installing it on something or IBM finally pulls the plug. I had considered using a RHEL clone, then quickly decided against it when IBM Red Hat went further in hiding their source code. They are not a Free Software company. Now, what I need to remember to do next time is tidy things up instead of littering the SSD with stuff from the director who brought you Untitled Document 1 and Untitled Document 2, the Untitled Document series spanning more than Taken. —/Fedora and IBM Rant— And how many times can they take Liam Neeson’s family hostage? 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇openSUSE_Leap⦈_ Aaaaand…. Before I got around to posting this, I managed to finish up my backups and get openSUSE Leap 15.5 on my main laptop. Things I’ve learned so far (from breaking it on my other laptop a few times and finding issues with my Gen12 Intel Tiger Lake laptop): KDE has gotten a lot better since the last time I tried it. It’s very fast and I have yet to run into any real problems. Just the usual post-install run around changing all the preferences. The user interface of KDE reminds me how much I really disliked GNOME’s_Human Interface._(Broken_iPhone_with_One_Button_Meets_Windows_8.) You can get used to anything…. Anyway, quirks I ran into along the way that may be worth noting in case I run into them again: openSUSE ships broken and gimpy Mesa and media codecs, like Fedora did, because of US patents. But like Fedora’s RPM Fusion, you have “Packman” for openSUSE. Fixing this problem involved visiting_this_official_Wiki_page and selecting the instructions from Option 1, the OBS Package Installer, to change to the codecs and Mesa from Packman. When I was done with that, I still didn’t have Vulkan graphics API support for my Intel GPU, just OpenGL, or Video Acceleration API for GStreamer codecs. No Problem, a trip to Yast Software now offered that, I think. It was just there being offered, so I hit apply and reboot and vulkaninfo showed that Vulkan was now working. I think that’s how I fixed it. Sound didn’t work, turned out to be a missing sound firmware, but I installed it with sudo zypper install sof-firmware and then went to Yast and had it automatically configure my Tiger Lake Sound Chipset in the Sound applet. I specifically chose everything on btrfs and to remove everything Fedora did to the SSD, and then I set up BtrFS with Compression and zram_with_a_swap. (Some of this appears to be outdated already. On my system, it only created one zram device of the size of my installed physical RAM, and put a swap device on it, which is what I wanted it to do.) All around, I can say that openSUSE could use a lot of polishing if it wants to appeal to casual and novice users. I probably wouldn’t recommend it to people who can already barely poke around a Mac or something, but technically-inclined users should be able to get a productive desktop OS set up in fairly short order. (Though I would recommend tossing it around on a spare computer for a few days.) I’d say that the technical underpinnings are what I’m looking for, and Leap is based on an enterprise Linux distribution, and one where everyone can actually look and see what’s in it. —Another IBM/Fedora Rant— IBM Red Hat has been running around basically threatening people that if they show you what’s in the Linux kernel that RHEL uses, they’ll cancel your subscription, no refund. Do they have a legal right to cancel a subscription when the GPL clearly says they can’t impose further terms on people? That’s obviously something that’s in a legal gray area. All I know is that it’s ethically disgusting and flies in the face of the spirit of Free and Open Source Software. Sadly, the march towards this behavior started long before IBM. Years before IBM even bought the company, Red Hat said they were no longer going to break out patches. They would just release the full source code. This was meant to make it difficult to easily figure out what they had done, but it was certainly allowed by the GPL. I think that they’re just behaving like Canonical, Oracle, and Google now, and violating laws, norms, and customs and daring anyone to do anything about it because you’d be up against IBM even if you did. I wasn’t going to switch operating systems from Fedora just over that, but it certainly wasn’t helping their case any. I would never recommend someone standardize on what Nancy Pelosi might call, “Pass it so you can find out what’s in it.”. I also didn’t want to plant myself on an enterprise distribution based on RHEL only to find out that they were going to threaten people if they divulged what was in userspace too. I mean, they could go there. They’ve done this. Why wouldn’t they go there? At the moment, you could probably cobble together an OS that’s like 99.97% RHEL out of the userspace of RHEL (no longer provided as source RPMs, obviously to harass the rebuild process) and a kernel plucked from CentOS, and it would be very very close, but again, it wouldn’t be “exactly” RHEL. This is where they are now, but as we’ve seen before, IBM is terrified of Oracle eating their lunch. Obviously, Debian 12 just came out, and there’s Ubuntu Long Term Support, but honestly Canonical_is_at_least_as_toxic_as_IBM_and_not_even_20%_as_competent. So that left me at Debian 12 or openSUSE Leap 15.x and it was a coin toss at that point and I just evaluated openSUSE first and determined that they did decent work and I could manage this. The pain of switching operating systems after you’ve been on one for a few years is significant. It’s also fundamentally incompatible with “Don’t make me do things.” So I did not make this decision lightly. To draw a comparison, this Fedora thing is like trying to settle on a substandard foundation where bad contractors are constantly working, never finished, day and night, and trying to make the best out of it. That was okay when Fedora had a community that hadn’t disappeared, and before IBM Red Hat started mass layoffs. There’s a brain drain, a massive one, and you have people like “Khaytsus” staffing the chat rooms. Why in God’s name did I ever go in there? Nobody in there knows as much as I already do about Fedora. 90% of the moderators use Windows and Macs. About all I got for my trouble was being k- lined from all Libera Chat (again), because I let one of their peckerhead idiot moderators goad me into talking back instead of just giving up on Fedora where I was at and realizing it was time to go. Nobody at Fedora has taken any action on the Code_of_Conduct_report_I_filed against_Khaytsus. I would believe you if you told me that everyone it signed up for the issue isn’t even in the project anymore and nobody turned off the light. I don’t encourage new users to install Fedora and get comfortable and lay the mounting problems aside and let them slowly get worse. At this rate, I do wonder how long until IBM just taps out of it and declares that you can use CentOS Stream if you want to risk a broken operating system at any minute testing “candidate updates” (you’re the guinea pig) for RHEL. They don’t actually need Fedora for any of IBM’s ambitions at this point and it shows. Roy Schestowitz commented that Planet Fedora is a ghost town now. —/Another IBM/Fedora Rant— Finally, a humorous observation about openSUSE. Some screen chatter went by earlier while I was using zypper up to fetch my security updates. Something complained that the part of systemd that Red Hat figured would be just a super fantastic idea, which shits binary core dumps (crash dumps) into your system logs, is apparently not included with openSUSE. I just thought it was interesting that it has systemd but they’re obviously not wild about at least some of it. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Stoooooppppp!!!!!!!!!⦈_ Then again, you know systemd is there because I got the infamous “A stop job is running on….” with the 1 minute 30 second timer before the OS declares “It’s dead, Jim.” and turns off the computer, presuming nothing else does it. I must remember to do what I did on Fedora where it happened constantly and reduce the timer to 30 seconds. █ ⠀⠠⣤⣤⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠿⠿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣆⣂⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠿⠻⡿⠿⣿⢿⢿⡿⡟⢿⡿⡿⡿⡿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣷⣽⣾⣿⣷⣷⣼⣯⣿⣯⣿⣷⣾⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣽⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢩⡝⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣭⣯⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠃⠛⢳⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⡀⣀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢉⡉⢉⠉⢉⠉⡉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⡉⠉⢩⣭⣭⣍⢹⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠙⠛⠿⣿⣿⠿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠰⠆⠘⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠆⠀⠶⠆⠰⠗⠀⢖⠆⠀⠿⠀⠐⠆⠀⠶⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠄⠔⠀⠂⠀⠀⠆⠰⠀⠂⠠⠀⠦⠀⠀⠐⠒⠒⠀⠀⠀ ⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⢀⣈⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⡀ ⢀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠉⡈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠁ ⣶⣶⣶⣶⡶⢶⢶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡯⠬⠽⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⠿⠷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡯⠰⠰⢂⡶⠶⠦⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⢹⣿⠿⠿⠿⣿⡝⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣶⣤⣴⣶⣀⢂⡴⣄⢰⣶⢤⡦⣶⢸⣇⣼⣿⣯⣿⣏⣁⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠙⠛⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠼⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⡇⠃⢊⢀⣍⡉⠁⢸⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣠⣝⣈⣁⣁⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢨⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⢘⠀⣁⣁⠣⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢐⣃⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣄⣂⣷⣶⣌⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⡐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⡀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣶⢸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠆⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡈⠀⠠⢀⠄⣐⣠⣢⡤⠶⠒⠓⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⠤⠈⡁⢰⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣭⣿⣿⣿⣇⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢸⡇⠀⣤⣬⣿⡝⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡯⣪⠈⠐⠒⠛⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣄⣄⡀⡽⠛⢛⣛⣛⡙⠉⣉⣉⡈⠉⠉⠻⢿⡯⠯⠭⣭⠩⢥⠁⣽⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢹⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠛⠉⠁⠀⠀⠒⠚⠻⠯⠭⢽⡇⢠⡀⠋⠀⠐⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⡴⠖⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠒⠂⠀⠀⠘⠀⠸⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡿⢉⠹⠉⠉⣉⢫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠞⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡴⠟⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⢆⠹⢷⣆⠍⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣴⣾⣯⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣻⠋⠙⢛⠻⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⠛⠛⠚⢺⣷⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢺⠀⠂⠃⢆⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠉⠉⠍⠩⠩⠉⠍⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢙⠥ ⠰⠀⠈⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠆⠀⠶⠂⠰⠖⠀⢂⠆⠀⠰⠀⠰⠶⠀⢀⠀⠀⠤⠀⠀⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠀⠂⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⢠⣴⣤⠀⠀⠀⣶⣤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠒⠶⠶⠾⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠸⠿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠿⠿⠿⣀⣄⠀⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠓⠃⠀⠀⣠⣼⣾⣾⣿⣷⠀⢸⣿⣇⣂⣒⣒⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⢀⣤⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⣀⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣂⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣤⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡟⣛⢛⣛⣛⣛⣛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡠⣾⣿⣷⢆⠀⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⣠⣤⢤⣠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡭⠨⠤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⢿⣿⡷⠛⠁⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⡛⠐⠒⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠴⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣍⢈⣉⣉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⢒⣂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣂⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠤⠯⠭⠭⠭⠭⠥⠯⠏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣰⣶⣶⣶⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣟⣛⡻⣥⣽⣟⣯⡟⠋⠛⠋⠃⠙⠛⠙⠛⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⡒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⠛⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢒⠒⡒⠒⢒⡒⣂⢀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠛⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣍⣩⣍⣍⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠋⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⠛⠻⠻⠿⣿⣿⡿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⠍⠋⠉⢉⣿⠍⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣃⣼⠀⠐⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⡯⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⢄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢀⣀⣠⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⠁⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣶⣦⣤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⡀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⢹⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢨⡿⠇⡀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⣁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣴⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠏⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⠇⠴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⡇⠀⠼⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⢀⠄⢀⡀⠀⠠⣤⣄⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⠀⠠⠄⣿⣿⣿⣯⣴⣟⡀⡘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠡⣾⣿⣟⠀⢀⣼⠥⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠄⢃⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣴⡄⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⠶⠦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠈⠁⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⣀⣽⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠘⢿⠟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠉⣩⣽⣿⣿⣿⣯⣹⣿⣃⡀⠀⠀⣦⣆⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠛⠛⠻⠿⠻⠟⠛⠋⠉⠈⠑⢦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣤⣀⣀⡀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣦⣄⣴⣾⣷⣆⣤⣾⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡏⣿⣿⣫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠐⣾⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⢻⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣫⡵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⢈⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡏⠐⠉⣀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠋⡁⠀⠀⢀⣠⣼⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⡇⡠⠚⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⠏⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⠇⣠⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢊⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣻⣿⣟⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣻⣽⣿⢻⣿⣿⣫⣿⣝⣭⣯⣅⣽⣿⢻⣽⣭⣻⣿⣍⣿⣯⣽⣷⣤⣴⣤⣤⣴⣤⣤⣴⣬⣿⣯⣹⣿⣍⣿⣦⣰⣶⣭⣿⣽⣯⣿⣿⣽⡯⣿⣿⣽⣯⣿⣽⣯⣿⢿⣿ ⡇⠀⢘⣿⣯⢸⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⠿⣿⡿⢿⣿⠿⣿⡿⢿⣿⠿⢻⡿⠟⣿⠿⢻⡿⠟⣿⢸⡿⣿⣿⢹⡇⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⢹⣿⣿⢸⣿ ⡇⢀⣼⣿⣻⣼⣻⣾⣻⣿⣼⣿⣯⣟⣟⣯⣿⣟⣽⣻⣻⣼⣻⣻⣝⣿⣧⣟⣟⣯⣻⣛⣜⣻⣛⣝⣻⡋⠛⠃⢘⣛⣤⣛⣣⣜⣛⣀⡛⠃⠙⢛⣾⣟⣣⣷⣛⣼⣞⣳⣿⣛⣘⣛⣛⣛⡚⢃⡛⠛⠛⠓⠛⠚⠛⠛⠈⠉ ⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⣉⣁⣠⣴⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣭⣷⣞⣋⣁⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1341 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2023/08/14/the-world-wide-web-crisis/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2023/08/14/the-world-wide-web-crisis/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.14.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ The_World_Wide_Web_Crisis⠀✐ Posted in Deception at 6:50 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Video_download_link | md5sum 0041e81d0ff4a6db8c528d99401b1d8e WWW and CG Threat to It Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivative Works 4.0 http://techrights.org/videos/www-cg-spam.webm Summary: The World Wide Web is being filled with bots, not just those scanning its contents but those that generate the contents THE technical nature of the Web is getting worse. In addition to security and vendor lock-in aspects we’re getting DRM. But what about the content of the Web? Is that getting any better? Or a whole lot worse? This morning we were moaning_about_sites_that_create_nothing and basically publish Computer-Generated (CG) nonsense, a word salad and some “art” that’s plagiarised with slight derivations. At the moment that does not constitute the majority of the Web, but that can do sufficient damage to discourage journalism, especially if Google cannot distinguish between real articles and fake ones, in turn rewarding the CG plagiarism. █ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1386 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2023/08/14/windows-overthrown-in-niger/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2023/08/14/windows-overthrown-in-niger/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.14.