𝕿𝖊𝖈𝖍𝖗𝖎𝖌𝖍𝖙𝖘 Bulletin for Wednesday, August 16, 2023 ┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅ Generated Thu 17 Aug 02:41:33 BST 2023 Created by Dr. Roy Schestowitz (𝚛𝚘𝚢 (at) 𝚜𝚌𝚑𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚘𝚠𝚒𝚝𝚣 (dot) 𝚌𝚘𝚖) Full hyperlinks for navigation omitted but are fully available in the originals The corresponding HTML versions are at 𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈 Latest in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕 and older bulletins can be found at 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕-𝒂𝒓𝒄𝒉𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒔 Full IPFS index in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔 and as plain text in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔/𝒕𝒙𝒕 Gemini index for the day: gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2023/08/16/ ╒═══════════════════ 𝐑𝐄𝐂𝐄𝐍𝐓 𝐁𝐔𝐋𝐋𝐄𝐓𝐈𝐍𝐒 ════════════════════════════════════╕ Previous bulletins in IPFS (past 21 days, in chronological order): QmYfTomUhDqyRvYTU58bdbw2GSc1GR8WZYP782k6X1swT9 QmegDwUnvgnwipCDf5XAG7f4WpM7tz9ZGEZmfFHumn998K QmcF86aU48wkENPcvkMG3Uvpdn2Zh3Ww591VESr7YyFB1z QmcKPHU5NdTy1sxr6zGBobDe7GDZ5panELSpSzmu2S8xvU QmWef8vtcFeiv9B2BmB2WtBwMqLq2kDfzWm5aQkKdgkCHW QmSERS83Ghpc2tvtjtSx1QuX63sSxDgJ4UDR3Xx4DCBamw QmUE5jyXyq8QeUTZvMZG2nE2AuQzLwVopuJsLSXE8fWgpy Qmf3QVyPA8xsQqXgQeE5Tw2LE7vuKa1Y9spx36dsNNUSsB QmTcZH4zeE6SzC8S3Sqgx1X7NFfYGP2vprisQByQEW5nbx QmeHyPcfAoVduU1xVyTC25qhvMBYeDVfT7bjjzZhGC7E3k QmfXKhYcGYHZGufpdVU71ZTTo1cCovxR9GpF1HuxR4f1VH QmdoTZo8Mevtx6RZCctMfwQ2Y4ffZS4ZQ6SjUZEWNm5pRa QmZ8HUFLDLxvBHLKutyBuQ6a4TTR6hb3ZAFg3gf5MsGv4Z QmdW1PZqQK5LjoM41V2gKL2KqnHaEqwHdd4G1YYxa7JTEz QmYYePurSm8yAKEwRv17i1k4Q7ju7m4SQByFQcLC8HtY7x QmaRubG8aC9J2F4D9dmkGvjTspm5HdnsTMqDuVHGcPc8k5 QmQRTBqrhT8MUXdVEwJShtA9dbvEtZNFjWkf2QjuuactPS QmRvPmuQj51W76zvbu8EJVsufNdff2k6sLwDW4kU1Umw72 QmVsL5SjB4i4sLymC3HBZkhwBhNY5MXy27LZs9QBCDgtZo QmNdfSVvGLKtGutRooKPbAq57B9AZoPeYGGSjhD1a2fVET QmZnEb1NMj8vNm5EXH9jb8unPV3bTrZKvHcvsEczvMfMYS ╒═══════════════════ 𝐈𝐍𝐃𝐄𝐗 ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⦿ Techrights’ Position on IBM’s Red Hat (and Fedora): We Need to Move Back to or Towards Truly Community-Controlled Distros | Techrights ⦿ Back On Libera Chat, But Banned From Fedora | Techrights ⦿ [Meme] First They Came for CentOS (in 2020), But I Said Nothing Because I Didn’t Use CentOS | Techrights ⦿ Elana Hamasman, Who Managed the Defamatory Petition to Remove Richard Stallman From All Leadership Roles, Has Moved to Apple (Proprietary) | Techrights ⦿ After Days of Dissent and Anger From the Fedora Community the Mailing List ’Loses’ All the Messages | Techrights ⦿ [Meme] Painfully Funny But Partly True (About Fedora) | Techrights ⦿ The Backstory of Marcia Wilbur’s Story About Corporations as Freeriders and Community Volunteers as Their Modern ’Slave Labour’ | Techrights ⦿ IBM Still in Control of Fedora-Legal and FESCo Despite Unpaid Volunteer Labor Picking Up More Fedora Grunt Work | Techrights ⦿ IBM Lied. ’One Month’ is Now 2.5 Months and Still Counting... | Techrights ⦿ IRC Proceedings: Tuesday, August 15, 2023 | Techrights ䷼ Bulletin articles (as HTML) to comment on (requires login): http://techrights.org/2023/08/16/adopt-community-controlled-distros/#comments http://techrights.org/2023/08/16/banned-from-fedora/#comments http://techrights.org/2023/08/16/centos-was-just-the-start/#comments http://techrights.org/2023/08/16/elana-hamasman-at-apple/#comments http://techrights.org/2023/08/16/fedora-mailing-list-loses-all-the-messages/#comments http://techrights.org/2023/08/16/fedora-memes/#comments http://techrights.org/2023/08/16/freeriders-and-community/#comments http://techrights.org/2023/08/16/ibm-in-control-of-fedora/#comments http://techrights.org/2023/08/16/ibm-lies/#comments http://techrights.org/2023/08/16/irc-log-150823/#comments ䷞ Followed by Daily Links (assorted news picks curated and categorised): http://techrights.org/2023/08/16/debian-turns-30/#comments http://techrights.org/2023/08/16/first-contact-with-an-antenna/#comments http://techrights.org/2023/08/16/hashicorp-goes-proprietary/#comments http://techrights.org/2023/08/16/old-phone-morning-project/#comments ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 77 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2023/08/16/adopt-community-controlled-distros/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2023/08/16/adopt-community-controlled-distros/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.16.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Techrights’_Position_on_IBM’s_Red_Hat_(and_Fedora):_We_Need_to_Move_Back_to or_Towards_Truly_Community-Controlled_Distros⠀✐ Posted in GNU/Linux, IBM, Red_Hat at 12:18 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Video_download_link | md5sum 0caa2ca230d90ed80b01b7130ceaf9ad Red Hat Abandoning Community Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivative Works 4.0 http://techrights.org/videos/redhat-waning-again.webm Summary: Red Hat is changing (its ego is unfortunately IBM’s) and not for the better; there are many thought-provoking discussions this week from existing and former Fedora volunteers, who aren’t happy about where things are heading/ going THIS past day we wrote a lot about Red Hat because quite a lot is happening, even if what’s left of the mainstream media does not pay attention. Fedora is basically collapsing; many things are becoming orphaned, partly due to IBM- mandated policies. “Even some Fedora developers are openly irritated by what IBM is doing.”The video above discusses some of the more important points, but nevertheless we suggest reading the past day’s posts. It does not look good and we’d advise remaining Fedora users to reconsider trust. Even some Fedora developers are openly irritated by what IBM is doing. █ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 125 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2023/08/16/banned-from-fedora/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2023/08/16/banned-from-fedora/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.16.