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Windows_Overthrown_in_Niger,_Down_to_8%_market_Share_(It_Used_to_be_99%)⠀✐ Posted in Africa, GNU/Linux, Microsoft, Windows at 8:33 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Desktop,_Mobile_&_Console_Operating_System_Market_Share Niger_-_recent⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Desktop,_Mobile_&_Console_Operating_System_Market_Share Niger_-_historic⦈_ Summary: As of this_month or last month, Windows stood at just 8.5% of the operating systems “market” in Niger and 14_years_ago_it_was_99%; Android, which is Linux-based, has taken over (rapid transition around 2014-2016) ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣷⣶⢹⠩⢻⠭⡇⢋⣭⡝⣭⢻⣩⢻⣿⣿⡼⣏⢸⣫⣻⢨⡝⣿⢸⠫⢻⣿⢕⢸⣿⡏⣶⣾⣫⣻⢩⡝⡫⢽⣫⡻⢸⠫⢻⣿⣵⣶⢹⣫⣻⠫⢻⢩⡯⠝⣭⡇⡏⣍⡟⠍⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣯⣥⣾⣭⣭⣭⣧⣧⣧⣵⣭⣾⣭⣼⣼⣿⣷⣼⣼⣬⣼⣬⣵⣿⣼⣬⣽⣿⣬⣴⣽⣷⣭⣽⣬⣼⣼⣧⣭⣼⣬⣼⣼⣬⣽⣿⣮⣥⣾⣬⣼⣬⣽⣼⣯⣥⣧⣥⣧⣿⡇⠭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣑⠾⢻⢛⠛⡏⣻⠛⢻⣛⢛⣻⣿⢈⢿⡁⡟⠛⣟⣻⢟⡟⠛⡋⣻⣏⠶⢿⣛⢻⠛⢻⣛⠟⠛⣿⣯⢻⢸⡟⣛⡻⠛⢿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣭⣥⢇⣾⣥⣷⣽⣭⣽⣿⣼⣿⣿⣼⣤⣧⣤⣥⣿⣿⣶⣥⣭⣧⣽⣯⣭⣾⣿⣼⣬⣼⣿⣮⣭⣿⣿⣷⣼⡏⠤⣱⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⢉⠏⢟⡻⠿⣿⡭⣹⣭⣯⢝⣭⣿⡿⢿⡟⢹⢻⢻⡛⣿⣭⢹⣭⣯⢍⡭⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣼⣦⣮⣽⣶⣿⣤⣽⣭⣧⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣧⣮⣌⣀⣿⣥⣽⣭⣧⣬⣭⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⠉⠍⠉⣿⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⢉⠙⠻⢿⣿⡿⠿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⡟⠛⢉⣁⣉⠙⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣤⣤⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣄⣈⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢁⣴⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣈⣁⣤⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣤⣄⣉⠙⠻⠿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠟⠋⣀⣴⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠙⢿⡿⠟⠛⢁⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠛⠻⢿⠟⠋⢁⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣉⣙⣉⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⢀⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⠿⢿⠋⠿⠿⠿⠹⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠹⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠸⢿⠿⠀⠀⢀⢠⣿⣂⣈⣀⣋⣀⣸⣘⣃⣛⣃⣛⣠⣘⣀⣀⣇⣇⣘⣀⣂⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣄⣀⣀⣹⢨⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣥⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣬⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣤⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⠿⢿⠿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣤⣥⣤⣽⢨⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠸⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⢿⠿⠿⣷⢠⣤⣤⣄⣈⠙⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣬⣤⣤⣼⢰⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣄⠀⠲⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡶⠂⣀⣀⣀⡀⠐⠶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⠶⠶⠶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⡈⠛⠛⠻⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠉⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡈⠙⠉⢉⣉⣀⣤⣴⣶⣤⣤⣀⣈⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⡿⠿⠛⠿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠒⠲⠒⠒⠚⠛⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⠶⠶⠖⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⢀⣀⣤⣴⣦⣤⣀⣀⠈⠛⠻⠒⠒⠒⠂⠀⣉⣉⣁⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣤⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⣄⣈⡉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠒⠒⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⠦⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠠⣤⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠿⠿⠟⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠒⠒⠚⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠶⠶⠾⠿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠁⠠⠾⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠦⠈⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⢒⠶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⢒⠶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⢖⠲⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡖⠲⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡖⠲⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡖⠲⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡶⠲⢶⣶⣶⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⢊⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠣⠂⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠂⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠂⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠐⣱⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠐⣡⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠐⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠓⢮⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠗⢦⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢧⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⡲⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠲⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠚⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣅⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡉⢄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⠂⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⢄⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡂⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠠⣜⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡁⣰⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢯⡭⣿⡙⠛⢛⢛⠛⠙⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢩⢙⡏⠉⡉⡛⠋⠛⠛⢛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢭⢙⡏⢭⢉⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⡿⠿⠿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣬⣥⣿⣭⣴⣤⣶⣤⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣬⣵⣧⣧⣦⣯⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣭⣴⣧⣧⣦⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣛⣿⠭⠹⠙⠛⢻⡋⠋⠻⢹⠟⠛⢩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣞⠋⢹⡩⠅⠫⣭⡍⣭⡏⣭⢻⣿⣧⠻⡅⣯⡍⣯⣭⡇⣿⠉⢹⣿⣐⠜⣿⢱⣶⣯⡍⣏⣭⣏⠭⢫⡝⢸⠉⢹⣿⢶⡆⡏⣭⡏⠉⣏⡽⠍⡇⣽⡏⣭⡏⠍⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠶⣾⣶⣾⣶⣶⣷⣷⣶⣶⣇⣶⢧⣿⢿⣷⣷⣷⢶⣷⣶⣷⣿⣶⠾⡿⣶⣶⣿⣷⣶⣷⣶⡿⣿⣷⢶⣶⣾⣾⣶⣾⣿⣶⣶⣇⣶⣷⣶⣿⣷⣶⣷⣾⣷⣿⣇⣒⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣙⠏⢯⣉⢭⣽⢉⣹⣭⢩⣽⣿⢈⢯⢸⣉⣿⣭⢘⠍⣉⡃⣽⣧⣙⡇⣭⡿⡉⡏⣝⣉⣹⡇⣌⢿⢸⠩⣝⣉⣻⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⣶⣏⣾⣶⡾⣶⢶⡾⢿⠾⣿⣿⣾⣾⣾⣶⣿⣿⡾⢾⠶⣷⢾⡷⣶⣷⣿⣷⣶⣷⣿⣶⣾⣷⣿⣾⣾⣒⣼⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡳⢸⣶⣿⠟⢌⠗⡿⢿⠭⣽⣛⡿⣐⠃⠇⠗⢼⡟⢽⠾⡸⠳⠯⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣷⣾⢀⠹⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⡖⠒⠶⠶⠶⠶⢶⣶⠖⠖⣖⡖⠶⢶⢶⡶⡶⣖⢖⢖⠖⡆⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢀⠛⠛⠚⠓⠒⠒⠚⠛⠓⠒⠒⠓⠛⠚⠛⠒⠛⠓⠒⠓⠓⠃⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣩⣍⣹⢘⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⠀⠛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⠛⠙⢛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⡛⢛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⡛⢛⣛⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠛⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⢿⡿⠐⢠⡈⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⡈⠘⠛⠉⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠻⢿⣿⠁⠈⠻⠛⠁⠈⠟⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⢹⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠘⠁⣼⣿⣷⠀⢻⠛⣿⣿⡇⢰⣿⣦⣤⡄⢠⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢁⣠⣤⡀⠻⠀⣿⠀⢠⣾⣧⣤⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡆⠘⣿⡏⠀⠀⠠⣴⣦⠀⠀⠀⢸⡟⠛⡏⢙⠃⠘⠀⡘⢛⡛⢛⠃⠈⠐⠈⠃⡀⡚⠛⠛⢛⣿⣿⠀⢻⠀⠻⣿⠃⣸⣿⣿⣧⠀⢰⣿⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⢿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⠀⠀⣠⣼⣧⣥⣦⠄⢁⣠⣤⣴⣬⣴⣬⣼⣄⣠⡄⠀⣧⣴⣬⣤⣼⣿⣿⡇⠈⠀⡆⠘⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣧⣬⣦⣼⢰⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⠀⡖⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⡖⠀⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣠⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡆⠀⢠⣶⣤⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠁⢈⠀⢰⣿⣇⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣟⠩⡉⢹⢘⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⠀⣛⣛⣛⠃⣐⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⡛⠀⢘⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⡏⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⠁⣾⠟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠘⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠁⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠙⠋⠀⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠇⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣷⠀⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠹⡟⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⢸⠀⣠⣾⡀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣼⢨⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⠅⠈⢀⣭⡄⠀⠈⣭⣭⣭⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⣬⣥⡀⢩⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⡍⠀⠀⠀⡀⠉⣭⣭⣭⣭⡭⠭⠀⣭⣤⣭⣭⣅⠈⠭⠭⠍⠀⢩⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⣄⣸⣿⣿⡿⠀⠻⢿⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣧⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⢠⣀⡀⠳⡆⠈⠹⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⣀⣰⣇⠀⣿⠀⠘⠻⣿⠟⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⡴⠿⢁⡉⠃⠂⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢀⡀⠈⠙⠟⠀⠈⠙⠉⠹⣿⠟⠀⠸⠇⠀⡀⠁⠀⠀⢸⠶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠄⠀⠠⠀⣄⠈⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠻⠟⠛⠀⣤⡤⠾⣿⠃⠠⠤⠄⠀⠀⣀⣷⣄⠈⠳⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠲⠾⠿⠷⢦⠄⠀⠀⠘⠀⠈⠛⠉⠉⠉⠘⠉⠙⠉⠁⠀⠐⠂⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠻⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠛⠛⠙⠛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠑⠒⠀⠐⠂⠐⠒⠚⠛⠛⠓⠒⠀⠀⠐⠛⠛⠛⠓⠒⠛⠒⠛⠛⠛⠒⠚⠛⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⡶⠀⢲⣶⣶⠆⣒⣶⣶⡶⢠⢒⣿⣶⡏⡙⣿⣿⣿⠏⣻⣿⣿⡏⡛⣿⣿⣿⠙⢹⣿⣿⡏⡝⣿⣿⣿⠉⢻⣶⣶⡏⡀⣾⣶⡶⠀⢰⣶⣶⠶⡒⣶⣶⡶⢠⢒⣶⣶⠆⠰⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⡑⢱⣿⣿⢋⠊⣾⣿⡟⡑⢱⣿⣿⢋⠊⣾⣿⡟⡑⢱⣿⣿⢋⠊⣾⣿⡟⡑⢱⣿⣿⢋⠊⣾⣿⡟⡓⢱⣿⣿⢟⠊⣾⣿⡿⡓⢡⣾⣿⢟⠊⣴⣿⡿⡃⢡⣾⣿⢟⠈⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⣱⣿⣿⡟⢉⣾⣿⣿⠋⣱⣿⣿⡟⢉⣾⣿⣿⠋⣱⣿⣿⡟⢉⣾⣿⣿⠋⣱⣿⣿⡟⢉⣾⣿⣿⠋⣱⣿⣿⡟⢉⣾⣿⣿⠋⣱⣿⣿⡟⢉⣾⣿⣿⠋⣱⣿⣿⡟⢉⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣿⣿⣿⣶⣼⣿⣿⣷⣦⣿⣿⣿⣶⣼⣿⣿⣷⣦⣿⣿⣿⣶⣼⣿⣿⣷⣦⣿⣿⣿⣶⣼⣿⣿⣷⣦⣿⣿⣿⣶⣼⣿⣿⣷⣦⣿⣿⣿⣶⣼⣿⣿⣷⣦⣿⣿⣿⣶⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣟⣿⠛⠿⠿⢿⡿⢻⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⡻⡟⠻⠻⡿⡟⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣛⠻⡟⡿⡟⠿⡿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢷⣷⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣶⣷⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡶⣾⣷⣶⣷⣶⣷⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⣣⣼⣘⣷⣀⣀⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣜⣢⣗⣁⣀⣎⣀⣸⣄⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣘⣤⣗⡉⣰⣀⣂⣀⣰⣀⣂⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣛⣻⠩⠹⠙⠛⢻⠙⠋⠏⠏⠛⠋⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1505 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.14.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Gemini_Links_14/08/2023:_Movie_Showcase_and_Digital_Detox⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 7:53 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * Gemini*_and_Gopher o Personal/Opinions o Technology_and_Free_Software # Internet/Gemini # Programming * § Gemini* and Gopher⠀➾ o § Personal/Opinions⠀➾ # ⚓ Movie_Showcase:_Into_the_Spider-verse⠀⇛ When I first watched “Spiderman: Into the Spider- verse (2018)” I was expecting a solid eight, or maybe a nine; how good could another spiderman movie be, anyway? So it was an unexpected surprise when the movie not only hit “ten” on my personal scale; it redefined it. “Spiderman: Into the Spider-verse” is a fantastic super hero movie, succeeding as it does in playing the story completely straight while simultaneously making fun of it and injecting a healthy dose of new ideas; but far more than that: it redefined what an animated movie can do, visually. # ⚓ All_over_the_place⠀⇛ Since the last entry I’ve been to Colorado, Kansas, Alberta, Texas, Arizona, Illinois, Louisiana, Alabama, Mississippi, Iowa, and likely some other states that do not immediately spring to mind. I am going to try and be more regular with the updates moving forward. # ⚓ the_soul’s_agenda⠀⇛ “…If our work does not support our soul, then the soul will exact its butcher’s bill elsewhere. Wherever the soul’s agenda is not served, some pathology will service in the arena of daily life. We may choose careers, but we do not choose vocation. Vocation chooses us. *To choose what chooses us* is a freedom the by-product of which will be a sense of rightness and a harmony within, even if lived out in the world of conflict, absent validation, and at considerable personal cost. o § Technology and Free Software⠀➾ # ⚓ Bop_Skitfeld⠀⇛ This whole place keeps gnawing at my brain. The wires. The circuitry. The unorganized cables. Castles made of discarded junk, soldered together by slaves and fools working for the opportunity to get their hands on antique tech. All under the watchful lense of glistening bi-pedal semi- sentients. The loud screech of jury-rigged cooling fans, the clacking of the drum drives that were never allowed to die. Every morning I am reminded of my sub-serviency, as a metallic arm squeezes 1/3rd of the daily protein ration inside a paper cup, before I am walked to the stripery. The monochrome walls of my discomfort. “The wheel of the market must turn!” # § Internet/Gemini⠀➾ # ⚓ Emergency_Notifications,_Mastodon,_the_Climate Crisis⠀⇛ The last few years (the last decade? when was the starting point?) have seen things get decidedly worse. Weather is hotter, more variable. In 2021, Lytton, British Columbia burned after a wildfire got out of control. The area had record setting temperatures, peaking at over 49C. I was born in BC, and the Interior gets warm, but not like that. There are lots of similar stories. Spain is supposed to get ground temperatures above 50 degrees. People are dying from heat and it’s only going to get worse. The last few years we’ve all been learning about wet bulb temperatures. Everyone’s wondering what’s going to happen 10, 20, 40 years down the line, but climate change is hitting what feels like exponentially quicker than we expected. Now I’m wondering what next year will be like. Should I start a little light hoarding? I just opened a new sack of rice – should I get another, just in case? # ⚓ Changing_domain_names⠀⇛ I have registered the domain geminiprotocol.net. There is nothing there yet, but in the near future this will become the domain for the official Project Gemini capsule. Fear not, the familiar gemini.circumlunar.space hostname won’t disappear. Instead, I plan to split the official capsule in two. The CAPCOM aggregator, the SFTP user capsules, and the SSH kiosk will all remain at their current gemini.circumlunar.space URLs. The official news feed, documentation like the FAQ, and the protocol specifications will move to the new geminiprotocol.net. This is a big change! I will do all that I can to make it as smooth as possible. I’ll put redirects in place to ensure that no links or bookmarks break, and my hope is that SFTP users will not even notice anything has changed aside from a very brief window of downtime. The change will probably happen in late August or very early September. I will make announcements here at every relevant stage to keep people abreast of the transition. # ⚓ Re:_The_Minimalist_Vegan⠀⇛ I was going to point out an error in the URL, but now that I’m writing this up it has already been fixed. Since I have already read the book by now, I was able to kinda fix the broken link by myself – and it was totally worth it! The book is a rather short one, it took me less than two hours straight to read it through, but I really enjoyed it. Now I have to admit that it didn’t bring anything new for me to the table, but it is really well written and to the point, and probably much easier to digest at first than other, more comprehensive works. I can totally recommend it to anyone using Gemini, even to those who won’t want to become a vegan! # ⚓ Re:_What_if_Gemini_could_be_served_on_port_80?⠀⇛ It can be, in which case you’ll have “gemini: //example.org:80″ links instead of the shorter “gemini://example.org”. Downsides include the need to deal with the usual “only root can listen on ports <1024″ restriction, or more problematic that lots of web scanners will be poking at your gemini service. This may fill the logs and will waste CPU. Also client software will tend to expect HTTP at TCP/80, and will probably throw weird errors if a client ever points their normie browser to your http://example.org:80 that runs gemini. Probably not the best experience. Good luck getting the browser company to support Gemini? # ⚓ Digital_Detox_2⠀⇛ Another round of removing online accounts. Due to some completely unforseen wiggle in the delicate fabric of space time it occured to me that I could get rid of three more accounts since I last wrote about it. [...] And by now, my job life is nearing its end rather than the next exciting position with demanding challenges. So, why keep it? I could cancel the premium thing online. But I had to request a service ticket to get the whole thing deleted. With a bit of luck it should be gone in a few days. # § Programming⠀➾ # ⚓ KL1_on_a_Mac_M1⠀⇛ KL1 is a programming language from the 1980s Japanese 5th Generation project. It’s a committed-choice logic programming language derived from Prolog, but (perhaps fatally) not particularly compatible with Prolog. =============================================================================== * Gemini_(Primer) links can be opened using Gemini_software. It’s like the World Wide Web but a lot lighter. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1762 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.14.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Links_14/08/2023:_IPFire_Release_and_Loads_of_HowTos⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 12:30 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * GNU/Linux o Audiocasts/Shows o Applications o Instructionals/Technical o Games o Desktop_Environments/WMs # K_Desktop_Environment/KDE_SC/Qt # GNOME_Desktop/GTK * Distributions_and_Operating_Systems o New_Releases o BSD o PCLinuxOS/Mageia/Mandriva/OpenMandriva_Family o SUSE/OpenSUSE o Fedora_Family_/_IBM o Canonical/Ubuntu_Family o Devices/Embedded o Open_Hardware/Modding o Mobile_Systems/Mobile_Applications * Free,_Libre,_and_Open_Source_Software o Events o Programming/Development o Standards/Consortia * Leftovers o Education o Hardware o Health/Nutrition/Agriculture o Proprietary/Artificial_Intelligence_(AI) o Security # Privacy/Surveillance o Defence/Aggression o Transparency/Investigative_Reporting o Environment # Energy/Transportation # Wildlife/Nature o Finance o AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics o Censorship/Free_Speech o Freedom_of_Information_/_Freedom_of_the_Press o Civil_Rights/Policing o Internet_Policy/Net_Neutrality o Monopolies # Patents # Copyrights * § GNU/Linux⠀➾ o ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Indian_armed_forces_gives_Windows_its_marching orders_•_The_Register⠀⇛ Indian mythology is rich beyond measure in tales of gods, demons, and humans doing battle. Deception, alliances, betrayal, supernatural weaponry, and devastating consequences tangle with morality and greed. If you think that sounds like today’s global technology maelstrom, that’s forgivable. So when the Indian Ministry of Defence announced that it would be ditching Microsoft Windows in favor of “locally developed” open source Maya OS to increase security, it’s fair to see this as part of the great cycle of conflict between FOSS and proprietary systems. Such decisions are never purely pragmatic, even though that’s frequently the justification, and when policy rather than practicality has the upper hand, the results can be excitingly mixed. o ⚓ Linux Made Simple ☛ 2023-08-06_[Older]_Linux_Weekly_Roundup #247⠀⇛ o § Audiocasts/Shows⠀➾ # ⚓ Ride_the_Rhino_|_LINUX_Unplugged_523⠀⇛ We’re trying out Rhino Linux—a unique take on rolling Ubuntu with AUR-like powers and other surprises. # ⚓ Tux Digital ☛ This_Week_in_Linux_229:_Rolling_Ubuntu Distro,_New_CPU_Flaws,_Linux_Mint_Gets_EDGEy_&_more_Linux news!⠀⇛ On this episode of This Week in Linux (229), we’re going to take a look at a new rolling release distro based on Ubuntu. Linux Mint will soon be living on the EDGE. AMD is experiencing some INCEPTION and Intel is meeting their DOWNFALL. # ⚓ GNU World Order (Audio Show) ☛ GNU_World_Order_525⠀⇛ **glibc** , all of the **glib** packages, **gmime** , **gmm** , and **gmp** from the **l** software series of Slackware**, **and musings about the usefulness of errors. shasum - a256=2b4cf08853929c94d417df2b21c31d5d38ed8953d691b8b956953c035108c4d1 o § Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ OMG! Linux ☛ See_System_Info_on_Linux_with_New_App ‘Inspector’⠀⇛ Want to learn more about the hardware your Linux device uses? Inspector is a new GTK4/libdawaita app that lets you do just that. # ⚓ Make Use Of ☛ 2023-08-08_[Older]_The_Top_12_Must-Have_Apps for_Debian_Users⠀⇛ o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾ # ⚓ Bypassing_the_Risk:_How_to_Avoid_Hardcoding_Your_Password in_PostgreSQL⠀⇛ Securing passwords is a critical aspect of maintaining data integrity in PostgreSQL. In order to access a database, users must authenticate themselves by providing a valid username and password. While there are several methods for storing and managing passwords securely, hardcoding passwords within code is never recommended. # ⚓ Leveraging_Connection_Service_Files_in_PostgreSQL_for Smoother_Operations⠀⇛ PostgreSQL is one of the most popular open-source relational database management systems (RDBMS) used in the industry today. It is known for its robustness, reliability, and scalability, making it a preferred choice of many enterprise applications. # ⚓ François_Marier:_Using_iptables_with_systemd-networkd⠀⇛ I used to rely on ifupdown to bring up my iptables firewall automatically using a config like this in /etc/network/interfaces: [...] # ⚓ Make Use Of ☛ 2023-08-10_[Older]_How_to_Delete_Files_on_a Chromebook⠀⇛ # ⚓ 2023-08-11_[Older]_Beginner’s_Guide:_How_to_Install_Python on_Ubuntu,_Step_by_Step⠀⇛ # ⚓ 2023-08-11_[Older]_Mastering_Curl_in_Linux:_How_to_Use_the Curl_Command_Effectively⠀⇛ # ⚓ Kifarunix ☛ 2023-08-06_[Older]_Serverless_Computing_with Linux_on_AWS_Lambda⠀⇛ # ⚓ 2023-08-06_[Older]_Mastering_File_Copying_in_Linux:_A_Guide to_Using_the_cp_Command⠀⇛ # ⚓ Resolving_Connection_Failures:_A_Troubleshooting_Guide_for PostgreSQL_Users⠀⇛ # ⚓ Demystifying_Database_Systems:_How_to_Locate_Your PostgreSQL_System_Identifier⠀⇛ # ⚓ Taking_PostgreSQL_to_the_Cloud:_The_Future_of_Database Management⠀⇛ # ⚓ Decoding_the_Server_Type:_A_Deep_Dive_into_PostgreSQL Server_Architecture⠀⇛ # ⚓ How_to_Determine_Your_PostgreSQL_Server_Version⠀⇛ # ⚓ Customizing_User_Experiences:_Setting_Parameters_for Specific_User_Groups_in_PostgreSQL⠀⇛ In today’s digital age, businesses require software and applications that are tailored to their needs. User experience customization is a crucial aspect of the software development process that ensures that the end-users interact with the application in a way that is intuitive, efficient, and productive. # ⚓ Discovering_the_Unusual:_How_to_Find_Non-Default_Settings in_PostgreSQL⠀⇛ PostgreSQL is a powerful, open-source relational database management system that has been gaining popularity among developers and data analysts. It is known for its robustness, reliability, and flexibility. With features such as transactional integrity, concurrency control, and extensibility, PostgreSQL is a top choice for many organizations in need of a high-performance database. # ⚓ Demystifying_Your_Session:_How_to_Find_Configuration Settings_in_PostgreSQL⠀⇛ PostgreSQL is a powerful and versatile open-source relational database management system that has gained popularity in the tech industry due to its advanced features, scalability, and reliability. It was first released in 1989 by the University of California, Berkeley, and has since become one of the most widely used databases in the world. # ⚓ Quick_Estimates:_Swiftly_Approximating_Row_Counts_in PostgreSQL_Tables⠀⇛ # ⚓ Behind_the_Scenes:_Listing_and_Understanding_Extensions_in a_PostgreSQL_Database⠀⇛ # ⚓ Unraveling_the_Web:_Gaining_Insight_into_Object Dependencies_in_PostgreSQL⠀⇛ # ⚓ RTFM:_The_Essential_Read_for_Every_PostgreSQL_User⠀⇛ # ⚓ Tuning_Your_PostgreSQL_Server:_How_to_Set_Configuration Parameters_Effectively⠀⇛ # ⚓ Designing_Your_Future:_A_Comprehensive_Guide_to_Planning_a New_PostgreSQL_Database⠀⇛ # ⚓ Achieving_Optimal_Performance:_Setting_Configuration Parameters_in_Your_PostgreSQL_Programs⠀⇛ # ⚓ Own HowTo ☛ How_to_Create_a_Virtual_machine_with_Gnome Boxes_on_Linux_Mint⠀⇛ Gnome Boxes is an app that allows you to create virtual machines on Linux Mint. Gnome Boxes is like Virtualbox. Gnome Boxes has less features and is less customizable than virtualbox. However, it is way simpler to use, and you can run a virtual machine without having technical knowledge. # ⚓ Uncovering_Server_Uptime:_A_Guide_to_Monitoring_PostgreSQL Server_Performance⠀⇛ # ⚓ Pathway_to_Your_Data:_Locating_Database_Server_Files_in PostgreSQL⠀⇛ # ⚓ In_Search_of_Clues:_Finding_and_Understanding_the PostgreSQL_Server’s_Message_Log⠀⇛ # ⚓ A_Guide_to_Rebooting_Your_Linux_System:_Command_Line Essentials⠀⇛ You don’t need to reboot a Linux server, they are not running only 2-3 weeks even years without interruption. # ⚓ Mastering_Disk_Partitioning_in_Linux:_A_Comprehensive_fdisk Command_Guide⠀⇛ fdisk command in Linux is used to create and delete partitions in Linux of Hardisk. # ⚓ Step-by-Step_RPM_Installation_on_CentOS:_A_Comprehensive Walkthrough⠀⇛ Mostly, A Linux system administrator installs rpm packages on Linux by using yum command, but you can use rpm command in Linux […] # ⚓ Net2 ☛ How_to_check_memory_usage_on_Ubuntu_22.04⠀⇛ If you’re a fan of Ubuntu 22.04, the popular Linux distro with its slick user-friendly interface and powerful features, you might be wondering how to keep tabs on your system’s memory usage to keep things running smoothly. # ⚓ Linuxiac ☛ How_to_Install_Seafile_File_Sync_Server_with Docker⠀⇛ Learn how to install the Seafile server using Docker Compose for seamless file synchronization across all your devices. # ⚓ ID Root ☛ How_to_Use_Bc_Command_on_Linux⠀⇛ In the realm of Linux command-line utilities, the Bc command stands out as a versatile and powerful tool for performing advanced mathematical calculations. Often referred to as a sophisticated arbitrary precision calculator, Bc offers a host of features that can elevate your number-crunching tasks to a whole new level. # ⚓ ID Root ☛ How_To_Install_Samba_on_Rocky_Linux_9⠀⇛ In this tutorial, we will show you how to install Samba on Rocky Linux 9. For those of you who didn’t know, Samba is a powerful and versatile open-source software that allows seamless file and printer sharing between Linux and Windows systems. # ⚓ Linux Made Simple ☛ 2023-08-11_[Older]_How_to_install_Ice Engine_0.4.5_on_a_Chromebook⠀⇛ # ⚓ Linux Made Simple ☛ 2023-08-10_[Older]_How_to_install_CLion on_a_Chromebook_in_2023⠀⇛ # ⚓ Linux Made Simple ☛ 2023-08-10_[Older]_How_to_install_Godot game_engine_on_Debian_12⠀⇛ # ⚓ Linux Made Simple ☛ 2023-08-09_[Older]_How_to_install_Gimp on_Debian_12⠀⇛ # ⚓ Linux Made Simple ☛ 2023-08-09_[Older]_How_to_install Thinkorswim_Desktop_on_a_Chromebook_in_2023⠀⇛ # ⚓ Linux Made Simple ☛ 2023-08-08_[Older]_How_to_install_PCSX2 on_a_Chromebook⠀⇛ # ⚓ Linux Made Simple ☛ 2023-08-08_[Older]_How_to_install Sublime_Text_on_Debian_12⠀⇛ # ⚓ Linux Made Simple ☛ 2023-08-07_[Older]_How_to_install Minetest_on_Debian_12⠀⇛ # ⚓ Linux Made Simple ☛ 2023-08-07_[Older]_How_to_install_RPCS3 on_a_Chromebook⠀⇛ # ⚓ Linux Made Simple ☛ 2023-08-06_[Older]_How_to_install Inkscape_on_Debian_12⠀⇛ # ⚓ Linux Made Simple ☛ 2023-08-06_[Older]_How_to_install MCreator_2023_on_a_Chromebook⠀⇛ o § Games⠀➾ # ⚓ OMG Ubuntu ☛ Wipeout_Game_Rewrite:_How_to_Play_it_on Ubuntu⠀⇛ Want to play an improved version of famed futuristic racing game wipEout on Ubuntu? Chances are you do as this game is considered something of a classic. A bona-fide hit on PlayStation when released (it also came to DOS and the Sega Saturn) its success spawned a slew of sequels and imitators on gaming systems that followed. o § Desktop Environments/WMs⠀➾ # § K Desktop Environment/KDE SC/Qt⠀➾ # ⚓ KDE Official ☛ Calling_All_Artists!_–_The_Plasma_6 Wallpaper_Contest⠀⇛ Plasma 6 release day is getting closer… and we still have no wallpaper to use! But we’re going to change that with your help and this contest! We are calling on all artists to submit their original wallpaper designs and compete for the chance to win a brand-new laptop (see below). The contest will be open for three months, starting now! Judges for the competition will be selected from the KDE Visual Design Group and other esteemed community members. Wallpapers will be judged based on artistic merit, originality, and adherence to the design themes mentioned earlier. At the end of the submission period, six finalists will be selected for a second round. Artists who make it to this stage will receive a small prize (e.g. a KDE t-shirt!) and actionable feedback from the judges. The artists will be able to upload different variations addressing the feedback. This stage will take between one and three weeks. At the end of it, a winner will be selected and announced. The winner will get a Framework Laptop 13! # ⚓ Nate Graham ☛ Bug_tracking_vs_user_support⠀⇛ I often encourage people to submit bug reports when they complain about this or that on Reddit or comments here or wherever. This works as long as their problem is actually a bug. But many problems are not bugs. They could be user error, a misunderstanding of the software’s scope or capabilities, a request for something impossible, a long rant about how the software sucks, or a request for help recovering the picture of their kawaii catgirl waifu that they just lost in Krita. # § GNOME Desktop/GTK⠀➾ # ⚓ OMG! Linux ☛ Keyboard_Backlight_Control_Added_to GNOME_45⠀⇛ Among the many new features in GNOME 45 is keyboard backlight control from the Quick Settings menu. # ⚓ GNU Image Manipulation Program (GIMP) ☛ GIMP_now_on Windows_for_ARM (experimental)⠀⇛ GIMP’s Windows installer now supports ARM 64- bit architecture. * § Distributions and Operating Systems⠀➾ o ⚓ Barry Kauler ☛ redshift.pot_installed_in_OE⠀⇛ Forum member Maybe asked about this: https://forum.puppylinux.com/viewtopic.php?p=96278#p96278 I have recompiled the ‘redshift’ package in OpenEmbedded and modified the recipe to install ‘redshift.pot’. o § New Releases⠀➾ # ⚓ IPFire Official Blog ☛ IPFire_2.27_–_Core_Update_178_is available_for_testing⠀⇛ The next Core Update is available for testing: IPFire 2.27 – Core Update 178 which includes kernel and microcode fixes to mitigate vulnerabilities in Intel and AMD processors. IPFire is not directly affected by any of these attacks as the firewall never executes untrusted code. All programs on IPFire come from our package management system which signs all updates. However, it might be possible for an attacker to inject any code remotely by some undiscovered vulnerability and using these CPU vulnerabilities might allow the attacker to create more damage. Therefore, we recommend to install this update as soon as possible and to reboot your firewall. o § BSD⠀➾ # ⚓ FreeBSD ☛ Save_the_Date:_November_2023_FreeBSD_Vendor Summit⠀⇛ Mark your calendars! The November 2023 FreeBSD Vendor Summit will take place November 2-3, 2023 at the NetApp Campus in San Jose, CA. The Vendor Summit will feature a single track of talks on both days.  More details on the schedule and travel information will be available soon. o § PCLinuxOS/Mageia/Mandriva/OpenMandriva Family⠀➾ # ⚓ PCLOS Official ☛ Quick_fix_for_Virtual_Box_and_Kernel 6.4.10⠀⇛ PCLinuxOS users: [root@AMD64 tex]# kwrite /opt/ VirtualBox/src/vboxhost/vboxnetflt/linux/ VBoxNetFlt-linux.c Change line 50 to:#if RTLNX_VER_MIN(6,4,10)Save the file Run[root@AMD64 tex]# /sbin/vboxconfig *Fixed* Reference: https:// www.virtualbox.org/ticket/21796 o § SUSE/OpenSUSE⠀➾ # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Oracle,_SUSE_and_others_caught_up_in_RHEL drama_hit_back_with_OpenELA⠀⇛ A non-profit called the Open Enterprise Linux Association (OpenELA) has been formed by Oracle, SUSE, CIQ, and other organizations that make Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) and CentOS rebuilds. The OpenELA homepage opens with some strong, even confrontational words: “No subscriptions. No passwords. No barriers. Freeloaders welcome.” That’s a reference to the drama around RHEL and the recently erected paywall around its source code. o § Fedora Family / IBM⠀➾ # ⚓ Red Hat Official ☛ 2023-08-10_[Older]_Simplify_workstation deployments_with_Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux⠀⇛ # ⚓ Red Hat Official ☛ 2023-08-10_[Older]_Persistent_volume support_with_peer-pods:_Solution_overview⠀⇛ # ⚓ !_Avi_Alkalay_¡:_Industrializing_Machine_Learning⠀⇛ Industrializing ML is about applying Software Engineering best practices to the whole AI modeling process since its first line of code. It is about Data Scientists focusing on math and stats at the same time that the AI artifact is casted as a software product aiming production environments. This is different from MLOps, which is commonly positioned as a mere wrapping activity that happens after and separated from AI modeling and before production. In the whole Industrialization practice, MLOps is a subset activity that happens in between, but quite apart, from both Data Scientists‘ work and the infrastructure. Industrializing Machine Learning contains MLOps, plus other concepts that are even more important. o § Canonical/Ubuntu Family⠀➾ # ⚓ It’s FOSS ☛ Ubuntu_23.10_to_Debut_a_New_‘Ubuntu_Store’ Based_on_Flutter⠀⇛ As things stand now, Canonical seems to be going full-steam ahead for integrating Flutter-based elements into Ubuntu. After the relatively recent release of Ubuntu 23.04, which saw the introduction of a Flutter- based installer, we now have another important utility of Ubuntu receiving the Flutter treatment; a new software store app. No, the software center is not going anywhere for now. Instead, Ubuntu will have a new store that will aim to act as an evolution of the classic software center and the community-built Flutter store. # ⚓ CNX Software ☛ ALFA_Network_HaLow-U_–_An_802.11ah_WiFi HaLow_USB_adapter_supporting_AP_and_STA_mode⠀⇛ When I was searching for a WiFi HaLow USB adapter, I did not expect to find a Linux-powered device, but that’s what the HaLow-U is since it runs OpenWrt on an NXP i.MX 6 processor and is configurable with the LuCi web interface based on the documentation provided on the Rokland website which does not seems specific to WiFi HaLow because they are using 802.11an at 5.825 GHz… ALFA Network has a documentation website, but the new USB adapter is nowhere to be found at the time of writing. # ⚓ Liliputing ☛ Blackberry_Pi_is_a_pocket-sized_device_that runs_a_full_Linux-based_OS⠀⇛ If you’re looking for a Linux-based handheld PC these days, there are plenty of off-the-shelf kits you can purchase. But if you’ve got the parts, desire and skill why not build something like the Blackberry Pi yourself? The device you see here started out as a Gameboy- inspired build, but maker IMBalENce had always wanted to create a cyberdeck-style device. After gathering up the spare parts and laying out a plan, the Blackberry Pi was born. It’s powered by a Raspberry Pi Zero W — which likely would have been replaced by a Pi Zero 2W were it not for supply constraints. Power is provided by a 2500mAh battery. An Adafruit 1000C PowerBoost charger keeps it topped off and a small 5V fan is installed atop a rear-facing vent just exhaust any unwanted heat (even if there’s not likely to be much). A Raspberry Pi camera NoIR v2.1 captures video and still images and the 3.5-inch 320 x 240 pixel LCD handles video output. o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾ # ⚓ CNX Software ☛ ArmSoM-p2_pro_is_a_compact_Rockchip3308B- S_SBC_for_headless_applications⠀⇛ ArmSoM claims Debian 11 and buildroot support with OS images and some documentation to get started provided in a Wiki. But there’s something odd on the bottom side of the board… I can see a “Bpi” (Banana Pi) logo, and the ArmSoM-p2 pro is actually the same board as the Banana BPI-P2 Pro introduced earlier this year. Further to this, they point out to SinoVoip (Banana Pi) store on Aliexpress to purchase the ArmSoM-p2 pro board, so I’d assume ArmSoM is either a subsidiary of Banana Pi or contracted by them to design some of their boards. Another interesting RK3308 board to point out, especially if you’d like an even smaller form factor, is the Radxa RockPi S SBC that was first unveiled in 2019 and is still sold today. o § Open Hardware/Modding⠀➾ # ⚓ Linux On Mobile ☛ 2023-08-12_[Older]_Weekly_GNU-like_Mobile Linux_Update_(32/2023):_Summer:_FrOSCon_slides_and_not_much more⠀⇛ # ⚓ Tom’s Hardware ☛ Raspberry_Pi_Pico_Monitors_Pellet_Smoker’s Hopper_Level_with_Web_App⠀⇛ SneakyPackets has created a Pico-powered pellet smoker hopper monitor complete with a handy web app for status information. # ⚓ Stacey on IoT ☛ Podcast:_How_Honeywell_is_approaching TinyML⠀⇛ This week we make a big announcement about the podcast and newsletter. Get ready! Then we talk about the issues with Matter and who’s to blame. We lay out the challenges that both we and The Verge have highlighted with Thread credentialing, and talk about