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Back_On_Libera_Chat,_But_Banned_From_Fedora⠀✐ Posted in Free/Libre_Software, GNU/Linux, IBM, Red_Hat at 4:42 am by Guest Editorial Team Reprinted with permission from Ryan_Farmer One of the “Liberia” Chat staff unbanned me from the network on the conditions that I only maintain one screen name and that I stay out of Fedora’s channels. It turns out that Khaytsus/Walter_Francis reported me for doxing him after he put his picture and real name on fedoraproject dot org. “The CoC complaint I filed with the Fedora Project continues.”I know that they’re reading my blog. Anyway, I think he reported me to the staff to get me k-lined (banned from the network) both as a petty revenge and as a cover-up for calling him an asshole after he said, falsely, that_I_was_“on_meth”_and_“needed_serious_help.” The CoC complaint I filed with the Fedora Project continues. I got another email today thanking me for the screenshots and assuring me that they are investigating the incident. According to the Libera staff member “moonmoon”, they spent all week chasing down my accounts (and I might add banning people who were not even me) because I have a VPN and was just rejoining until they found me again. They said if I would just take a time out for a week then I would be welcome to come back to Libera. I asked “moonmoon”why I was the only one being punished when Walter was the one that had initiated the hostilities. It turned out that the staff (1) had no idea that this incident had occurred and (2) had banned me for the alleged “doxing”. “They said if I would just take a time out for a week then I would be welcome to come back to Libera.” We eventually agreed that since he posted his own details online and I was simply addressing a public figure by name in the room, it was not a doxing, and the ban was lifted. Now Walter still faces the CoC complaint due to the hostilities in the Fedora rooms. I agreed to not go back into the fedora rooms. I have no reason to anyway. I was so furious over the weekend about the entire debacle and what’s been going on at Red Hat that I learned openSUSE Leap with KDE in about a day and now my computers run that. It is disturbing how centralized Free Software discussions have gotten and how itchy some people are to shoot you first and ask questions only a week later after they’ve done so much unnecessary work trying to deal with you, without even giving you a chance to explain yourself before being hit with a k-line. “Now Walter still faces the CoC complaint due to the hostilities in the Fedora rooms.”Anyone can run an IRC server. Techrights has its own. Previously we were just on Freenode and then after the Freenode debacle, Libera. But now there’s a dedicated server. And when you run your own network you decide who is on it. There are people on Libera who like me that couldn’t talk to me for almost a week with any reliability because they jumped straight to a k-line based on a single person lying about me to cover up his own misdeeds, which I find to be very unfortunate. Nobody should have to be banned from an entire network and other people’s rooms over something that happened only in one room and has been dealt with there unless it was an attack on the network or some sort of serious and illegal content that they just can’t allow. Which this wasn’t. “Nobody should have to be banned from an entire network and other people’s rooms over something that happened only in one room and has been dealt with there…” It’s a shame that Walter has only proven my point about Fedora turning into a Kakistokracy, a place governed by only the worst, largely because IBM drove only but the worst away. I think Walter is the only moderator left that’s even very active, at least to the best of my knowledge and given the times of day I was on IRC. There used to be at least 5-6 people online with moderator hats that would have contained this and now it’s just one guy openly trolling people and flaming them and then booting them out. █ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 251 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2023/08/16/centos-was-just-the-start/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2023/08/16/centos-was-just-the-start/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.16.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ [Meme]_First_They_Came_for_CentOS_(in_2020),_But_I_Said_Nothing_Because_I Didn’t_Use_CentOS⠀✐ Posted in GNU/Linux, IBM, Red_Hat at 8:12 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz IBM domino server: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇IBM_domino⦈_ Summary: If we let IBM kill Red Hat, kill communities like Fedora, kill sites (decade-long publications like OpenSource.com and The_Enterprisers_Project) and even kill clones (CentOS and newer clones, which are curtailed_by_limiting access_to_the_source_code), there will be nobody left to speak ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣶⣤⣤⣀⣀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣴⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣖⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⡿⠧⣄⡀⠀⠀⢀⡄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⠷⠶⣿⠋⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣃⢀⣤⣘⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣷⠻⣿⠿⠿⣿⣯⣴⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⠘⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣃⡈⢀⣀⠀⠂⠊⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠻⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣦⣤⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⡏⠛⢁⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣤⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠘⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣠⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⣿⣟⡝⠛⢛⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢰⣦⣤⣄⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣶⣟⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣴⣦⠈⠉⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢣⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⢿⣿⣿⢏⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠙⠂⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣶⣤⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠿⠁⠘⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠥⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠸⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⡾⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠋⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠝⠻⠛⠛⠉⠉⢉⣉⣽⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⠻⢿⣧⠀⠀⠓⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣤⣤⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢤⣤⣤⣶⣶⣾⣿⣷⣦⣤⣤⣤⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 