uneven device support. o § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ The Verge ☛ Firefox’s_Android_app_is_getting_proper_support for_extensions_once_again_–_The_Verge⠀⇛ # ⚓ India Today ☛ Government_alerts_mobile_users,_issues_high risk_warning_for_Android_13_and_other_versions_–_India Today⠀⇛ # ⚓ SlashGear ☛ How_To_Add_New_Apps_To_Android_Auto⠀⇛ # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Firefox_desktop_extensions_to_run_on Android_browser_•_The_Register⠀⇛ * § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾ o ⚓ It’s FOSS ☛ 2023-08-10_[Older]_FOSS_Weekly_#23.32:_PDF_Editing, File_Search_Mastery,_Rhino_Linux_and_More⠀⇛ o § Events⠀➾ # ⚓ PostgreSQL ☛ Schedule_published_for_PGDay_UK_2023, September_12th,_London,_England⠀⇛ Join us on 12th September 2023 in Marylebone, London, for a day of talks on the World’s Most Advanced Open Source Database coupled with the usual valuable hallway track. This event is aimed at all users and developers of PostgreSQL and is your chance to meet and exchange ideas and knowledge with like-minded database fanatics in London. o § Programming/Development⠀➾ # ⚓ Dirk Eddelbuettel ☛ Dirk_Eddelbuettel:_#41:_Using_r2u_in Codespaces [Ed: So some Debian developers are now willing to shill proprietary traps of Microsoft]⠀⇛ Welcome to the 41th post in the $R^4 series. This post draws on joint experiments first started by Grant building on the lovely work Eitsupi as part of our Rocker_Project. In short, r2u is an ideal match for Codesspaces, a Microsoft/GitHub service to run code ‘locally but in the cloud’ via browser or Visual_Studio_Code. This posts co-serves as the README.md in the .devcontainer_directory as well as a vignette_for_r2u. o § Standards/Consortia⠀➾ # ⚓ Gizmodo ☛ 2023-08-09_[Older]_Saudi_Arabia_Passes_Law Requiring_USB-C_Charging_on_New_iPhones,_Androids,_and Laptops⠀⇛ * § Leftovers⠀➾ o ⚓ Ruben Schade ☛ Shareholder-in-charge⠀⇛ I got some spam earlier this week from a vendor inviting me to their tech conference in the US. Fronting this event was the company’s shareholder-in-chief, who’ll be giving a keynote presentation about nuanced, hyperdisruptive paradigm synergies, or something. Wait… what? o ⚓ Ruben Schade ☛ Three_legs⠀⇛ Have you ever wondered what it’d be like to have three legs? Tripods, and stools with three legs, are amazing. They passively balance, something that two and four legs can’t do. I’m typing this on a coffee shop table right now that’s rocking back and forward because one of the legs is too short. o § Education⠀➾ # ⚓ 2023-08-08_[Older]_No_university_in_Turkey_among_the_top 100_in_the_world⠀⇛ o § Hardware⠀➾ # ⚓ CNX Software ☛ Kontron_K3931-N_mITX_–_An_industrial_mini- ITX_motherboard_with_Intel_Alder_Lake_N-series_processor⠀⇛ Kontron K3931-N mITX is a  mini-ITX motherboard based on an Intel Core i3 or Processor Alder Lake N-Series processor designed for fanless industrial applications with features like TSN and wide 8V to 34V DC input, but still only operating in the 0 to 60°C temperature range. The motherboard supports up to 32GB DDR5 memory, SATA, M.2 NVMe and/or M.2 SATA storage, up to triple display setups, and offers dual Ethernet (GbE + 2.5GbE), plenty of USB interfaces,  five serial interfaces, as well as expansion through M.2 sockets, a PCIe slot, and a GPIO header. # ⚓ Jonathan Dowland ☛ Jonathan_Dowland:_Terrain_base_for_3D castle⠀⇛ I designed and printed a “terrain” base for my 3D castle in OpenSCAD. The castle was the first thing I designed and printed on our (then new) office 3D printer. I use it as a test bed if I want to try something new, and this time I wanted to try procedurally generating a model. I’ve released the OpenSCAD source for the terrain generator under the name Zarchscape. # ⚓ Tom’s Hardware ☛ Intel_Severs_NUC_Lineup_with_Slew_of Discontinuations⠀⇛ Following decision to withdraw from PC business, Intel EOLs six NUC models in one month. # ⚓ IT Wire ☛ TSMC_to_fork_out_€3.5b_for_first_European_fab_in Dresden⠀⇛ The globe’s biggest semiconductor fab, Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, has committed €3.5 billion (A$5.88 billion) towards setting up a chip factory in Dresden, Germany. # ⚓ Tom’s Hardware ☛ Intel_and_Lenovo_Develop_Future_of_PCs_in Shanghai⠀⇛ Intel and Lenovo team up to advance laptops hardware and software in Shanghai. o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾ # ⚓ The Atlantic ☛ Abortion_Is_Inflaming_the_GOP’s_Biggest Electoral_Problem⠀⇛ Ohio showed how abortion is weakening the Republican Party’s position in the nation’s largest metro areas. # ⚓ Gizmodo ☛ 2023-08-10_[Older]_Great,_Climate_Change_Will Even_Make_Food_Poisoning_Worse⠀⇛ # ⚓ ANF News ☛ 2023-08-11_[Older]_Turkey_bombs_water_supply network_in_a_village_of_Zirgan⠀⇛ # ⚓ ANF News ☛ 2023-08-08_[Older]_Nine_water_stations_in_Tabqa go_out_of_service_as_Turkey_uses_water_as_a_weapon_against Rojava⠀⇛ o § Proprietary/Artificial Intelligence (AI)⠀➾ # ⚓ Security Week ☛ Don’t_Expect_Quick_Fixes_in_‘Red-Teaming’ of_AI_Models._Security_Was_an_Afterthought⠀⇛ Security in current AI models was an afterthought in their training as data scientists amassed breathtakingly complex collections of images and text. # ⚓ Gizmodo ☛ 2023-08-11_[Older]_Sorry,_Chief,_Microsoft Cortana_Is_Finally_Dead⠀⇛ o § Security⠀➾ # ⚓ Make Use Of ☛ 2023-08-11_[Older]_The_4_Best_Open-Source Antivirus_Software_for_PC⠀⇛ # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ BBC ☛ Why_US_tech_giants_are_threatening_to_quit_the UK⠀⇛ The Online Safety Bill is due to pass in the autumn. Aimed at protecting children, it lays down strict rules around policing social media content, with high financial penalties and prison time for individual tech execs if the firms fail to comply. One clause that has proved particularly controversial is a proposal that encrypted messages, which includes those sent on WhatsApp, can be read and handed over to law enforcement by the platforms they are sent on, if there is deemed to be a national security or child protection risk. The NSPCC children’s charity has described encrypted messaging apps as the “front line” of where child abuse images are shared, but it is also seen as an essential security tool for activists, journalists and politicians. # ⚓ Engadget ☛ 2023-08-09_[Older]_Wall_Street_banks_fined $549_million_for_not_backing_up_messaging_app histories⠀⇛ # ⚓ The Verge ☛ 2023-08-10_[Older]_Banks_Fined_$549 Million_for_Conducting_Business_Via_iMessage,_Signal, and_WhatsApp⠀⇛ # ⚓ Help Net Security ☛ Macs_are_getting_compromised_to act_as_proxy_exit_nodes_–_Help_Net_Security⠀⇛ AdLoad malware has been observed delivering a new payload that enlists macOS systems into a residential proxy botnet. o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾ # ⚓ France24 ☛ UN_peacekeeping_mission_in_Mali_quits_base_early over_insecurity⠀⇛ The UN peacekeeping mission in Mali on Sunday said it had brought forward its withdrawal from a base in the north of the country due to deteriorating security conditions. # ⚓ 2023-08-10_[Older]_Assad_reiterates_won’t_meet_Erdoğan until_Turkey’s_‘complete_withdrawal’_from_Syria⠀⇛ # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ Convoy_of_Chinese_engineers_attacked in_Pakistan’s_Gwadar⠀⇛ Balochistan Liberation Army (BLA) separatists attacked a convoy carrying Chinese engineers to the Beijing-financed Gwadar Port in Pakistan’s southwest on Sunday, the group said. # ⚓ Mexico News Daily ☛ Govt_supports_releasing_Israel Vallarta,_held_17_years_without_trial⠀⇛ AMLO says his security cabinet supports releasing Vallarta to conclude his court proceedings outside prison, but lower courts ruled otherwise. # ⚓ France24 ☛ Gang_boss_who_threatened_slain_Ecuador_candidate transferred_to_max_security⠀⇛ Ecuador transferred a powerful gang leader, accused of threatening a presidential candidate before he was slain, to a maximum security prison via a massive military and police operation on Saturday, officials said. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Armenia_Asks_UN_Security_Council_To_Hold_Emergency Meeting_On_Nagorno-Karabakh⠀⇛ Armenia has asked the United Nations Security Council to hold an emergency meeting regarding the deteriorating humanitarian situation in Azerbaijan’s mostly Armenian-populated breakaway region of Nagorno-Karabakh. # ⚓ NYPost ☛ Ex-‘Family_Feud’_contestant_Timothy_Bliefnick,_who mocked_his_marriage_on_TV,_gets_life_in_prison_for_killing wife⠀⇛ Prosecutors said the killer — who taped the “Family Feud” episode in 2019 and got divorced two years later — even went on Google to research how to pull off the February slaying, including how to force open a window with a crowbar and police response time. # ⚓ JURIST ☛ New_India_Parliament_bills_will_overhaul_colonial- era_criminal_codes⠀⇛ India Minister of Home Affairs Amit Shah presented three landmark bills in India’s Parliament on Friday. The three bills would significantly shift Indian criminal law away from British colonial-era laws. The first of the three newly-introduced bills is the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, which seeks to replace the Indian Penal Code of 1860. # ⚓ The Atlantic ☛ America’s_Original_Gun_Control⠀⇛ Early in our history, firearms laws were everywhere. # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ Hong_Kong_‘strongly_rejects_and disapproves’_of_new_US_policy_to_limit_investment_in_China tech⠀⇛ The Hong Kong government has said it “strongly rejects and disapproves” of a new US policy to limit investment in Chinese technology. # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ China_intelligence_agency_uncovers CIA_espionage_case_involving_Chinese_national⠀⇛ China on Friday said it had recently uncovered a US Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) “case of espionage” involving a Chinese national named Zeng who provided “core secret information” for money. # ⚓ The_UK_and_Turkey_to_establish_a_police_center_for ‘combating_illegal_migration’⠀⇛ The agreement involves enhanced cooperation and intelligence sharing between law enforcement agencies in the UK and Turkey on the issue of illegal migration. # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2023-08-06_[Older]_Saudi_Arabia in_Pact_With_Turkey’s_Baykar_Tech_to_Localise_Drone Manufacturing⠀⇛ # ⚓ Case_against_Turkey_at_the_UN_over_airstrikes_on_hospital in_Sinjar_killing_eight_in_2021⠀⇛ “Turkey has long enjoyed impunity and the international community’s silence for targeting non-Turkish nationals outside its territories on the pretense of targeting terrorists,” said Aarif Abraham, the director of the Accountability Unit, a human rights NGO in the UK. # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ 2023-08-11_[Older]_The_Nuclear_Apple⠀⇛ o § Transparency/Investigative Reporting⠀➾ # ⚓ Reason ☛ Federal_Judge_Strikes_Down_Arizona_Law_Limiting Ability_To_Record_Police⠀⇛ Both the state attorney general and the state legislature declined to defend the law in court after the ACLU of Arizona and news media organizations sued to overturn it. o § Environment⠀➾ # ⚓ Axios ☛ The_fastest-growing_U.S._cities_are_roasting_in extreme_heat⠀⇛ The millions of Americans who migrated_to_the Sunbelt over the past decade are now stuck in the middle of this summer’s brutal and record-breaking heat_wave. Why it matters: The country’s fastest-growing region is enduring some of the highest temperatures in the U.S., threatening the health of some of America’s most vulnerable people and billions in economic activity. # ⚓ uni Michigan ☛ 2023-08-10_[Older]_Climate_change_of_mind⠀⇛ # § Energy/Transportation⠀➾ # ⚓ Barry Kauler ☛ Experiments_with_an_alcohol_stove⠀⇛ Several days ago, I posted some thoughts about alcohol stove design: https://bkhome.org/news/202308/some-thoughts- about-alcohol-stove-design.html So, considered testing with the combined Speedster burner and Packafeather adjustable stove. Also, I wondered how close the windshield could be to the pot and still draw the fumes upward ok. So, I constructed an aluminium windshield tube, with brackets inside to hold a grill, on which the pot will sit. The gap between pot and innner-side of windhield is only 5mm (using my TOAKS 1000ml titanium pot). The aluminium sheet is 0.5mm thick. # ⚓ Federal News Network ☛ Judge_sends_FTX_founder_Sam Bankman-Fried_to_jail,_says_crypto_mogul_tampered_with witnesses⠀⇛ FTX founder Sam Bankman-Fried has been sent to jail after a bail hearing in New York City. Federal Judge Lewis A. Kaplan issued the order Friday, saying there was probable cause that Bankman-Fried had tried to tamper with two key witnesses against him and maybe others. Bankman-Fried was taken from a courtroom in handcuffs. Prosecutors had pushed for his incarceration. His lawyers insisted he shouldn’t be jailed for trying to protect his reputation. The 31-year-old onetime crypto whiz had been living at his parent’s California home since his December extradition from the Bahamas. He was staying at home to comply with a $250 million bail package severely restricting his internet and phone usage. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Wisk_and_Archer_Will_Collaborate_on Air_Taxis_and_End_Legal_Fight⠀⇛ Wisk Aero, owned by Boeing, entered a financial and technological partnership with Archer Aviation and dropped a lawsuit claiming theft of trade secrets. # ⚓ CBC ☛ 2023-08-10_[Older]_Family_ditches_electric truck_on_drive_from_Winnipeg_to_Chicago_after_charging troubles⠀⇛ # ⚓ Gannett ☛ 2023-08-10_[Older]_Whitmer_administration backs_Dems’_100%_carbon-free_energy_goal⠀⇛ # ⚓ NL Times ☛ 2023-08-10_[Older]_Energy_prices_could climb_again_if_winter_is_cold,_power_company_warns⠀⇛ # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2023-08-08_[Older]_French_power shift:_green_energy_co-op_takes_on_fossil_fuels⠀⇛ # § Wildlife/Nature⠀➾ # ⚓ Axios ☛ What_to_know_about_Hawaii’s_worst-ever wildfires⠀⇛ Authorities in Hawaii are still searching for survivors of this week’s destructive wildfires, which killed at_least_93 and injured dozens of others on Maui Island. Officials expect the death toll to rise. # ⚓ The Atlantic ☛ Owls_Aren’t_That_Smart⠀⇛ But they have uncanny powers. o § Finance⠀➾ # ⚓ Reason ☛ Biden’s_New_‘Prevailing_Wage’_Rule_Will_Cost Taxpayers,_Benefit_Unions,_and_Hike_Inflation⠀⇛ The Labor Department is officially undoing changes made to help combat inflation in the 1980s. # ⚓ IT Wire ☛ 2023-08-06_[Older]_Apple’s_revenue_drops,_but profit_rises_in_third_fiscal_quarter⠀⇛ # ⚓ 2023-08-11_[Older]_Turkey’s_broad_unemployment_rate surpasses_24%_in_June⠀⇛ # ⚓ teleSUR ☛ England:_Junior_Doctors_Launch_Fresh_Industrial Action_Over_Pay⠀⇛ The UK has been in the grip of high inflation for over a year. Its consumer price index rose by 7.9 percent in the 12 months to June. # ⚓ Quartz ☛ Increasing_US_housing_costs_are_stopping_inflation from_falling_faster⠀⇛ US inflation moved up by 0.2% from June to July, a moderate pace that economists had expected. On a 12-month basis, the consumer price index moved up by 3.2% versus 3% the month prior, according to data from the US Labor Department. # ⚓ Federal News Network ☛ Stock_market_today:_Wall_Street opens_lower_after_pickup_in_wholesale_inflation⠀⇛ Stocks are opening lower on Wall Street, keeping the market on track for its second losing week in a row. The early weakness Friday came after the government reported a slight increase in inflation in wholesale prices last month, indicating that the Federal Reserve’s work on bringing inflation to heel isn’t done. The S&P 500 was down 0.4% in the first few minutes of trading. The Dow was off 30 points, just less than 0.1%. The Nasdaq composite fell 0.6%. Big tech companies were among the biggest losers in the early going. Chipmaker Advanced Micro Devices fell 2.5%. # ⚓ Federal News Network ☛ Wholesale_inflation_in_US_edged_up in_July_from_low_levels⠀⇛ Wholesale prices in the United States picked up slightly in July yet still suggested that inflationary pressures have eased this year since reaching alarming heights in 2022. The producer price index — which measures inflation before it hits consumers— rose 0.8% last month from July 2022. The latest figure followed a 0.2% year-over- year increase in June, which had been the smallest annual rise since August 2020. On a month-to-month basis, producer prices rose 0.3% from June to July, up from no change from May to June. The producer price figures can provide an early sign of how fast consumer inflation will rise in the coming months. # ⚓ Mexico News Daily ☛ Mexico’s_central_bank_keeps_interest rate_at_11.25%⠀⇛ The Bank of Mexico’s governing board decided unanimously to maintain the high interest rate in order to put downward pressure on inflation. # ⚓ Atlantic Council ☛ Can_IRA_spending_really_throttle_energy inflation?⠀⇛ Expanding the federal deficit risks exacerbating inflation, regardless of the long-run cost savings wise energy investments could bring. # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ Hong_Kong_domestic_worker_groups call_for_minimum_wage_hike_ahead_of_annual_review⠀⇛ Domestic worker unions in Hong Kong have urged authorities to raise their minimum monthly wage to more than HK$6,000, citing their contributions to society and rising inflation. # ⚓ New Yorker ☛ [Satire]_Clarence_Thomas_Hikes_Price_of Supreme_Court_Decisions_to_Keep_Pace_with_Inflation⠀⇛ “Sadly, the days of shredding civil rights in exchange for ten private-jet flights are over,” the Justice told donors. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ China_floods_hit_rice,_corn_crops_and trigger_food_inflation_worries⠀⇛ The hit to China’s cereal crops comes as consumers worldwide face tightening food supplies. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Subway_India_stops_free_cheese_slice option,_offers_sauce_instead_as_inflation_bites⠀⇛ Global fast-food chains in India are under pressure to trim costs while keeping customers satisfied. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Rising_rice_prices_in_Philippines_fuel food_inflation_concerns⠀⇛ There is growing pressure on the country to rapidly increase its stockpile. # ⚓ Federal News Network ☛ US_inflation_rises_for_the_first time_in_a_year_to_3.2%_rate,_but_underlying_measures_remain mild⠀⇛ Inflation in the United States rose in July after 12 straight months of declines, boosted by costlier housing. But excluding volatile food and energy prices, so-called core inflation rose just 0.2% from June, matching the smallest monthly increase in nearly two years. The inflation figure the government reported Thursday showed that consumer prices increased 3.2% from a year earlier. That was up from a 3% annual rise in June, which was the lowest rate in more than two years. The July inflation figure remained far below last year’s peak of 9.1%, though still above the Federal Reserve’s 2% target. # ⚓ The Age AU ☛ 2023-08-09_[Older]_CBA_defends_profits_amid signs_of_increasing_financial_stress⠀⇛ # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2023-08-12_[Older]_Brazil:_Bolsonaro_being probed_in_Saudi_gift_graft_case⠀⇛ # ⚓ Jacobin Magazine ☛ 2023-08-11_[Older]_The_Premier League’s_Liverpool_FC_Is_at_Risk_of_Abandoning_Its Working-Class_Roots⠀⇛ # ⚓ International Business Times ☛ 2023-08-07_[Older]_Saudi Arabia_targets_Liverpool_star_Mohamed_Salah⠀⇛ # ⚓ Modern Diplomacy ☛ 2023-08-06_[Older]_Saudi_soccer:_A_game of_geopolitics_and_religion,_not_just_sports⠀⇛ # ⚓ International Business Times ☛ 2023-08-10_[Older]_Premier League_chief_insists_Saudi_Arabia_is_not_a_threat⠀⇛ o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾ # ⚓ The Age AU ☛ 2023-08-07_[Older]_‘Attenzione_pickpocket!’: Italian_TikTok_sensation’s_far-right_link_draws_scrutiny⠀⇛ # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2023-08-08_[Older]_Trump_argues_protection order_would_violate_his_free_speech⠀⇛ # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2023-08-07_[Older]_Trump_Argues Proposed_Limits_on_2020_Election_Case_Evidence_Violate_Free Speech⠀⇛ # ⚓ Jacobin Magazine ☛ 2023-08-10_[Older]_France’s_Illiberal Turn_Has_Emboldened_Its_Right-Wing_Police⠀⇛ o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾ # ⚓ JURIST ☛ India_Supreme_Court_calls_for_harmony,_condemns hate_speech_amid_Haryana_unrest⠀⇛ India’s Supreme Court took a firm stance on Thursday in response to the unfolding economic boycott targeting Muslims in the troubled regions of Nuh and Gurugram within Haryana, terming it ‘unacceptable.’ Concurrently, the Court suggested the establishment of a committee, led by the Director General of Police (DGP), to investigate cases… # ⚓ YLE ☛ Finns_Party_officially_endorses_Jussi_Halla-aho_for president⠀⇛ Speaker of Parliament Jussi Halla-aho (Finns) took a strong stance against the media and left-wing parties in his endorsement speech. # ⚓ Reason ☛ Political_Activist_Brandon_Straka_Loses_Jan.-6- Related_Libel_Lawsuit_Against_NBC⠀⇛ “The material challenged in the plaintiff’s complaint cannot be understood by a reasonable person as anything but substantially, if not literally, true.” # ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ Good_Vibes_Festival_Seeks_Legal_Action Against_The_1975_Over_Forced_Cancellation⠀⇛ Following the government-mandated shutdown of the Good Vibes Festival in Malaysia, organizers are seeking legal action against The 1975 and Matty Healy. Matty Healy took to the stage on July 21 to criticize the organizers for inviting the band to a country that has strict laws against homosexuality. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Iran’s_Judiciary_Says_Satirist_Missing_Nearly_Two Weeks_Released_On_Bail⠀⇛ Iran’s judiciary has announced the release on bail of Shaker Buri more than a week after the Instagram satirist and humorist went missing after visiting an intelligence office of the powerful Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC) in the southwestern city of Abadan. o § Freedom of Information / Freedom of the Press⠀➾ # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Jailed_Kazakh_Journalist_Won’t_Be_Transferred_To Almaty_Despite_Protests⠀⇛ Jailed Kazakh journalist Duman Mukhammedkarim, who has been on a hunger strike since July 5, will not be transferred from a pretrial detention center in Taldyqorghan to Almaty despite ongoing protests by his supporters. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Police_Raid_Kansas_Newspaper_Office⠀⇛ The search of Marion County Record’s office led to the seizure of computers, servers and cellphones of reporters and editors. o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾ # ⚓ ANF News ☛ 2023-08-11_[Older]_Bitter_exploitation_of seasonal_workers_in_Turkey⠀⇛ # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Hollywood_Strikes_Mean_Steady_Diet_of Reruns,_Game_Shows_and_Reality_TV⠀⇛ TV viewers across the U.S. will see fewer new scripted shows, a trend that could continue well into next year if the walkouts continue. # ⚓ CBC ☛ 2023-08-10_[Older]_Cases_dropped_against_146_Fairy Creek_protesters_over_RCMP’s_failure_to_read_full_injunction at_arrests⠀⇛ # ⚓ NYPost ☛ ‘Jeopardy!’_fans_afraid_new_season_40_episodes won’t_happen_due_to_WGA_writers_strike⠀⇛ Fans are worried as the 39th season of the historic game show “Jeopardy!” comes to a close on July 28th, with the fate of the 40th season still unclear. # ⚓ Mexico News Daily ☛ Mexico:_USMCA_not_applicable_in_Grupo México_mine_labor_dispute⠀⇛ After a U.S. request that Mexico review a miners’ strike in Zacatecas, officials said it pre-dates the USMCA and will be handled domestically. # ⚓ Construction_workers_from_Turkey_on_strike_in_Tanzania⠀⇛ The workers employed by the construction company Yapı Merkezi in a railway project in Tanzania, who haven’t received their wages for seven months, say that they will resume work if four months’ worth of salaries are paid and a promise of regular payments is made. # ⚓ France24 ☛ Emmy_Awards_postponed_for_four_months_due_to Hollywood_strikes⠀⇛ The Emmy Awards have been postponed by almost four months, organizers said Thursday, as crippling strikes by Hollywood’s actors and writers drag on with no resolution in sight. # ⚓ France24 ☛ French_journalists_end_40-day_strike_as_far- right_editor_takes_helm_at_Sunday_paper⠀⇛ Journalists at France’s sole dedicated Sunday newspaper announced on Tuesday they were halting one of the longest strikes in the recent history of French media, on the day a controversial editor aligned with the far right took up his post as editor in chief. # ⚓ France24 ☛ Hollywood_actors_join_screenwriters_in_historic industry-stopping_strike⠀⇛ Leaders of a Hollywood’s actors union voted Thursday to join screenwriters in the first joint strike in more than six decades, shutting down production across the entertainment industry after talks for a new contract with the studios and streaming services broke down. # ⚓ France24 ☛ Hollywood_studios_racing_to_avoid_actors’ strike⠀⇛ Hollywood actors on Wednesday anxiously awaited their union’s decision on whether to strike, right at the peak of the summer blockbuster season, as last-ditch talks with studios appeared to sour. # ⚓ TwinCities Pioneer Press ☛ Hollywood_actors_join screenwriters_in_historic_industry-stopping_strike_as contract_talks_collapse⠀⇛ Actors will join screenwriters in a combined strike that will have huge consequences for Hollywood. Leaders of SAG-AFTRA, the union that represents the actors, voted Thursday to strike after contract talks collapsed with the studios and streaming services that hire them. It’s the first time actors from film and television shows have gone on strike since 1980. And the first time both actors and writers have been on strike since 1960. Industry leaders expressed disappointment in a walkout they said comes at the worst possible time. The group representing studios and streaming services said early Thursday that the actors’ decision to end negotiations was their choice and will hurt thousands financially. # ⚓ CS Monitor ☛ Hollywood_strikes_an_opening_chord_for_unity⠀⇛ Writers and studios are starting to talk again. They may script new bonds of honesty in business and appreciation for the unlimited range of human creativity. # ⚓ Press Gazette ☛ National_World_considers_bid_for_Telegraph Media_Group_as_NUJ_ballots_journalists_over_strike_action⠀⇛ National World’s strategy is “rooted in actively exploring opportunities” for acquisitions. # ⚓ Sputnik_lays_off_23_unionized_employees_after_decision_for strike_action⠀⇛ Atilla Güner, the presenter of the “Evening News” on Radio Sputnik, also announced that he was dismissed due to “downsizing.” “Many union members are being laid off at the moment,” Güner said. # ⚓ Quartz ☛ Striking_city_workers_are_“shutting_down”_Los Angeles⠀⇛ City workers in Los Angeles are_going_on_strike today (Aug. 8) citing unfair labor practices, in a move that threatens to strangle or shut down many of the city’s operations. # ⚓ CS Monitor ☛ Hollywood_is_still_on_strike,_so_why_are_some movies_being_made?⠀⇛ Although the actors and writers strikes have shut down nearly all Hollywood films from major production companies, some independent productions are being granted union waivers to continue. The move has proved confusing and divisive to those on picket lines. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Iranian_Kurdish_Political_Prisoner_Goes_On_Hunger Strike,_Sews_Lips_Shut⠀⇛ Soheila Mohammadi, an Iranian Kurdish political prisoner held at Urmia central prison in northwestern Iran, has gone on hunger strike and sewn her lips shut, a human rights watchdog said. # ⚓ The Kent Stater ☛ Kent_Starbucks_allegedly_told_to_remove Pride_décor_amid_company’s_strike_over_LGBTQ_decorations⠀⇛ Those who often visit the Kent Starbucks on Main Street may notice a change in the coffee shop decor. The pride flag which was displayed on the wall since June of 2022 has been taken down. # ⚓ The Kent Stater ☛ OPINION:_You_don’t_have_to_have_it_all figured_out⠀⇛ In roughly three hundred and one days, I’ll be a college graduate. I’ll walk across the stage, shake the hand of the Dean and my academic career will come to an end. And I have no idea where I’ll go from there. Up until now, my life has been highly structured. # ⚓ Quartz ☛ Etsy_is_scrambling_to_avert_a_widespread_sellers’ strike⠀⇛ An Etsy boycott initiated by UK-based sellers over its payment system has gotten the American company’s attention. Etsy addressed criticism of its policy in a blog post on Aug. 1, and promised to “substantially” decrease the amount of funds held in reserve. # ⚓ The Atlantic ☛ America_Is_Drowning_in_Packages⠀⇛ UPS workers have an impossible job in the Amazon age. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Inside_Starbucks’_Dirty_War_Against Organized_Labor⠀⇛ As strikes explode across America, the coffee chain’s story holds a lesson on how to fight — and how the bosses fight dirty. # ⚓ The Atlantic ☛ What_Happens_If_UPS_Goes_on_Strike⠀⇛ Americans rely on delivery workers—and come August, hundreds of thousands of UPS workers could walk off the job. # ⚓ Quartz ☛ Time_is_running_out_to_avoid_an_actors’_strike_in Hollywood⠀⇛ The Screen Actors Guild—American Federation of Television and Radio Artists (SAG-AFTRA) agreed to a “last-minute request” to work with a federal mediator in contract negotiations with film and TV studios yesterday (July 11). The deadline to reach a fair deal remains unchanged at 11:59pm Pacific Time today (July 12). # ⚓ teleSUR ☛ Chile:_Teachers_Report_a_90_Percent_Compliance_in the_Strike⠀⇛ “…today culminated the second stage of 48 hours in which the teachers were clear in expressing their disagreement…” # ⚓ Antalya_prisoner_launches_hunger_strike_after_alleged severe_torture⠀⇛ Burhan Batur claims had been been subjected to torture, including being “hogtied.” # ⚓ New York Times ☛ To_Keep_TV_Shows_Afloat,_Some_Networks_Are Cutting_Actors’_Pay⠀⇛ In a shrinking business, actors on some shows are being guaranteed less money, an issue that’s helping to fuel the Hollywood strike. # ⚓ New Yorker ☛ Hollywood’s_Slo-Mo_Self-Sabotage⠀⇛ Since the streaming era, movies and television feel less special, labor conditions have plummeted, and turbulent mergers and layoffs call into question which legendary institutions will still stand in another ten or twenty years. # ⚓ NYPost ☛ Fox_likely_to_push_Emmys_to_January_due_to_actors, writers_strikes:_reports⠀⇛ Fox is expected to announce soon that television’s Emmys will be rescheduled to air in January next year due to strikes by writers and actors in the United States, the Los Angeles Times reported on Thursday, citing a person familiar with the plans. # ⚓ New Yorker ☛ How_UPS_and_the_Teamsters_Staved_Off_a Strike—for_Now⠀⇛ With work stoppages under way or looming in a variety of industries, is the U.S. in the midst of a “hot labor summer”? # ⚓ New Yorker ☛ The_Historic_Battles_of_“Hot_Labor_Summer”⠀⇛ E. Tammy Kim discusses today’s big stories of workers fighting back: the Hollywood strikes, the UPS tentative agreement, and the United Auto Workers’ expiring contract. # ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ Snoop_Dogg_Cancels_Hollywood_Bowl Concerts_in_Solidarity_with_WGA/SAG-AFTRA_Strikes⠀⇛ Snoop Dogg is canceling his upcoming 30th- anniversary Hollywood Bowl show to stand in solidarity with the WGA and SAG-AFTRA strikes.  Previously the rapper postponed his plans to celebrate the 30th anniversary of his album Doggystyle with two concerts at the Hollywood Bowl. # ⚓ teleSUR ☛ Chilean_Teachers_Association_Calls_for_24-Hour Strike⠀⇛ “…the teachers will concentrate in the Plaza de la Dignidad…” # ⚓ teleSUR ☛ UPS_Avoids_a_Strike_by_Reaching_an_Agreement_With Teamsters⠀⇛ “This contract sets a new standard in the labor movement and raises the bar for all workers,” Teamsters president said. # ⚓ Vice Media Group ☛ Teamsters_UPS_Union_Wins_Historic Contract,_Likely_Avoiding_Gigantic_Strike⠀⇛ “The overwhelmingly lucrative contract raises wages for all workers, creates more full-time jobs, and includes dozens of workplace protections and improvements.” # ⚓ CS Monitor ☛ UPS_strikes_historic_union_deal,_averting nationwide_disruption⠀⇛ UPS agreed on a contract with its 340,000-member union, preventing a potential nationwide logistics disruption. This “historic” and highly beneficial deal increases part-time starting pay and ensures safety improvements. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Hollywood_Strike_Leaves_Influencers Sidelined_and_Confused⠀⇛ Despite not being in the actors’ union, many content creators are passing up deals to promote films or TV shows because they don’t want to be barred from the guild or face online vitriol. # ⚓ Vice Media Group ☛ CYBER:_Adam_Conover_On_the_Hollywood Strike⠀⇛ Actors and writers are on strike because they were left behind by the streaming revolution and AI is poised to disrupt their professions. # ⚓ CS Monitor ☛ UPS_negotiations_resume_but_may_end_in_strike. What’s_at_stake?⠀⇛ Negotiations between UPS and its unionized workers are set to resume Tuesday before their contract expires on July 31. If a new contract is not agreed upon, the workers will strike, slowing supply chains and possibly provoking government intervention. # ⚓ NYPost ☛ Daniel_Radcliffe,_girlfriend_Erin_Darke_bring newborn_baby_to_SAG-AFTRA_picket_line_in_NYC⠀⇛ The “Harry Potter” actor, 33, was seen cradling his 4-month-old son as the couple joined other SAG- AFTRA union members striking in New York City on Friday. # ⚓ Quartz ☛ Broadway_actors_narrowly_avoided_a_strike_after workers_reached_a_deal_with_producers⠀⇛ A preliminary deal was struck between a union representing theater workers on Broadway and a number of organizations representing management—including Disney theatrical, a major subsidiary of the media conglomerate—on Thursday (July 20). # ⚓ New York Times ☛ With_Hollywood_on_Strike,_a_Bright_Spot_in New_York’s_Economy_Goes_Dark⠀⇛ Tens of thousands of behind-the-scenes workers, in solidarity with striking actors and writers, are bracing for what could be a monthslong standoff with the studios. # ⚓ The Atlantic ☛ I_Am_a_Joke_Machine⠀⇛ This late-night comedy writer just wants to be loved. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Is_It_OK_to_Go_to_the_Movies_During_the Hollywood_Strikes?⠀⇛ People sympathetic with the strikers may be concerned, but the actors’ and writers’ unions say it’s OK to go to the movies and use streaming services. # ⚓ The Atlantic ☛ [Old]_How_Hollywood’s_Businessmen_Got_It_So Wrong⠀⇛ A conversation with Xochitl Gonzalez about who really broke the entertainment industry # ⚓ Reason ☛ Alleged_“Psychic_Intuition”_Isn’t_Enough_to_Make_a Federal_Claim_“Plausible”_Enough_to_Withstand_Dismissal⠀⇛ An allegedly psychic “Internet sleuth” alleged a professor was involved in the University of Idaho student murders; the professor sued; then the “sleuth” countersued. # ⚓ CS Monitor ☛ AI,_residuals,_and_lack_of_trust._Can Hollywood_find_a_happy_ending?⠀⇛ What led to the first double strike of actors and writers in more than 60 years? Both sides point to a business model under severe strain even before the pandemic and a breakdown in trust. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Iran_Arrests_Nine_Bahai’s_Over_Corruption_Charges⠀⇛ Iranian authorities on August 13 arrested nine followers of the Baha’i faith over a host of corruption charges including money laundering and tax evasion, the Intelligence Ministry said. o § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾ # ⚓ Internet Society ☛ Encryption,_Bad_Bills,_and_Ripple Effects:_How_Riana_Pfefferkorn_Protects_the_Internet⠀⇛ We spoke with Riana Pfefferkorn, research scholar at the Stanford Internet Observatory, about encryption and protecting the Internet. # ⚓ Engadget ☛ 2023-08-10_[Older]_YouTube_is_deactivating_links in_Shorts_videos_to_combat_spam [Ed: "Shorts" have already ruined quality in the platform regardless]⠀⇛ # ⚓ Engadget ☛ 2023-08-08_[Older]_YouTube_will_show_a minimalist_home_page_if_your_watch_history_is_turned_off⠀⇛ # ⚓ Engadget ☛ 2023-08-07_[Older]_MrBeast’s_burger_company countersues_the_YouTube_megastar_for_over_$100_million⠀⇛ o § Monopolies⠀➾ # ⚓ CBC ☛ 2023-08-09_[Older]_B.C._woman_buried_in_Amazon packages_she_did_not_ask_for_and_does_not_want⠀⇛ # ⚓ Engadget ☛ 2023-08-09_[Older]_Epic_loses_bid_to_make_Apple change_its_App_Store_payment_rules_right_now⠀⇛ # ⚓ Gizmodo ☛ 2023-08-09_[Older]_Epic_Games_Loses_Supreme_Court Appeal_to_Force_Apple_to_Change_App_Store_Right_Now⠀⇛ # § Patents⠀➾ # ⚓ 2023-08-11_[Older]_In_re_Theripion_(Fed._Cir._2023)⠀⇛ # ⚓ 2023-08-07_[Older]_Federal_Circuit_Special_Committee Recommends_One-Year_Suspension_of_Judge_Newman [Ed: Suspending patent maximalists in a court for being allegedly senile]⠀⇛ # ⚓ Dennis Crouch/Patently-O ☛ ApoA1-Fc_Fusion_Proteins: Federal_Circuit_keeps_Patent_Hopes_Alive,_Holding_that the_USPTO_Must_Explain_its_Decisions⠀⇛ ApoA1 is a key component of HDL, also known as “good cholesterol.” The founders of Therapin created a synthetic “fusion protean” of ApoA1 linked to the Fc portion of an antibody (the stem).  