311 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2023/08/16/elana-hamasman-at-apple/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2023/08/16/elana-hamasman-at-apple/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.16.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Elana_Hamasman,_Who_Managed_the_Defamatory_Petition_to_Remove_Richard Stallman_From_All_Leadership_Roles,_Has_Moved_to_Apple_(Proprietary)⠀✐ Posted in Apple, Debian, IBM, Red_Hat at 8:39 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz In her own words: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇hamasman-apple⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇elana-hashman⦈_ Summary: Elana Hamasman, who never truly cared about software freedom, doubles down on anti-Free software agenda; the_petition_against_Dr._Stallman was never about users’ interests but about corporate agenda; Hamasman has meanwhile helped Matthew_J_Garrett, the Coke_Fly doing bios, infiltrate Debian, where he has fantasies about stabbing_volunteers while publicly humiliating many of them and committing a lot of crimes ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⢿⣷⠄⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣶⣾⣶⡄⠀⣀⣠⣠⣶⣶⣶⣦⠀⢀⠁⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠂⡂⡂⠲⠖⠂⡴⠖⠀⡂⡂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠛⠙⠁⢺⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣀⣀⡀⣀⣀⢀⣀⢀⡀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⡀⡀⣀⢀⢀⢀⠀⣀⢀⣀⣀⡀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣘⣉⣛⣈⣀⣀⣜⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣿⢗⢻⢏⡿⡹⡏⢹⣿⡿⢺⢏⢿⢸⣫⢿⠏⡯⡟⣹⡇⠷⢽⢏⢿⢸⠍⡛⣋⢻⢩⣿⢏⢿⢻⡿⡯⢹⢋⣿⣋⠏⢿⠹⡇⡛⣿⡷⢿⢘⢟⡹⢏⠿⣿⠷⡟⡹⢿⢿⢿⢯⡙⡿⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣜⣿⣣⣻⣐⡇⣺⣃⣟⣏⣽⣇⣿⣣⣛⣸⣪⣣⣻⣻⣐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢟⡛⢿⣿⣿⣿⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⡛⣻⣿⣿⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⡂⣹⠀⡄⠉⢐⠀⡇⣐⢸⠀⡆⢸⠀⡆⢰⠀⠇⠒⠈⠀⡄⠈⠰⠡⠀⠇⠁⠴⢼⠀⡃⢰⠈⡇⠸⠀⠁⠤⠀⡇⠨⢐⠒⠀⠈⢐⠀⡇⢰⠀⡇⢰⠀⡿⢿⠀⡄⠱⠂⣴⣿⡇⠀⠨⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣾⣶⣷⣾⣶⣷⣾⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣷⣭⣭⣿⣷⣶⣾⣶⣷⣶⣾⣷⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣾⣶⣷⣶⣶⣷⣾⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣿⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⢿⡿⣿⠻⢿⡿⣿⡿⣿⠻⣿⠿⢻⠿⢿⠏⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠂⣇⣺⡨⣸⣸⣸⡨⣸⡨⣸⣸⢸⡺⣸⢸⡎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⣤⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⡶⣦⣤⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⡧⡉⡿⠉⣉⡉⣉⡉⣭⢹⡏⡯⠃⣼⡇⣿⢎⢉⣉⢨⡍⠉⢝⢹⢩⡝⣿⢸⡷⡇⠫⡍⡏⡿⡏⡇⡆⡀⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠋⣭⠍⡋⣿⣿⡇⡷⢸⢹⢹⢸⢩⢽⢨⢹⢙⣹⢙⠭⡉ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣿⣶⣾⣶⣿⣶⣷⣿⣾⣿⣶⣷⣿⣷⣶⣿⣷⣾⣶⣾⣾⣶⣶⣾⣷⣿⣷⣾⣷⣷⣾⣥⣷⣶⣷⣿⣶⣧⣿⣷⣿⡖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢶⣿⣶⣧⣿⣷⣶⣿⣶⣾⣶⣷⣾⣾⣾⣷⣾⣶⣾⣶ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⢹⢋⢟⢻⢛⢟⣻⢹⢛⢻⢛⢻⢛⣻⣿⡟⣭⣝⢟⡻⢛⡻⢟⡛⡟⡟⡟⡛⡟⡻⡛⡟⣛⡟⣻⣿⢛⢻⢙⣿⠏⢹⡏⠅⡀⡤⣀⣶⣶⡠⠤⡍⡏⠻⡉⠭⢽⣟⢝⢻⡿⡙⣿⣟⢿⢛⢻⢹⢟⢿⣿⡟⣛⢿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣼⣬⣽⣼⣥⣼⣼⣬⣼⣼⣼⣥⣼⣹⣷⣭⣽⣬⣵⣼⣧⣬⡅⣧⣥⣧⣭⣧⣧⣭⣯⣤⣥⣼⣿⣬⣼⣼⣿⣴⣦⣧⣭⣤⣯⣤⣯⣿⣭⣥⣧⣼⣤⣧⣭⣿⣷⣾⣾⣷⣶⣽⣽⣼⢸⣽⣼⣼⣽⣽⡇⣭⣤ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 373 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2023/08/16/fedora-mailing-list-loses-all-the-messages/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2023/08/16/fedora-mailing-list-loses-all-the-messages/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.16.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ After_Days_of_Dissent_and_Anger_From_the_Fedora_Community_the_Mailing_List ‘Loses’_All_the_Messages⠀✐ Posted in GNU/Linux, IBM, Red_Hat at 7:56 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Fedora_mailing_list_dead⦈_ What exactly is going on? Anything like Sirius_‘Open_Source’ shutting down its own communications server (falsely claiming technical issues) while unjustly firing_a_blind_colleague? Summary: IBM/Red_Hat_staff_pushed_back_against_angry_messages_from_Fedora developers,_users,_and_packagers; now the mailing list isn’t working at all ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⢤⣤⣤⣤⣤⢤⣤⡤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡤⢤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣧⣤⣤⣴⣴⣿⣤⣤⣧⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣬⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣿⣷⣶⠈⣆⢆⡠⡀⡆⡑⢰⢂⡎⣹⣍⢒⣇⢠⣈⣆⢌⢸⣏⣙⣏⢍⣏⣉⣽⣪⣊⣢⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣟⠻⠚⠛⠛⢛⣛⠿⢟⠟⠻⠒⠛⠛⡟⠛⠛⣟⠛⢛⢛⠛⠛⡛⠛⠛⠛⣻⣟⢟⡛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣾⣷⣷⣷⣷⣶⣶⣷⣾⣶⣿⣷⣷⣷⣾⣶⣿⣶⣶⣾⣾⣷⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿ ⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡆⣿⠛⢛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠛⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡋⣻⠹⠛⡻⡟⣟⠛⠛⡏⡛⡛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣏⣛⡉⣉⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿ ⣿⣟⣉⢍⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣟⣉⣍⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣏⣉⡙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣥⣤⣴⣹⣤⣼⣤⣶⣤⣼⣴⣴⣤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣥⣼⣤⣴⣤⣬⣤⣼⣦⣴⣦⣦⣼⣶⣤⣦⣴⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣏⣋⣁⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣏⣉⣩⣁⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⡍⠉⠉⠉⣭⡭⠭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣷⣏⣈⣝⣉⡍⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣯⣿⣷⣤⣤⣤⣼⡇⠀⠀⠀⣿⣯⣥⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣗⣉⣍⣋⣫⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⠿⠿⢿⠿⢿⠿⠿⡿⠿⣿⣭⣭⢭⣭⣭⣭⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠱⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣼⣶⣧⣷⣮⣶⣿⠿⠿⠾⠿⠿⠾⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 435 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2023/08/16/fedora-memes/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2023/08/16/fedora-memes/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.16.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ [Meme]_Painfully_Funny_But_Partly_True_(About_Fedora)⠀✐ Posted in GNU/Linux, Humour, IBM, Red_Hat at 1:33 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇I_worked_1000_hours;_And_all_IBM_gave_me_was_a_lousy, worthless_badge⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇A_sheep:_I_kept_my_views_to_myself;_at_the_end_they_cooked me_anyway⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇I_ran_opensource.com_for_decade,_then_IBM_came⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Kylie_fedora_IBM⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇IBM_and_the_Holocaust⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Tin_Foil_Fedora:_If_we_give_the_community_a_majority_in_the committees_and_Council,_then_the_community_might_benefit⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Got_50_panda_NFTs_for_working_on_Fedora;_Still_couldn't_get RHEL_source_code⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Squirrel_in_fedora:_Look,_dude;_We_don't_support squirrelmail_anymore;_we__don't_do_coding,_we_only_compile_stuff⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Built_EPEL_packages_9,000_times;_They_banned_me_for 'offending'_NVIDIA⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Serious_Fedora:_if_you're_going_to_become_a_volunteer, better_not_be_from_a_country_the_US_government_sanctions;_Fedora_will_ban_you⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Yo_momma_so_fat..._[banned_from_IRC_for_joke]⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Yo_Dawg_[_Banned_by_Libera_Chat_]⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇I_said_I_dislike_Flatpak;_Got_k-lined_in_whole_of_Libera Chat⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇When_your_community_is_managed_by_snakes⦈_ Summary: Today we share some memes we’ve made about Fedora; IBM has managed to enrage a lot of volunteers and longtime packagers ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⡴⠶⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠲⠶⠞⠛⠛⠓⠶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠘⠀⢠⠀⠘⠇⠀⠊⠀⠀⢡⡇⠀⡄⠑⡇⠀⠆⢠⡇⠀⠀⠁⠀⡄⠁⡄⢀⠂⠁⣧⠁⢠⠈⢢⠁⢠⠈⢢⠁⢠⠈⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡎⠀⡄⠑⡇⠀⡇⠀⡇⠀⡄⠉⡏⠀⡄⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠸⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⡁⠰⡇⠀⠀⠂⡇⠀⣀⡄⠀⡇⠀⡇⠀⢸⠀⣿⠀⢸⠀⢸⠀⢸⠀⢸⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⢸⡇⠀⡇⠀⡇⠀⡇⠀⡇⠀⡁⠠⣁⣄⠈⠢⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠇⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠸⡇⠀⡇⠀⡇⠀⡄⠘⡇⠀⠒⡇⠀⠃⠀⡇⠀⢸⠀⡿⠀⠘⠀⣼⡀⠘⠀⣼⡀⠘⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⢇⠀⠃⢀⢇⠀⠃⢀⡇⠀⡇⠀⣇⠀⠃⢀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠁⠀⠈⠉⠁⠈⠉⠁⠀⠉⠉⠀⠈⠉⠈⠉⢸⠏⠈⠉⠉⢉⣽⣿⣿⣿⣯⠃⠀⠈⠉⠁⠈⠙⣿⣿⣿⠉⠙⣿⠈⠉⠁⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠉⠉⠀⠀⠉⠉⠁⠈⠉⠉⠉⠀⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠐⠀⡀⣄⣸⣿⠿⠟⠛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠻⠷⣀⣸⡆⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣤⣶⣶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣶⣶⣶⣤⣧⣶⣾⣿⣷⣦⣄⡀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣰⠾⠓⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠉⡇⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⢓ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡁⠁⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣬⣴⣶⣤⣤⣤⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣦⣥⣀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠤⠤⠤⠤⠶⠶⢶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠉⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠳⣶⣄⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣷⣆⡀⠀⣠ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⡄⠀⡀⠀⠀⢰⡀⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⣆⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣦⣁⡀⠁⠀⢀⠀⡃⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣦⣾⣧⢀⣇⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣽⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣶⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣦⣹⡀⠄⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣧⣯⢼⣷⣲⣄⣀⠀⠀⠙⢫⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣷⣤⣀⡀⣠⣶⣄⡀⠀⢀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⣀⠀⠈⠿⠟⠁⠠⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⡿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠘⣿⣿⣄⠀⣸⡏⠋⠈⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⣀⡠⢤⠈⡁⡁⠑⣼⣿⡿⢡⣿⣛⣻⠿⠟⠛⣻⣄⠙⢻⣿⡖⣟⣿⡦⣤⣬⣭⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣆⡀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠗⠉⠀⠀⢸⡄⢇⡄⡀⣻⣿⣧⣿⠯⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠠⡀⡟⢀⡿⣿⣿⡎⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⠃⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣷⡘⠣⠶⢻⣿⠏⠉⠊⠈⠉⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⢙⠇⣜⠈⠚⢿⣯⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠛ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢧⣿⣿⣄⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⡈⢸⣹⠽⣴⣾⣿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠋⠃⠀⠀⠀⢁⠘⣆⠀⠀⢨⣳⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡜⠿⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣶⣶⣤⣤⣤⣠⠀⠀⠀⡎⠀⠹⣦⠀⢸⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣮⡉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⢀⠀⢚⠛⠿⠛⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠰⠃⠀⠀⢻⣇⢸⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣧⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣾⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡎⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠷⡄⠀⠀⠁⢿⣻⢧⡢⡀⠙⠛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡸⣿⣿⣿⠿⠋⠀⢤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣬⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠈⢟⣷⡇⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣽⡋⠁⠀⣿⣷⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢳⡄⠀⠀⢟⣴⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣽⣷⡀⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣹⣱⡄⠀⠈⠙⠻⢿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣄⣄⣠⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⢳⣽⡜⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⡾⡿⣿⣿⣏⣇⠀⠀⠀⠚⡝⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠑⣶⣴⣤⣿⣥⣍⣃⣠⣀⢄⠀⠀⢀⣗⣿⣾⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ 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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣾⠛⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠤⠉⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢷⣻ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⡠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠟⠟⠋⠉⠀⠙⢿⠿⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⢃⣤⣾⣿⡿⠏⠁⢸⣶⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢏⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡅⢸⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠟⣇⠀⢀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⢹⣾⡟⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢫⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣩⣠⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣇⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠐⢄⢄⠀⠀⠹⡿⣿⣞⠈⢿⠁⣽⠉⣷ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡯⡴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⣠⠊⣹⠷⣆⠀⠠⣀⡜⢻⠂⠃⣧⡀⣴⣷⠻⣿⣤⡘⣧⣿⢠⠈ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣯⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⠟⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣶⣷⡎⠀⠀⠙⠃⠛⠂⠀⠸⣿⣬⣆⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣗⠈⠀⡘⠻⣏⢸⠳ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⡁⣠⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⢁⠀⢀⡠⠤⠻⠿⠅⠈⠙⠉⠙⣿⣦⡄⠙⠀⢹⣦⣀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣙⡅⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⣆⠸⠄⠻⣧⡹⠛⣿⠃⠀⠘⢄⠠⢀⠀⠀⢀⡘⡋⠃⠈⠁⢦⠉⠉ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣿⡟⡼⠅⠈⣴⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⣀⠄⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣿⣿⠿⣶⡄⠀⢙⠷⠠⠦⠉⠛⢷⡏⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠀⠓⢤⠀⠳⢹⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣍⣭⡿⣃⠰⠠⢤⡼⠿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠀⠟⠁⠀⠀⠁⠀⢠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣸⣿⣿⡧⠻⠀⠄⠈⡀⠀⠂⠌⢠⠈⡜⠀⠀⠒⠤⠀⠀⠄⠀⠁⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⠋⢙⠙⣟⡉⠉⢉⣹⣿⣿⣉⠉⢉⣹⡏⠉⣿⠉⢹⣸⠉⢉⣹⠀⠀⡏⠉⣉⣻⡏⠙⣾⠋⢻⡟⠉⣙⠛⢻⡟⢲⣏⡉⠉⣉⣿⠉⢹⡏⠉⣿⡏⠉⣉⣿⠉⢳⡎⢹⠗⠂⠀⠐⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣾⠀⡏⣹⠀⢸⠛⠀⡸⢿⠀⢸⢠⡇⠀⠿⠀⢸⣿⠀⠸⢬⠀⠀⡇⠀⠯⣭⡇⢀⢹⠀⢸⡇⠀⣿⡇⢸⣇⠈⡋⡇⠀⡯⢿⠀⠸⠇⠀⣿⡇⠀⠯⡅⣇⢸⠁⡼⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⡀⠈ 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⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⠀⠃⡄⠀⢻⠀⠀⢸⣄⠑⢾⠀⡇⢸⠀⠀⠀⡇⠘⠠⡇⢸⣤⡇⠘⢻⣿⠀⣧⣼⠀⡇⢸⡇⡀⢀⠀⡏⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣧⡀⢀⣼⣀⣿⣇⣀⣻⣀⣆⣸⣀⠃⣸⣀⠃⣸⣄⠀⣠⣇⣸⣀⣇⠘⣀⣇⣘⣻⣻⣀⠃⣸⣄⠃⣸⣇⣇⣸⣀⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⢻⠟⠛⢿⠟⠻⢿⣿⠟⠻⠿⡟⠛⣿⠟⠛⢿⠟⠛⣿⠛⠿⢿⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢻⠀⡇⢸⠀⠃⢸⣿⠀⢸⠀⡇⠘⡇⠀⣧⣼⠀⡀⣿⠀⡇⢸⠀⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⡿⣀⢃⣸⣀⣇⣸⠹⣀⣈⣀⣇⣘⣣⡀⢃⣜⣀⣄⣸⣀⣃⣸⣀⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣤⣤⣬⣥⣴⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⣀⣠⣤⣤⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠛⠋⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠉⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⡛⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣍⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣷⣦⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣟⣻⣯⡭⠉⠀⠦⠄⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠶⠀⠀⢦⣠⣴⣶⣶⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠿⠿⠿⠛⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣁⣴⣄⣀⡀⢀⣀⠀⠀⢧⣠⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣤⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠁⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⡆⠀⣠⣀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣿⡟⣸⣿⣿⣮⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⢛⣋⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠟⡿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠩⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ 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⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⡠⠤⠀⠀⠀⠠⠤⠖⠒⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠒⠒⠒⠒⠂⢈⣉⣉⣉⡉⠭⠤⠤⠀⠤⠴⠒⠒⠂⠀⠀⣋⣉⣉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⣉⣩⠁⠀⠀⠀⠤⠶⠀⠀⠐⠒⠂⠀⠈⣉⣉⣉⡅⠠⠤⠤⠤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠂⠀⠀⠀⢒⣋⣉⣉⣉⡁⠀⠀⠀⠤⠤⠐⠒⠒⠂⢐⣒⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⣉⡁⠀⠀⠀⠠⠤⠄⠀⠀⠒⠂⠀⠀⢒⣋⠀⠈⣉⠁⠨⠤⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠤⠤⠤⠶⠀⠒⠒⠒⢚⣋⣉⡉⠉⠀⠭⠤⠤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠒⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠒⠒⠂⠉⠀⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ 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⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⡏⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠀⠀⢹⣝⣷⣟⣻⣶⢿⠇⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣶ ⠀⠀⠀⣀⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠟⠿⠧⠘⠂⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠈⠉⠉ ⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡿⡏⢡⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⠃⡔⠀⢺⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠉⠛⠛⠿⠿⠿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠐⠫⣿⠔⣰⠋⠀⠀⠻⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠠⠒⡀⣹⡏⡰⠀⠈⠆⠈⠓⠳⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⢀⠀⠀⢐⠁⠏⣴⣧⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⢀⣈⢠⢰⡟⣿⣿⡸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠸⣲⢺⡘⠂⠿⢿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀ ⠀⢀⠀⢇⠀⢷⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣦⣤⣀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⢙⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡛⠻⡈⠙⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠈⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠁⠰⣄⣀⣤⡄⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠿⠿⠿⢿⡿⠍⠋⠙⠛⠿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣤⣶⣤⣴⣅⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⢀⣀⣠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣄⡀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦ ⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⠿⢿⢿⠿⠿⠿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⡿⢿⠿⡿⠿⠿⣿⠿⢿⡿⠿⡿⠿⡿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉ ⡿⠠⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⢸⠀⠀⡇⣸⡇⢈⠰⠀⠀⠀⡏⢸⠀⠀⠤⡇⠀⡇⠀⠠⠀⢺⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣷⣾⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣿⣷⣾⣶⣶⣷⣶⣷⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣿⣿⡿⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠉⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⢻⡇⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠐⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣄⣶⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣶⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⢛⣿⣶⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ 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⡿⣹⣿⡿⡗⣿⣷⣧⣿⣿⣿⢿⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠈⠛⠿⠟⠋⠀⠀⠹⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢺⡩⠏⡻⠈⠩⠟⠆⠍⠭⠞⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠟⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠈⠠⠄⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠁⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⡇⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠝⢻⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⡀⣀⣡⣤⣤⣄⣤⣀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡿⠉⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠲⢿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⢿⣿⣿⡇⠙⠿⣿⠃⠀⠀⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⢆⠀⣰⠀⡆⠀⠀⢰⠀⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡆⢰⠀⡀⠀⠀⡅⢠⠈⡉⠂⠉⠉⠉⡏⠉⠏⠉⠉⠀⢰⠀⠂⢰⠀⢀⠀⣠⠙⠉⡏⠁⠀⠀⢱⠀⡆⢩⠙⡏⠉⠉⡉⠉⣹⡏⢉⠙⡏⢉⡉⠙⠉⡏⢉⡉⢉⡉⠉⡉⢉⣹ ⠀⢸⠀⣿⠀⡄⠀⠀⣸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡄⢸⠀⡀⠀⠀⡇⢸⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⢸⠀⣼⠀⣿⡄⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⡇⢨⠉⡇⠀⠀⡇⠀⣿⡇⢠⠀⡇⢠⡄⢀⠀⡇⢠⡅⢠⡄⠀⡇⢸⣿ ⠀⠈⠒⠛⠒⠓⠒⠒⠚⠒⠒⠂⠀⠒⠂⠒⠓⠊⠒⠒⠀⠐⠐⢾⡖⠐⠐⠒⠒⠒⠑⠚⠚⠒⠱⠄⠾⡶⢷⠞⠒⠙⠒⠁⠓⠂⠀⠐⠒⠒⣾⠒⠁⠀⢲⣷⣶⣶⣷⣶⣿⣷⠶⠶⢷⢶⣶⣾⣶⣷⣶⣶⣾⣷⣶⣷⣾⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣧⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣩⣭⣍⡻⣿⠿⢿⡿⣛⡛⢿⡟⣭⣭⣭⡝⢫⣭⣭⡙⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⠏⣭⡝⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⢫⣭⢩⣭⢩⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⡽⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ 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⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⡀⢆⡘⡀⢆⡸⠀⡸⠀⡸⣀⢀⠠⣀⡀⠌⣀⢀⠸⣀⣁⠀⠂⡇⣀⠇⣀⠾⣀⣁⠀⠀⢀⣀⡠⠃⣈⠠⢇⠠⡀⠃⠸⣀⠇⠘⢀⣁⡰⠄⣀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⡀⢒⠂⡀⢒⠂⡄⠂⠀⡄⠂⠐⢢⠀⡌⠒⠢⠀⢀⠐⠀⠂⡄⢢⠒⠂⠀⠔⠒⠢⡕⢠⠂⡔⢢⠂⡕⢢⢠⠐⠒⢄⠐⡒⢠⠐⢢⠐⢠⠐⠂⢨⠂⡔⢢⠂⠒⢢⢠⠐⠒⠔⠒⠒⡔⢢⠒⡄⠒⠂⠒⠂⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⡇⢸⠤⡇⢸⠀⡇⢸⠀⡇⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠘⠀⡁⠀⡄⠀⠀⠃⢸⠀⣓⠄⠀⠀⠀⡇⠈⠀⡇⢸⠆⠀⠆⠀⠀⡧⢼⠀⡇⢸⠀⠈⠀⢸⠀⢃⣸⠀⡇⢸⠀⠀⡣⢸⣀⠑⠎⡇⢸⡇⢸⠀⡇⢘⡃⠀⣳⠀⠀⠁ ⠀⠀⠀⢇⣘⡀⠃⣘⡀⢇⣘⣀⣇⣀⣀⡀⣀⢆⣘⣀⡃⡄⢃⣀⢆⣀⠸⣀⣁⠈⢄⣀⡠⢇⡠⣀⢇⣈⣀⣀⠆⠠⣀⣃⠜⢀⣃⠸⣀⣆⣄⡸⣀⠇⢸⣀⢇⣈⣀⣀⡰⠸⢀⣃⠘⣇⣸⠃⣘⡀⢇⡸⢁⣀⠇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠂⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⡀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠐⢀⠀⠁⠄⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠁⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠀⠀⠀⣤⣤⣤⣀⢠⣤⣤⣤⡄⣤⡄⣤⣤⢠⣤⣤⣤⠀⢠⣤⣤⡄⣤⣤⣤⡀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢩⡝⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣹⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⣿⠈⣿⣿⠉⠀⢸⣿⣏⡁⣿⣏⣿⡇⣿⣏⡉⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⢻⣷⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⡟⠃⣿⡟⠛⠁⣿⡟⠃⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⠿⠿⠿⠘⠿⠿⠿⠁⠿⠇⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠀⠀⠸⠿⠿⠇⠿⠇⠀⠀⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠋⣉⣉⣉⡉⣁⣉⣀⠁⣀⣤⣄⡀⣀⣀⢀⣀⠀⣀⣀⡀⠀⣀⣤⣀⠀⣀⣀⣀⢀⣤⣄⡀⠀⠀⣠⣤⣄⠀⠀⢀⣠⣤⡀⠀⣠⣤⣀⠀⣠⣤⣄⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⢀⣀⡀⣀⣀⡀⣀⣀⣈⢉⣭⣍⡉⢻⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⡏⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⡟⢀⣿⣿⣧⢸⣿⡿⠿⡇⣿⡏⠉⣿⣿⡿⠷⠀⢸⣿⡏⣿⡇⠀⣾⣿⢹⣿⢸⣿⢹⣿⣶⣿⡏⣿⡇⠀⠉⣿⣿⠉⣿⣿⢸⣿⣷⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⠉⣿⣿⡿⠿⢸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⠛⢣⣿⣿⣿⡆⣿⡇⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣇⢸⣿⣹⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⡟⠛⣈⣛⣿⣦⠀⠘⠿⠷⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⠃⣈⣛⣿⣧⠈⣿⣿ 