That fusion extends the half-life of injected HDL and allows it to be a better potential drug treatment. The claims require a specific linker protein of 10-40 amino acids between the ApoA1 and Fc portions. Theripion discovered that this longer linker improved cholesterol efflux activity compared to fusion proteins having shorter 2 amino acid linkers or no linker.  So the essence of the invention as claimed is an ApoA1-Fc fusion protein with an optimized 10-40 amino acid linker that enhances the fusion protein’s ability to remove cholesterol from cells as compared to a much shorter or absent amino acid linker.  To be clear, the prior art (including some work by the inventors here) had created ApoA1-Fc fusions, but with a short linkage. And, various types of connectors of the claimed length were also known. # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2023-08-11_[Older]_Caltech Reaches_‘Potential_Settlement’_in_Apple,_Broadcom Patent_Case⠀⇛ # ⚓ IT Wire ☛ Panasonic_sues_Oppo,_Xiaomi_over_some_4G patents⠀⇛ Panasonic said it had undertaken negotiations with the two Chinese companies for a number of years but had reached no resolution on the issue. The statement said: “Panasonic is a recognised technical contributor to the WCDMA and LTE standards and holds substantial SEPs resulting from its contributions. {loadposition sam08}”Through good-faith bilateral discussions, Panasonic has successfully concluded licences with companies that compete globally with Xiaomi and Oppo. “These licences enable Panasonic to sustain its global research initiatives to improve quality of life and to advance society, the foundational purposes that drive its corporate missions.” It said this was the first time it had found it necessary to launch actions over its cellular communications SEPs. # § Copyrights⠀➾ # ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ CAA_Reportedly_Prepping_Layoffs Across_Multiple_Departments⠀⇛ Creative Artists Agency is prepping a round of layoffs to reduce staff numbers as the Hollywood strikes wear on. According to reports, around 60 people will be impacted across the agency. Layoffs are targeted for August 15, but could happen any time within the next few days as the news makes its rounds, sources report. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ The_Case_of_the_Internet_Archive_vs. Book_Publishers⠀⇛ In the pandemic emergency, Brewster Kahle’s Internet Archive freely lent out digital scans of its library. Publishers sued. Owning a book means something different now. # ⚓ CBC ☛ 2023-08-08_[Older]_CBC,_media_groups_ask Competition_Bureau_to_investigate_Meta’s_move_to_block news_in_Canada⠀⇛ # ⚓ CBC ☛ 2023-08-10_[Older]_No_joke:_Satirical_websites get_caught_up_in_Meta’s_quest_to_block_news_in_Canada⠀⇛ # ⚓ CBC ☛ 2023-08-10_[Older]_Meta_blocking_news:_Why Australia’s_deal_couldn’t_work_in_Canada⠀⇛ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 4012 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.14.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Gemini_Links_14/08/2023:_Refurbishing_Bikes_and_Why_MorphOS_is_Gorgeous⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 12:19 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * Gemini*_and_Gopher o Personal/Opinions o Technology_and_Free_Software # Internet/Gemini * § Gemini* and Gopher⠀➾ o § Personal/Opinions⠀➾ # ⚓ 🔤SpellBinding:_AELRTWZ_Wordo:_PAWNS⠀⇛ # ⚓ Francesco_Turco’s_Gemini_capsule:_The_Minimalist_Vegan_(by Michael_Ofei_and_Maša_Ofei)⠀⇛ # ⚓ Refurbishing_my_bike⠀⇛ I have had this bike since spring 2013, over ten years. It is a Raleigh frame, and although the serial number on the base of the bottom bracket is partially obscured by the cable guide (which is riveted in place!), it seems that it was probably built somewhere around 1983. I bought it in Edinburgh from someone who said they had done it up as a hobby project. They had replaced the brakes, brake cables, cable housing, brake calipers, bar tape and rear derailleur, and generally given it a service. I reckon everything else was original. I wonder if they also painted it, because the Raleigh logo which is normally on the bottom tube was gone. o § Technology and Free Software⠀➾ # ⚓ MorphOS_is_gorgeous⠀⇛ Yeah, it’s a strong statement. But let me explain: I installed about MorphOS about two months ago on my old Apple Mac Mini G4. It was my first real touch point with Amiga OS (alikes) besides some gaming with UAE. Most people seem to only play old beloved games via emulators and never use a Amiga for more. But the (recent) “Amigas” with Amiga OS 4 and MorphOS are much more. You can login into your Linux/Unix systems via SSH, do some light (b/c of the old/slow hardware) web browsing, listen to music, create music (=> trackers!), write texts, chat via IRC or XMPP, develop great cross platform applications (Hollywood!), connect to your NAS and stream music, videos, … All in all you can do much of the stuff you do on your modern systems – but with UX/UI concepts of an era desktop compuing wasn’t such bloaded and mobile focused it is today. Real window borders for example, skinable user interface – even for each application seperate with MUI – and it’s all extremely fast (besides the web browsing). # § Internet/Gemini⠀➾ # ⚓ hosting_a_gemini_capsule⠀⇛ today someone told me they have a html/cgi hosting, and they pay $8 for it. asked if they can host gemini. i said: no, you need a host. you need a console. to setup own server. now i think, hmmm, is it possible to write a cgi program that when started will enter a loop and open a socket on 1965? then it will serve some .gmi files uploaded to web root. will http server allow cgi program to open a socket and practically become a server on its own? =============================================================================== * Gemini_(Primer) links can be opened using Gemini_software. It’s like the World Wide Web but a lot lighter. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 4131 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.14.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Links_14/08/2023:_GNU/Linux’s_Firefox_Problem_and_MX_Linux_Reviewed⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 2:52 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * GNU/Linux o Desktop/Laptop o Server o Audiocasts/Shows o Kernel_Space o Applications o Instructionals/Technical * Distributions_and_Operating_Systems o Reviews o BSD o SUSE/OpenSUSE o Open_Hardware/Modding * Free,_Libre,_and_Open_Source_Software o Web_Browsers/Web_Servers # Mozilla o SaaS/Back_End/Databases o Programming/Development # Shell/Bash/Zsh/Ksh * Leftovers o Science o Education o Hardware o Health/Nutrition/Agriculture o Proprietary/Artificial_Intelligence_(AI) o Security # Privacy/Surveillance o Defence/Aggression o Transparency/Investigative_Reporting o Environment # Energy/Transportation o Finance o AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics o Censorship/Free_Speech o Freedom_of_Information_/_Freedom_of_the_Press o Civil_Rights/Policing o Internet_Policy/Net_Neutrality o Monopolies # Copyrights * Gemini*_and_Gopher o Technology_and_Free_Software # Internet/Gemini * § GNU/Linux⠀➾ o § Desktop/Laptop⠀➾ # ⚓ Slashdot ☛ Should_There_Be_an_‘Official’_Version_of_Linux? [Ed: There is already just one official version of Linux and it's at kernel.org]⠀⇛ o § Server⠀➾ # ⚓ Kubernetes Blog ☛ Spotlight_on_SIG_ContribEx⠀⇛ Welcome to the world of Kubernetes and its vibrant contributor community! In this blog post, we’ll be shining a spotlight on the Special Interest Group for Contributor Experience (SIG ContribEx), an essential component of the Kubernetes project. SIG ContribEx in Kubernetes is responsible for developing and maintaining a healthy and productive community of contributors to the project. This involves identifying and addressing bottlenecks that may hinder the project’s growth and feature velocity, such as pull request latency and the number of open pull requests and issues. SIG ContribEx works to improve the overall contributor experience by creating and maintaining guidelines, tools, and processes that facilitate collaboration and communication among contributors. They also focus on community building and support, including outreach programs and mentorship initiatives to onboard and retain new contributors. o § Audiocasts/Shows⠀➾ # ⚓ Open Source Security (Audio Show) ☛ Episode_388_–_Video game vulnerabilities⠀⇛ Josh and Kurt ask the question what is a vulnerability, but in the framing of video games. Security loves to categorize all bugs as security vulnerabilities or not security vulnerabilities. But the reality nothing is so simple. Everything is a question of risk, not vulnerability. The discussion about video games can help us to better have this discussion. o § Kernel Space⠀➾ # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Linux_Kernel_From_First_Principles⠀⇛ What to learn the internals of the Linux kernel? Version 6.5-rc5 has about 36 million lines of code in it, so good luck! [Seiya] has a different approach. Go back to the beginning and examine the 0.01 version of the kernel. Now you are talking about 10,000 lines and, removing comments and blanks, way less. o § Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ Linux Links ☛ 11_Best_Free_and_Open_Source_Linux_Fractal Tools⠀⇛ Fractal-generating software is any computer program that generates images of fractals. Linux has a great selection of fractal software to choose from. To provide an insight into the quality of software that is available, we have compiled a list of 11 absorbing fractal tools. Hopefully, there will be something of interest here for anyone who wants to create their own unique images from computer generated art. The chart below offers our verdict. Only free and open source software is eligible for inclusion here. o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾ # ⚓ Rick Carlino ☛ Exploring_Text-Based_Content_on_the_Gemini Protocol⠀⇛ Picture the web. Websites and all that, right? Now, imagine getting rid of CSS, Javascript, cookies, and nosy request headers. Replace HTML with something simpler that looks more like Markdown. What’s left is the Gemini protocol, and it’s slowly been building a user base in the last few years. If you’re old enough to remember Gopher, it’s kind of like that. Or Maybe the HTML 2.0 days of the web. With Gemini, what you see is cleaner and loads faster. It’s just the text, and you control how it looks. No CSS, no forms, only text-based content. For search engines and similar applications, there’s a text input query, but that’s about as complicated as it gets. It’s not trying to be the web, just a place for readable content. # ⚓ Adriaan Roselli ☛ An_alt_Decision_Tree_Using_Only_:has()⠀⇛ I use the CSS :has() pseudo-class to provide an interactive alt text decision tree (from the W3C WAI Tutorial) that uses no script. It is progressively enhanced, so browsers without support for :has() still get all the content. # ⚓ [Repeat] nixCraft ☛ How_to_decode_BASE64_string_in_Linux and_Unix⠀⇛ To decode a Base64 string in Linux, you must use the base64 command command. The syntax for decoding a Base64 string is as follows: [...] # ⚓ HowTo Forge ☛ How_To_Save_Traffic_With_Apache2′s mod_deflate⠀⇛ In this tutorial, I will describe how to install and configure mod_deflate on an Apache2 web server. mod_deflate allows Apache2 to compress files and deliver them to clients (e.g. browsers) that can handle compressed content which most modern browsers do. With mod_deflate, you can compress HTML, text or XML files to approx. 20 – 30% of their original sizes, thus saving you server traffic and making your modem users happier. Compressing files causes a slightly higher load on the server, but in my experience, this is compensated by the fact that the clients’ connection times to your server decrease a lot. For example, a modem user that needed seven seconds to download an uncompressed HTML file might now only need two seconds for the same, but compressed file. # ⚓ Setting_up_my_cloud_desktop⠀⇛ With VNC up and running, I added the AWS Linux server to my Tailscale network so I can route all VNC traffic through that, instead of using the public IP (yep, have ufw restricting it). My Raspberry Pi can now talk with the AWS Linux server via tailscale (configured it to have a restricted one-way communication, to protect my home network). Neat. # ⚓ The_Ultimate_Guide_to_MetaTrader_5_on_Linux:_Features, Benefits,_and_Installation⠀⇛ MetaTrader 5 (MT5) is a popular online trading platform widely used by forex traders across the globe. It offers a wide range of features and tools to analyze the financial markets and execute trades with ease. While originally designed for Windows, it is now compatible with Linux operating systems as well, providing Linux users with access to this powerful trading platform. # ⚓ MetaTrader_for_Linux:_The_Ultimate_Guide_to_Forex_Trading on_Linux⠀⇛ Forex trading has become increasingly popular in recent years, and many traders rely on MetaTrader, a leading platform for accessing global forex markets. While MetaTrader is primarily designed for Windows operating system, there is also a solution available for Linux users. # ⚓ Medium ☛ How_To_Use_Stable_Diffusion_2_For_Free—_Day_10_of #30daysofAI⠀⇛ These install steps assume that the computer being used is running Windows (≥ Windows 10) or directly on an up to date Linux distro like Ubuntu. # ⚓ Make Use Of ☛ How_to_Create_a_Windows_Virtual_Machine_in Linux_With_KVM⠀⇛ Running a Windows virtual machine alongside Linux has its benefits. With a Windows virtual machine set up, you don’t have to wrap your head around compatibility layers or look for open-source alternatives to your favorite Windows apps. Additionally, if you’re a developer, it becomes easy to test your software on multiple operating systems. Kernel-based Virtual Machine, or KVM is your best bet when it comes to setting up a Windows virtual machine on Linux. But how do you go about creating a new KVM and installing Windows on it? * § Distributions and Operating Systems⠀➾ o § Reviews⠀➾ # ⚓ Distro Watch ☛ Review:_MX_Linux_23⠀⇛ MX Linux does a great job of presenting the user with all the benefits of Debian’s Stable branch (long-term support, stable packages, large repositories of software, and great hardware support) while improving on the experience. On top of Debian’s solid base, MX has added a faster, more user friendly system installer, enough applications to cover a wide range of use cases without overly crowding the application menu, and provided lots of friendly tools and documentation. Not many Linux distributions provide great documentation and fewer include their documentation on the install media. This alone makes MX Linux stand out. The MX Tools though are what really make this distribution shine. There is a lot of useful functionality packed into the MX Tools collection, particularly the custom package installer which works across multiple repositories (including backports) and portable packages (Flatpaks). Not only did MX Linux work well with my hardware, it worked quickly, was stable, and I can’t think of a single time I saw an error message during my trial. A lot of this smooth running was probably a credit to MX’s parent, Debian, but MX also ships with a lot of custom tools and they all worked well for me too. Some people might find the vertical desktop panel unusual. Personally, I like it as it reduces my mouse movement, especially if I switch window buttons to the left side of the windows. People who don’t like the panel placement can move it to a more conventional horizontal orientation with a couple of mouse clicks. I’m of the opinion MX Linux is one of the most capable, friendly, reliable desktop distributions currently available. It runs on a wide range of hardware, from older computers to more modern machines. It offers an experience which improves from its parent on multiple fronts without introducing any problems. Some of the tools and the installer might be a little overwhelming for a complete Linux newcomer, I’m not sure I’d say MX Linux is an ideal first distribution. However, I would recommend it for most people for just about any desktop experience. o § BSD⠀➾ # ⚓ Brian Callahan ☛ Can_mold_be_used_as_the_OpenBSD_system linker?⠀⇛ Recently, I taught the mold linker how to find shared libraries on OpenBSD. This was the last puzzle piece needed to get mold working on OpenBSD. Testing on some simple applications, like oksh, produced working executables. I would like to go a bit further and push mold to its limits. I want to know what would happen if mold was the only linker on our system. # ⚓ Karl Levik ☛ Enforcing_Fail2ban_bans_with_PF⠀⇛ In the process of configuring my FreeBSD VPS, the time had finally come to attempt configuring Fail2ban1,2 properly. I already had it up and running, but the bans weren’t actually being enforced because – to my surprise – it was trying to use iptables, which is a Linux firewall that doesn’t even exist for FreeBSD! o § SUSE/OpenSUSE⠀➾ # ⚓ IT Wire ☛ Linux_now_‘de-facto_standard’_for_running business-critical_workloads’⠀⇛ Vojtěch Pavlík, SUSE’s newly appointed general manager of Business-Critical Linux, said on Thursday that it would be difficult to find any hyperscaler who did not offer Linux for the enterprise or one that did not run their own services on Linux. Pavlik’s comments come in the wake of some ructions in open source business circles, with Red Hat announcing a move in June to restrict access to the source code of its enterprise Linux distribution only to paying customers. In response to this, SUSE chief technology and product officer Dr Thomas Di Giacomo said on Thursday that his company had formed the Open Enterprise Linux Association along with Oracle and CIQ, the last-named being the company that is behind Rocky Linux, an RHEL clone. o § Open Hardware/Modding⠀➾ # ⚓ Pine64 ☛ Quick_update:_What’s_going_on?