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⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠻⢿⣶⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⢿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⢿⣿⣿⣧⡈⠻⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠨⠿⠀⠈⠥⠤⢀⣤⣤⣼⣷⣶⣞⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠿⣿⣧⣄⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠿⣶⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⢿⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠃⠐⠒⠐⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⡆⠀⠛⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀ ⣄⡀⠉⠻⠿⣶⣄⣀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⣶⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⢷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣤⣴⣾⣷⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣶⣦⡀⠈⠙⠛⢷⣆⣀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⢷⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⠷⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣶⣆⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣇⣼⡉⠛⠷⣤⣄⡀⠀⠈⠙⠻⢶⣤⣀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠷⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣯⣤⡀⠀⠉⠛⠲⢦⣄⡀⠀⠈⠙⠳⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠙⠳⣦⣀⠀⠀⡀⠀⢠⣄⢀⣾⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡦⣄⡀⠀⠈⠙⢶⣦⣀⣀⢀⣉⣻⣶⣤⣤⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣀⢸⣆⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⢰⠿⠿⠟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠈⢿⡿⠷⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣟⠛⠉⠉⢿⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡷⠦⠄⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣉⢹⠉⠉⠉⠉⠙⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠻⠿⠍⠁⠉⠀⠀⠉⢸⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠐⠒⠛⠓⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⣇⣀⣀⣀⡠⠬⡦⠤⠤⠤ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡿⠄⠀⠀⠈⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣹⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⣶⢰⡶⠆⢰⣆⣶⢠⡶⣦⢰⡆⣶⢰⣶⣶⣶⡄⣶⠶⠀⣴⣶⣦⢠⡶⣦⢰⡆⣶⣴⡆⣴⣶⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢳⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠉⣽⢁⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⣿⢸⡷⠆⠀⣿⡏⢸⡇⣿⢸⡇⣿⠄⢸⣿⢿⡅⣿⠶⠀⣿⣯⣭⢸⡇⣿⢸⡇⣿⣿⡇⣿⣯⣭⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣴⣦⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⠸⠇⠀⠀⠻⠇⠘⠷⠟⠘⠷⠟⠀⠸⠿⠻⠇⠿⠶⣀⡹⠿⠿⠘⠷⠟⠸⠇⠿⠸⠇⠹⠿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤ ⣿⣿⡯⢸⠃⣼⣿⠃⣸⣿⢩⣥⣬⣩⣶⣄⠀⢠⡤⣤⢠⣤⡄⣤⢦⡄⣤⢶⡄⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⠀⠀⣤⣄⠀⢠⡌⣤⣤⡴⣦⢠⣤⠀⣤⢠⡄⣤⢠⡄⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⣤⣤⢠⣤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉ ⣿⣿⡧⣼⣼⣿⣿⣤⣿⣿⡆⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⡷⣿⢸⡷⠆⣿⢘⡃⣿⢸⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⢰⡟⣿⠀⢸⣷⣿⢸⡇⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⢸⡇⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⢸⣿⠆⣿⡷⢸⡷⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣤⣧⣤⢻⡟⠀⣿⣿⡇⠿⠇⠻⠿⠟⠀⠸⠷⠿⠸⠷⠆⠿⠾⠇⠻⠾⠇⠿⠼⠧⠿⠿⠷⠆⠸⠟⠿⠆⠀⠿⠿⠘⠷⠿⠸⠿⠆⠿⠾⠃⠿⠹⠇⠸⠿⠸⠿⠶⠿⠷⠸⠇⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢾⠧⢼⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣬⡻⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⢌⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠿⣿⣿⠄⠘⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⠇⠀⠀⢸⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣝⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣝⣪⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠁⠀⠀⠀⢻⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣧⢰⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⢀⣀⠤ 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⣿⣿⣄⣜⢸⡇⢸⡏⣿⢸⣏⡁⠸⣿⣿⢷⣎⣿⠀⢸⣏⣿⢸⣇⣿⢸⣿⡇⣿⣏⢸⡏⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⡇⣿⣍⢸⣿⣿⢸⣿⠀⢰⣎⣿⣸⡷⣿⣿⢻⣿⢿⣷⡶⢸⣿⢸⣿⢿⣿⡿⣿⢻⡇⣾⣹⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠊⠁⠈⠁⠉⠈⠉⠁⠀⠈⠁⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠉⠈⠀⠉⠁⠀⠉⠁⠉⠉⠈⠁⠉⠈⠀⠁⠈⠈⠀⠁⠉⠉⠈⠀⠉⠀⠉⠀⠀⠈⠁⠈⠁⠉⠈⠀⠁⠀⠉⠀⠈⠁⠈⠁⠀⠉⠀⠉⠈⠁⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣽⣿⣿⣷⣦⣐⠶⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⠠⣐⢶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡶⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢶⣆⡀⢰⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢲⡆⠀⡆⠀⠀⢰⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣮⡻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣌⡳⢝⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠢⢿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⢸⠃⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣙⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣻⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⢸⣧⠀⠀⢸⠁⠒⠈⠉⠁ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣈⣻⣿⠿⢷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⢻⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠉⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠂⠸⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⠿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⡀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠿⠽⢦⡀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⢿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣷⡝⠻⣿⣿⣄⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣄⣒⣶⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⡛⠋⠀⠉⠻⢿⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⢿⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⣿⣿⠂⠈⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠈⠙⠿⣿⣶⣤⡀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠿⣶⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⢷⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠓⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣤⣶⣶ ⣷⣶⣤⠀⠉⠙⠿⣷⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⣶⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⢷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡟⢛⠿⢿⣦⣀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠶⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⢷⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⢦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣧⣄⠈⠙⠻⢶⣄⡀⠀⠀⠉⠛⢶⣦⣀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⣦⣘⡄⡟⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠦⣄⡀⠀⠀⠙⠳⣦⣄⠀⠀⣈⣙⣷⣤⣴⣶⣦⣼⣿⣿⣧⣤⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣄⣀⣼⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠛⣟⠉⠉⠉⠉ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠿⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⡿⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⡟⠛⠋⠉⠁⠸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⠿⠛⢲⣾⣿⠁⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢛⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣧⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠋⠉⠻⡇⠈⠃⠀⢠⣿⣿⠃⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣹⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⠒⡗⠒⠒⠉⠉⠉⡏⠉⠉⠉ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⠃⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠛⠿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⠀⠀⠀ 