⠀⇛ We always attempt to meet in person at least twice a year. For reasons that ought to be obvious to everyone, this wasn’t possible these past few years, but now that travel is once again viable we’re returning to a bi-annual meetup schedule. We always meet at FOSDEM in February followed by a meeting halfway through the calendar year. While FOSDEM primarily serves the function of interacting with the broader Linux community and members of other projects as well as product announcements, the second yearly meetup aims at evaluating the project’s progress, identifying issues, and creating a roadmap for the coming months. This year we’re holding the second meetup in Warsaw. TL, Ayufan, Lukasz, and I will be having lunch in Hala Gwardii on Sunday, August 20th at noon. The place offers a wide variety of foods from around the world and is a short walk from Ratusz Arsenał metro station. You can also reach the place easily from every corner of Warsaw via all the public transport the city has to offer. So if you’re in Warsaw or can travel to see us on this date, then consider yourself invited. We’ll be keeping an eye on the #offtopic chat on the 19th so let us know when you’ve arrived and one of us will let you know where we’re sitting. Looking forward to seeing you there! # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Portable_1990s_POS_Will_Strain_Your_Back⠀⇛ [JR] over at [Tech Throwback] got ahold of an unusual piece of gear recently — a portable Point of Sale (POS) credit card machine from the late 1990s (video, embedded below the break ). Today these machines can be just a small accessory that works in conjunction with your smart phone, but only the most dedicated merchants would lug this behemoth around. The unit is basically a Motorola bag phone, a credit card scanner, a receipt printer, a lead-acid battery, and a couple of PCBs crammed into a custom carrying case # ⚓ Andrew Hutchings ☛ Amiga_4000_Restoration_x2:_Part_6⠀⇛ We are on part 6 of what I originally hoped would be a 3 part series. There has been some progress since last time on several fronts. As well as some setbacks. Let’s get into it. # ⚓ Doug Brown ☛ Upgrading_my_Chumby_8_kernel_part_6:_PWM backlight⠀⇛ In the previous post in this series (here are links to parts 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5), I really got the Chumby to start looking like a Chumby. The display was alive! But getting the LCD controller working was really only one puzzle piece when it came to the display. The backlight needed more work so that I could control the brightness, and the touchscreen controller is a completely nonstandard design that is specific to the Chumby. # ⚓ Linux Gizmos ☛ NUC_board_comes_with_dual_2.5GbE_and_M.2 expansion_options⠀⇛ The MU03 by GlobalAmerican is a small embedded board with NUC form-factor featuring the Intel Celeron J6412 System-on-Chip. The board targets applications including retail, industrial automation and surveillance. # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Stuffing_A_32-Pin_Chip_Into_A_28-Pin_Socket⠀⇛ What’s the difference between a 64k ROM in a 28-pin DIP and a 128k ROM in a 32-pin DIP? Aside from the obvious answers of “64k” and “four pins,” it turns out that these two chips have a lot in common, enough so that it only takes a little bodging to make them interchangeable — more or less. * § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾ o § Web Browsers/Web Servers⠀➾ # § Mozilla⠀➾ # ⚓ OS News ☛ Desktop_Linux_has_a_Firefox_problem⠀⇛ There’s no denying that the browser is the single-most important application on any operating system, whether that be on desktops and laptops or on mobile devices. Without a capable, fast, and solid browser, the usefulness of an operating system decreases exponentially, to the point where I’m quite sure virtually nobody’s going to use an operating system for regular, normal use if it doesn’t have a browser. Having an at least somewhat useable browser is what elevates an operating system from a hobby toy to something you could use for more than 10 minutes as a fun novelty. The problem here is that making a capable browser is actually incredibly hard, as the browser has become a hugely capable platform all of its own. Undertaking the mammoth task of building a browser from scratch is not something a lot of people are interested in – save for the crazy ones – made worse by the fact that competing with the three remaining browser engines is basically futile due to market consolidation and monopolisation. Chrome and its various derivatives are vastly dominant, followed by Safari on iOS, if only because you can’t use anything else on iOS. And then there’s Firefox, trailing far behind as a distant third – and falling. This is the environment desktop Linux distributions find themselves in. For the longest time now, desktop Linux has relied virtually exclusively on shipping Firefox – and the Mozilla suite before that – as their browser, with some users opting to download Chrome post-install. While both GNOME and KDE nominally invest in their own two browsers, GNOME Web and Falkon, their uptake is limited and releases few and far between. For instance, none of the major Linux distributions ship GNOME Web as their default browser, and it lacks many of the features users come to expect from a browser. Falkon, meanwhile, is updated only sporadically, often going years between releases. Worse yet, Falkon uses Chromium through QtWebEngine, and GNOME Web uses WebKit (which are updated separately from the browser, so browser releases are not always a solid metric!), so both are dependent on the goodwill of two of the most ruthless corporations in the world, Google and Apple respectively. Even Firefox itself, even though it’s clearly the browser of choice of distributions and Linux users alike, does not consider Linux a first-tier platform. Firefox is first and foremost a Windows browser, followed by macOS second, and Linux third. The love the Linux world has for Firefox is not reciprocated by Mozilla in the same way, and this shows in various places where issues fixed and addressed on the Windows side are ignored on the Linux side for years or longer. # ⚓ Does_Desktop_Linux_Have_a_Firefox_Problem?⠀⇛ OS News’ managing editor calls Firefox “the single most important desktop Linux application,” shipping in most distros (with some users later opting for a post- installation download of Chrome). o § SaaS/Back End/Databases⠀➾ # ⚓ Supabase Inc ☛ Supavisor:_Scaling_Postgres_to_1_Million Connections⠀⇛ One of the most widely-discussed shortcomings of Postgres is its connection system. Every Postgres connection has a reasonably high memory footprint, and determining the maximum number of connections your database can handle is a bit of an art. A common solution is connection pooling. Supabase currently offers pgbouncer which is single- threaded, making it difficult to scale. We’ve seen some novel ways to scale pgbouncer, but we have a few other goals in mind for our platform. And so we’ve built Supavisor, a Postgres connection pooler that can handle millions of connections. o § Programming/Development⠀➾ # ⚓ University of Toronto ☛ The_tangled_problems_of_asking_for people’s_‘(full)_legal_name’⠀⇛ One response to my entry on the problems with ‘first’ and ‘last’ name data fields is that one should make forms that (only) ask for someone’s legally recognized name, which should be unambiguous and complete. While superficially appealing, this is a terrible minefield that you should never step into unless you absolutely have to, which is generally because you are legally required to collect this information. # ⚓ Roman Kashitsyn ☛ Flat_in-order_binary_trees⠀⇛ This article is an in-depth guide to the flat in- order representation of binary trees. We derive efficient operations to navigate these trees, such as finding the tree root and computing the parent and children for each node. We then use this flat representation to implement a novel efficient data structure: extensible segment trees. # § Shell/Bash/Zsh/Ksh⠀➾ # ⚓ Frederico Bittencourt ☛ Bash_one_liners⠀⇛ I have a graveyard of one-time-use bash one- liners that become either aliases or get wrapped by shell functions in my .zshrc file. I often justify the effort of polishing them and adding to my dotfiles with the excuse that they will be used again in the future. Even if they are never used again, they serve as a library of examples. For every new command, there is always an old one that did a similar thing. More importantly, these bash one-liners are really fun to write. What once started as a thought to build a new command line application, was first challenged with a “could it be a simple bash script?” and then finally it was reduced to “could I write it one line?”. It’s like my own personal code golf challenge, where I keep trying to make the line smaller and smaller. * § Leftovers⠀➾ o ⚓ MIT Technology Review ☛ Next_slide,_please:_A_brief_history_of the_corporate_presentation⠀⇛ Before PowerPoint [sic], and long before digital projectors, 35-millimeter film slides were king. Bigger, clearer, and less expensive to produce than 16-millimeter film, and more colorful and higher-resolution than video, slides were the only medium for the kinds of high-impact presentations given by CEOs and top brass at annual meetings for stockholders, employees, and salespeople. Known in the business as “multi-image” shows, these presentations required a small army of producers, photographers, and live production staff to pull off. First the entire show had to be written, storyboarded, and scored. Images were selected from a library, photo shoots arranged, animations and special effects produced. A white-gloved technician developed, mounted, and dusted each slide before dropping it into the carousel. Thousands of cues were programmed into the show control computers—then tested, and tested again. Because computers crash. Projector bulbs burn out. Slide carousels get jammed. o ⚓ Ruben Schade ☛ Creativity_under_legacy_constraints⠀⇛ There’s a unique kind of creativity that comes from working within a set of limitations or constraints. I know I have more fun when I don’t use cheats, and try out old things with a new twist. What’s the smallest financially viable SimCity 3000 town I can build? What are the fewest number of lines I can write a Sudoku game in with Pascal, or Perl? o § Science⠀➾ # ⚓ Brr ☛ Snowdrifts⠀⇛ A remarkable amount of blown snow buildup after just a few short days! o § Education⠀➾ # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2023-08-11_[Older]_Japanese_universities losing_battle_with_foreign_rivals⠀⇛ o § Hardware⠀➾ # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2023-08-08_[Older]_Taiwan’s_TSMC_to_build semiconductor_factory_in_Germany⠀⇛ # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Update_Your_Chinese_Radio_Without_The_Pain⠀⇛ The new hotness in cheap radios this year has been the Quansheng UV-K5, a Chinese handheld transceiver with significant RF abilities and easy modding. The amateur radio community have seized upon it with glee and already reverse-engineered much of the firmware, but flashing the thing has always required a minor effort. Now thanks to the work of [whosmatt], it can be flashed with little more than a web browser and a serial cable. # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Making_Things_Square_In_Three_Dimensions⠀⇛ Measure twice, cut once is excellent advice when building anything, from carpentry to metalworking. While this adage will certainly save a lot of headache, mistakes, and wasted material, it will only get you part of the way to constructing something that is true and square, whether that’s building a shelf, a piece of furniture, or an entire house. [PliskinAJ] demonstrates a few techniques to making things like this as square as possible, in all three dimensions. # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Eliminating_Charge-Carrier_Trapping_In_Organic Semiconductors⠀⇛ For organic semiconductors like the very common organic light-emitting diode (OLED), the issue of degradation due to contaminants that act as charge traps is a major problem. During the development of OLEDs, this was very pronounced in the difference between the different colors and the bandgap which they operated in. Due to blue OLEDs especially being sensitive to these charge traps, it still is the OLED type that degrades the quickest as contaminants like oxygen affect it the strongest. Recent research published in Nature Materials from researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research by Oskar Sachnik and colleagues (press release) may however have found a way to shield the electron-carrying parts of organic semiconductors from such contaminants. o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾ # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2023-08-05_[Older]_Food_waste:_Is_forcing supermarkets_to_donate_the_way_to_go?⠀⇛ # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Lead_Exposure_in_Childhood_Linked_to_Future Crimes,_Study_Finds⠀⇛ As a neurotoxin, lead has also been implicated in mental and developmental problems, including lowering IQ. A new review suggests early-life lead exposure may be leading to increased risks of criminal behavior much later in life. “Policy action to prevent lead exposure is of utmost importance,” environmental health scientist Maria Jose Talayero and colleagues from the George Washington University write in their paper. “Our research shows an excess risk for criminal behavior in adulthood exists when an individual is exposed to lead in utero or during childhood.” # ⚓ The_ABIM_acted_against_COVID-19_antivax_quacks…or_did_it?⠀⇛ [Orac note: Yes, Orac decided to be lazy and continue recharging his Tarial cells last week. He did, however, update and expand this recent post about the ABIM and COVID-19 misinformation from a certain not-so-secret-other blog for your edification, as his contemplation of all data led him to things that he missed a week ago that led him to change the emphasis and add more about Dr. Paul Marik. Regular Insolence will resume this week.] # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2023-08-10_[Older]_Netherlands:_Cocaine seized_by_customs_in_record_8-ton_haul⠀⇛ # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2023-08-09_[Older]_WHO_identifies_new coronavirus_‘variant_of_interest’⠀⇛ o § Proprietary/Artificial Intelligence (AI)⠀➾ # ⚓ ‘The_Open_Source_Licensing_War_is_Over’ [Ed: Mac Asay's propaganda is promoted by Slasdot; Asay tried working for Microsoft and brought Microsoft to the OSI. He's not technical and he works for proprietary software firms (those firms also sponsor these articles of his (paid placements).]⠀⇛ # ⚓ Matt Rickard ☛ My_Everyday_LLM_Uses⠀⇛ How do I use LLMs in my personal life? I’ve found A few rote tasks useful for outside of coding or professional work. # § Windows TCO⠀➾ # ⚓ [Repeat] Conneticut Post ☛ Ransomware_attack_[sic] continues_to_disrupt_2_CT_hospital_systems⠀⇛ In a statement earlier this week, Nina Kruse, ECHN’s vice president for communications and public affairs, said, “Prospect Medical Holdings Inc. recently experienced a data security incident that has disrupted our operations. Upon learning of this, we took our systems offline to protect them and launched an investigation with the help of third-party cybersecurity specialists.” # ⚓ Data Breaches ☛ UK_Electoral_Commission_had_an unpatched_Microsoft_Exchange_Server_vulnerability⠀⇛ You have have read about the hack of the Electoral Commission recently. In this piece we take a look at what happened, show they were running Microsoft Exchange Server with Outlook Web App (OWA) facing the internet, and the unpatched [sic] vulnerability that presented. # ⚓ Dark Reading ☛ EvilProxy_Cyberattack_Flood_Targets Execs_via_Microsoft_365⠀⇛ A campaign sent 120,000 phishing emails in three months, circumventing MFA to compromise cloud accounts of high-level executives at global organizations o § Security⠀➾ # ⚓ Press_Release_–_August_9,_2023_–_Governor_Hochul_Announces Nation-Leading_Cybersecurity_Strategy_|_Department_of Financial_Services [Ed: After watering-down Right to Repair to make it toothless?]⠀⇛ Governor Kathy Hochul today announced New York’s first-ever statewide cybersecurity strategy aimed at protecting the State’s digital infrastructure from today’s cyber threats. The Strategy articulates, for the first-time, a set of high- level objectives for cybersecurity and resilience across New York. It clarifies agency roles and responsibilities, outlines how existing and planned initiatives and investments knit together into a unified approach, and reiterates the State’s commitment to providing services, advice, and assistance to county and local governments. New York State’s cybersecurity strategy provides public and private stakeholders with a roadmap for cyber risk mitigation and outlines a plan to protect critical infrastructure, networks, data, and technology systems. # ⚓ Kevin Beaumont ☛ UK_Electoral_Commission_had_an_unpatched Microsoft_Exchange_Server_vulnerability [Ed: Even a fully patched Microsoft Exchange Server is not secure; Microsoft can intentionally seat for 3 months on unpatched holes while fully aware those are being exploited, as happened before]⠀⇛ You have have read about the hack of the Electoral Commission recently. In this piece we take a look at what happened, show they were running Microsoft Exchange Server with Outlook Web App (OWA) facing the internet, and the unpatched vulnerability that presented. The Electoral Commission ran Microsoft Exchange Server on IP 167.98.206.41 (found by TechCrunch) — this was online until later in 2022, at which point it dropped offline. According to the Electoral Commission’s advisory, they became aware of the incident in October 2022. # ⚓ Reuters ☛ US_cyber_body_to_review_cloud_computing_safety, Microsoft_breach⠀⇛ A U.S. cyber safety body will review issues relating to cloud-based identity and authentication infrastructure that will include an assessment of a recent Microsoft (MSFT.O) breach that led to the theft of emails from U.S. government agencies, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) said on Friday. The review by the Cyber Safety Review Board will look at the malicious targeting of cloud computing environments, the DHS said in a statement. # ⚓ TechCrunch ☛ How_the_FBI_goes_after_DDoS_cyberattackers⠀⇛ In 2016, hackers using a network of compromised internet-connected devices — vulnerable security cameras and routers — knocked some of the then biggest websites on the internet offline for several hours. Twitter, Reddit, GitHub and Spotify all went down intermittently that day, victims of what was at the time one of the largest distributed denial-of-service attacks in history. # ⚓ Dark Reading ☛ EvilProxy_Cyberattack_Flood_Targets_Execs via_Microsoft_365⠀⇛ Attackers have unleashed an EvilProxy phishing campaign to target thousands of Microsoft 365 user accounts worldwide, sending a flood of 120,000 phishing emails to more than 100 organizations across the globe in the three-month period between March and June alone. The goal? To take over C- suite and other executive accounts, in order to mount further attacks deeper within the enterprise. # ⚓ Data Breaches ☛ Cummins_Behavioral_Health_Systems_discovers cyberattack_when_it_finds_ransom_note [Ed: A "victim of a cyberattack" means target of yet another Microsoft breach]⠀⇛ Sometime between Feb. 2 and March 9 of this year, Cummins Behavioral Health Systems (CBHS) in Indiana became a victim of a cyberattack. CBHS is a private not-for-profit organization providing behavioral health services in Boone, Hendricks, Marion, Montgomery, Putnam, and surrounding counties in Central and West Central Indiana. It provides care to persons of all ages in a variety of office and community-based settings, including school-based services for students with mental health issues. CBHS discovered the incident when they found a ransom note in their environment on March 9. There was no encryption of data. CBHS does not name the attackers or say whether they paid the demanded ransom, but there’s no language about getting any assurances about deletion of data, so they probably didn’t pay. # ⚓ Data Breaches ☛ One_year_later,_Tift_Regional_Medical Center_notifies_patients_of_Hive_attack⠀⇛ In September 2022, DataBreaches broke the story of how Hive had attacked Tift Regional Medical Center in Georgia between July and August. The attack did not involve encryption of systems but Hive claimed to have exfiltrated about 1 TB of data, including files with protected health information. On October 14, Tift notified HHS of an incident. They used 500 as the number affected, which suggested that at that point, they had not yet determined exactly how many patients had been affected. # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ NL Times ☛ 2023-08-12_[Older]_Hospital_employee suspended_for_leaking_influencer’s_newborn_details_on Facebook⠀⇛ # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ 2023-08-07_[Older]_Norway Fines_Facebook_Owner_Meta_Over_Privacy_Breaches⠀⇛ # ⚓ Gizmodo ☛ 2023-08-11_[Older]_Twitter’s_CEO_Makes_New Excuses_for_Musk’s_Dumb_‘X’_Rebranding⠀⇛ # ⚓ John Gruber ☛ 2023-08-10_[Older]_★_Was_Trump_Using Twitter_Direct_Messages?_(Please_Let_the_Answer_Be Yes.)⠀⇛ # ⚓ Gizmodo ☛ 2023-08-10_[Older]_Twitter’s_Office Auction:_Here_Are_the_35_Oddest_Pieces_of_Bird-Themed Junk_for_Sale⠀⇛ # ⚓ Counter Punch ☛ 2023-08-10_[Older]_Peter_Pan_Man: Elon_Musk’s_Rebranding_of_Twitter⠀⇛ # ⚓ The Age AU ☛ 2023-08-10_[Older]_Capitol_riot_probe obtained_secret_warrant_for_Trump’s_Twitter_account⠀⇛ # ⚓ Gizmodo ☛ 2023-08-09_[Older]_You_Can_Now_See_Your Likes_on_Instagram_Threads,_Just_Like_on_Twitter⠀⇛ # ⚓ Gizmodo ☛ 2023-08-09_[Older]_Twitter_Fined_$350,000 for_Delaying_Search_of_Trump’s_Account_in_Jan._6 Prosecution⠀⇛ # ⚓ Engadget ☛ 2023-08-09_[Older]_Twitter_fined_for belatedly_complying_with_search_warrant_for_Donald Trump’s_account⠀⇛ o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾ # ⚓ Modern Diplomacy ☛ 2023-08-08_[Older]_“Fraying_Bonds:_The Erosion_of_U.S.-Africa_Relations⠀⇛ # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2023-08-05_[Older]_Hiroshima:_Atomic_bomb survivors_keep_memory_alive⠀⇛ # ⚓ Bridge Michigan ☛ Records:_Michigan_voting_machines exchanged_at_mall,_‘manipulated’_in_hotels⠀⇛ Pro-Trump attorneys and a Michigan lawmaker enlisted a private investigator to collect 2020 voting machines that were later “manipulated” during testing in Oakland County hotels, according to newly disclosed allegations by a special prosecutor. # ⚓ Modern Diplomacy ☛ 2023-08-08_[Older]_Wagner-Backed_Central African_Leader_Wins_Right_to_Third_Term⠀⇛ # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2023-08-11_[Older]_China_courts_Germany’s far-right_populist_AfD⠀⇛ # ⚓ Site36 ☛ Six_people_drowned_in_the_English_Channel:_Last week_was_this_year’s_peak_of_crossings⠀⇛ # ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ You_Ignore_‘Apartheid’_—_Angry_Scholars’ Letter_to_US_Jews_Is_Signed_by_750_Including_Benny_Morris⠀⇛ So long as Jews and Palestinians don’t have equal rights, Israel risks “dictatorship,” says 750 academics in letter urging U.S. Jews to denounce “apartheid.” # ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ What_Young_Americans_Really_Think_About_Guns⠀⇛ 74% of young people say gun violence is a problem in the US. But they have little faith in the government to tackle it # § War in Ukraine⠀➾ # ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ The_BRICS_Revolt:_How_Ukraine_War_Eroded U.S._Authority⠀⇛ The proxy war in Ukraine has presented a grand opportunity for competitors of the U.S. — a chance to exploit longstanding resentments of American empire… # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Apparent_drone_strike_causes_explosion, damages_apartment_building_in_Belogorod_—_Meduza⠀⇛ Residents of Belgorod reported hearing explosions in the city, and photos showing a damaged apartment building and car appeared on local social media pages on August 13. # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Russia_fires_warning_shots_at_cargo_ship_in Black_Sea_—_Meduza⠀⇛ Russia’s Defense Ministry reports that service members on the Vasily Bykov, a patrol vessel in the Black Sea Fleet, fired warning shots to stop the cargo ship the Sukra Okan in the Black Sea. # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Germany_reportedly_to_give_Ukraine_Luna_NG reconnaissance_‘superdrones’_—_Meduza⠀⇛ Germany has ordered defense corporation Rheinmetall to supply Ukraine’s Armed Forces (AFU) with a Luna NG unmanned aerial reconnaissance system by the end of 2023, reports German tabloid Bild, citing its own sources of information. # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Missile_strike_on_Pokrovsk,_in_Donetsk,_has killed_10,_including_two_rescue_workers_—_Meduza⠀⇛ Ukraine’s State Emergency Service reports that Colonel Vitaly Kints, the head of a Donetsk fire rescue squad, has died in the hospital after receiving critical injuries from an August 7 missile strike on the city of Pokrovsk. # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Ukrainian_media_says_Crimea_drone_attack killed_and_injured_dozens_of_Russian_troops_—_Meduza⠀⇛ Dozens of Russian soldiers were killed or injured in a Ukrainian drone attack on Russian-annexed Crimea overnight on August 12, writes newspaper Ukrainian Pravda, citing sources in Ukraine’s Security Service (SBU). # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Ukraine_authorities_say_‘Kadyrovites’ started_a_shootout_near_Mariupol,_killing_more_than_10 people_—_Meduza⠀⇛ The Mariupol city council reports that a shootout took place in the village of Urzuf, which Russia has annexed, in the Mariupol district of Ukraine’s Donetsk region, between soldiers from Chechnya and representatives of the local “commander’s office.”  # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Shelling_in_Kherson_region_kills_civilians, including_family_of_four_—_Meduza⠀⇛ At least five people were killed by shelling in Shyroka Balka, a village outside of Kherson, on the morning of August 13, reports Ukraine Internal Affairs Minister Ihor Klymenko. # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Russia’s_Defense_Ministry_reports_multiple attempted_drone_attacks_on_Belgorod_region_and_one_on Kursk_—_Meduza⠀⇛ Russia’s Defense Ministry says that Russian troops intercepted three attempts by Ukraine to hit targets inside Russia with drones on August 13. # ⚓ France24 ☛ Death_toll_rises_after_Russian_shelling_of Kherson_in_Ukraine⠀⇛ The number of those killed by Russian forces has risen again to seven people, including an infant and a 12-year-old boy. They were killed by Russian shelling in Ukraine’s southern region of Kherson, Interior Minister Igor Klymenko said on Sunday. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Ukrainian_Civilian_Deaths_Mount_In_Kherson Shelling;_Kyiv_Reports_Gains_In_South⠀⇛ At least seven civilians, including four members of one family, were killed by Russian shelling in southern Ukraine as fighting continued in both the south and east of the country, Kyiv said on August 13, amid reports of Ukrainian battlefield gains in the ongoing southern counteroffensive. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Russian_Strikes_Kill_7_in_Ukrainian Region_Under_Ceaseless_Shelling⠀⇛ Ukrainian officials said two children and their parents were among the dead after the attacks on Sunday. # ⚓ Helsinki Times ☛ Yango_prohibited_from_transferring personal_data_from_Finland_to_Russia⠀⇛ THE FINNISH Data Protection Authority has ordered Yandex and Ridetech International to suspend the transfer of personal data collected by Yango, the ride-hailing service of Yandex, from Finland to Russia. o § Transparency/Investigative Reporting⠀➾ # ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ Secret_Police:_One_Department_In_Virginia_Is Trying_To_Hide_The_Names_Of_Most_Officers⠀⇛ o § Environment⠀➾ # ⚓ Omicron Limited ☛ Atlantic_collapse:_Q&A_with_scientists behind_controversial_study_predicting_a_colder_Europe⠀⇛ While AMOC was already known to be at its slowest in 1,600 years, the latest research ushers in a much closer time estimation for a collapse between 2025 and 2095, with a central estimate of 2057. If proven correct, this scenario could see temperatures drop by 5 to 10 degrees in Europe, with devastating consequences for life as we know it. The Conversation sat down with physicist Peter Ditlevsen and his sister, the statistician Susanne Ditlevsen, to unpack findings that have stirred controversy in some quarters. # ⚓ International Business Times ☛ Cigarette_butts_are_killing animals_and_polluting_waters_in_the_UK⠀⇛ This summer, in just two weeks, 585 volunteers cleared around 58km of the river. In the 699 bags of rubbish that was collected, 71 per cent of recorded waste was plastic. But, records show that cigarette butts were the most numerous plastic items. Other plastic items that were found included drink lids and food wrappers. Following the litter results, Maria Herlihy urged the public to “Please – pick up your butts!” # ⚓ New York Times ☛ How_Invasive_Plants_Caused_the_Maui_Fires to_Rage⠀⇛ A sweeping series of plantation closures in Hawaii allowed highly flammable nonnative grasses to spread on idled lands, providing the fuel for huge blazes. # ⚓ teleSUR ☛ Typhoon_Khanun_Causes_Emergencies_in_Russia’s_Far East⠀⇛ The floods affected 16 municipal districts, where 4,368 residential buildings, 5,654 household plots and 43 sections of roads remain submerged. # § Energy/Transportation⠀➾ # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2023-08-11_[Older]_FTX’s_Sam Bankman-Fried_jailed_after_bail_revoked⠀⇛ # ⚓ uni Michigan ☛ University_proceeding_with_campus_EV charger_installations⠀⇛ The first phase of the four-year project includes installing chargers in more than 100 spaces in parking structures and surface lots across campus. The chargers will be available to faculty, staff, students, visitors and U- M Fleet vehicles with appropriate parking permits during enforcement hours, and for public use during non-enforcement hours. # ⚓ Connor Tumbleson ☛ The_dangerous_corium⠀⇛ So how often have we accidentally produced corium? o § Finance⠀➾ # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2023-08-09_[Older]_China_slips_into deflation_as_post-COVID_recovery_stalls⠀⇛ # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2023-08-08_[Older]_Germany:_Inflation sinks_slightly_in_July⠀⇛ # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2023-08-08_[Older]_How_Germany’s_political leaders_want_to_fix_the_economy⠀⇛ # ⚓ Michael West Media ☛ Insurance_surges_50_per_cent_for_high- risk_properties⠀⇛ Households living in areas where the risk of flooding looms large have endured up to a 50 per cent surge in insurance premiums. Analysis from the Actuaries Institute has illustrated the severity of Australia’s insurance affordability crisis, with the median home premium experiencing its biggest jump in two decades. o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾ # ⚓ Scoop News Group ☛ White_House_is_fast-tracking_executive order_on_artificial_intelligence⠀⇛ Prabhakar’s comments come amid a flurry of work on Capitol Hill and the White House to craft stronger AI guardrails. Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer, D.-N.Y., has begun convening a series of listening sessions aimed to educating lawmakers about the technology and laying the groundwork for a major legislative push to regulate AI. # § Misinformation/Disinformation/Propaganda⠀➾ # ⚓ VOA News ☛ As_Free_Press_Withers_in_El_Salvador,_Pro- Government_Social_Media_Influencers_Grow_in_Power⠀⇛ “A news organization doing an investigation can’t compare to the sounding board that these influencers have because they flood your social media with the government’s narrative,” said Roberto Dubon, a communications strategist and congressional candidate for Bukele’s former party, FMLN. “What you have is an apparatus to spread their propaganda.” o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾ # ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ 2023-08-08_[Older]_Sweden_Quran_burnings: How_the_Kremlin_benefits⠀⇛ o § Freedom of Information / Freedom of the Press⠀➾ # ⚓ CS Monitor ☛ Kansas_police’s_raid_of_newspaper_called ‘alarming_abuse_of_authority’⠀⇛ “It seems like one of the most aggressive police raids of a news organization or entity in quite some time,” said Sharon Brett, legal director for the American Civil Liberties Union of Kansas. The breadth of the raid and the aggressiveness in which it was carried out seems to be “quite an alarming abuse of authority from the local police department,” Ms. Brett said. Seth Stern, director of advocacy for Freedom of the Press Foundation, said in a statement that the raid appeared to have violated federal law, the First Amendment, “and basic human decency.” “This looks like the latest example of American law enforcement officers treating the press in a manner previously associated with authoritarian regimes,” Mr. Stern said. “The anti-press rhetoric that’s become so pervasive in this country has become more than just talk and is creating a dangerous environment for journalists trying to do their jobs.” # ⚓ The Dissenter ☛ ‘These_Are_Hitler_Tactics’:_Illegal_Police Raids_Effectively_Shut_Down_Kansas_Newspaper⠀⇛ # ⚓ Axios ☛ Kansas_newspaper_co-owner_dies_after_police_raids that_raised_First_Amendment_concerns⠀⇛ A police department in Marion, Kansas, was accused Sunday of violating First_Amendment protections after officers raided a local paper and the home of its co-owner. o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾ # ⚓ uni Michigan ☛ What_to_know_about_GEO’s_pay_demands:_An_in- depth_analysis_of_graduate_student_pay⠀⇛ Since 2017, the cost of living in Ann Arbor has increased from $30,128 to $38,838 according to the MIT Living Wage Calculator, a tool developed to estimate the minimum wage needed to support a person’s basic needs in a community. The salaries of most U-M graduate students have decreased in value due to inflation over the duration of the contract, going from $24,879 to $24,056. As a result, many U-M graduate students are earning $14,778 less than the minimum standards of living in Ann Arbor as calculated by the LWC. # ⚓ Bridge Michigan ☛ Facial_recognition_technology_under_fire after_false_arrest_of_Detroit_mother⠀⇛ The lawsuit has sparked national interest in Detroit’s use of the controversial technology. It’s the third lawsuit filed alleging the technology led to the false arrest of a Detroit resident. Facial recognition is an automated process to find possible matches for a suspect’s photo from a database of images pulled from mugshots, surveillance cameras and social media. o § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾ # ⚓ APNIC ☛ Visiting_the_submarine_cable_connecting_Andaman_and Nicobar_Islands⠀⇛ This cable system is designed, for the most part, with keeping a linear flow. The main long-distance cable connects Chennai to Port Blair with a 400Gbps capacity (2 x 200Gbps), then 200Gbps (2 x 100Gbps) from Port Blair onwards to seven islands. One branch connects Port Blair to Swaraj Dweep, Long Island, and Rangat in the North and the other branch connects Port Blair to Little Andaman, Car Nicobar, Kamorta and Great Nicobar Islands. o § Monopolies⠀➾ # § Copyrights⠀➾ # ⚓ Torrent Freak ☛ Internet_Archive’s_Copyright_Battle with_Publishers_Leads_to_Lending_Restrictions⠀⇛ The Internet Archive’s online book lending library will be severely limited to avoid copyright liability. The library and book publishers have agreed the terms of a judgment that leaves one crucial question open for the court. While restrictions are unavoidable, for now, the Internet Archive is eager to reverse the court’s liability ruling on appeal. * § Gemini* and Gopher⠀➾ o § Technology and Free Software⠀➾ # § Internet/Gemini⠀➾ # ⚓ Getting_back_online_after_summer⠀⇛ Its been a few months since I last wrote anything…or really ready much on smolnet. With kids being up later and no school, the days longer so I don’t wind down as soon it seems like most of my hobbies and tech use in general drops off during the summer. Haven’t even turned on my ham radio since we had leaves on the trees. I did find Lemmy with all the Reddit nonsense going on (not that I’m really on that site much these days). But even Mastodon barely opened on my phone. # ⚓ What_if_Gemini_could_be_served_on_port_80?⠀⇛ I’m by no means an expert and there must be a reason solderpunk chose Gemini to get its own port. But I’m also a web developer by day and a strong advocatee of “Progressive enhancement”. Many of us aren’t. Many of us don’t even care about and to some degree I feel like it is our own fault thave we didn’t convince them. A lot of people treat the web as something it should never have been: A painting that has to look the same on every device. Back then, people came up with phraes like “optimized for Netscape Navigator 4.x” or “best viewed at 1024×768″. =============================================================================== * Gemini_(Primer) links can be opened using Gemini_software. It’s like the World Wide Web but a lot lighter. ╘══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╛ ¶ Lines in total: 5788 ➮ Generation completed at 02:44, i.e. 115 seconds to (re)generate ⟲