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⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣶⣤⣄⣴⣶⣿⡿⣫ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⠏⣼⣿⣿⣿⠏⣾⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡰⣽⣿⣿⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⠀⢿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣟⠀⠐⣿⣿⣿⡇⠈⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣆⠘⠿⣿⣿⡄⠘ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⣤⣤⣤⣭⣛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣬⣰⣶⣦ ⣀⣀⣀⣤⣤⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⣶⣤⣤⣤⣠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⣤⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣌⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢿⠁⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠉⢿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠿⠿⠿⠷⠌⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⡿⠿⠋⠉⠁⠈⠙⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠿ ⠀⠠⢿⠟⠙⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢶⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠉⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣄⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣠⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⢈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠈⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠁⠉⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⣀⡀⢀⠀⣠⣶⣤⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠿⠀⠀⡂⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠰⠟⠛⠻⠇⠈⠉⠁⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⢨⡀⠀⡄⠸⣘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠐⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠈⠽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣀⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣠⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠁⠈⠉⠉⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ 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⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⠿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⠿⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀⣿⡇⣿⣿⢻⣷⢸⣿⡿⠇⣿⡟⣿⡇⣿⣟⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣏⣭⡅⣿⡟⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣷⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡿⢹⣿⡿⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠿⣷⣿⠟⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣶⡆⠀⠻⣿⣿⠟⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣷⡆⣿⡇⣿⣿⣾⡿⢸⣿⣷⡆⣿⡇⣿⣇⣿⡟⣿⣿⠀⠘⢿⣿⡿⠃⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣀⣀⣀⡀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣄⣀⣀⡉⠒⢄⡀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀ ⠀⣿⠛⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢙⣦⣀⠀⢀⣠⡄⠀⠘⡋⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣀⣀⠾⣷⣤⣴⠻⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠢⣦⡀⠀⣠⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⢀⣀⣤⣶⣷⠀ ⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣷⣶⣶⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠉⣤⡒⠀⠤⢀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣶⠶⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠇⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣷⣤⣜⠿⣦⣀⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠛⡻⣯⣤⣤⣜⣛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠐⠠⣀⠀⠈⢻⣿⢻⣿⣿⣷⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣾⣿⣿⣯⣥⣄⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣷⣮⣿⣿⣿⠗⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠂⠀⢟⠁⠀⠈⠝⠛⠷⣶⣤⣀⡀⠀⠀⠑⠀⢉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⡀⠀ ⠀⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣯⠻⣿⣿⣿⡅⠀⣼⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠴⠿⠟⠿⠓⠦⡀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀ ⠀⠀⠠⠄⠀⠀⠀⠒⠂⠀⠀⣤⠀⠼⣿⣤⣾⣿⣿⣥⡄⢈⣹⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⡄⠀⠀⡀⠈⠁⠀⠈⢩⣭⣩⣷⡟⢿⣞⠓⠯⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢽⠿⠟⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣐⡲⣦⣄⢀⡶⠚⠛⠋⠉⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠰⢯⣝⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣈⣀⣤⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⣤⣀⣀⡶⠃⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⠳⠆⠀⠀⠀⠠⣤⡄⠉⠀⠉⢿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣷⣦⣴⣶⣤⣉⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣧⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣀⡀⠘⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣝⡻⢦⣄⡙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣄⠀⠈⠙⠿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣬⣁⠰⢦⣌⡛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣤⣤⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣾⡛⢿⢿⣿⣷⣌⢠⣦⡀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣯⣿⣷⣦⣍⡻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣭⣿⣷⣾⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣉⠛⠟⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣭⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠛⠀⣹⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣀⢀⠀⠀⠉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⠀⠖⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⠢⡀⣳⣾⣟⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠛⠉⠈⠉⢿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠘⠿⢻⣿⡯⢹⡛⠿⢾⣬⣉⠻⠏⠁⠉⠙⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠶⣶⣶⣿⣿⡿⠃⠙⠿⠿⠟⠋⠀⠀⠰⣶⠿⣿⣷⣤⣈⠛⠿⣶⣤⡀⠚⠷⣦⡄⠈⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣶⣆⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠈⢛⣛⣻⣤⡀⠀⠠⣶⡾⣟⠀⠄⠀⣀⣀⡀⠻⣿⣝⣻⣶⣶⣙⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣤⣀⣤⣈⣙⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣯⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣟⣻⣤⣤⣴⣶⣶⣾⣧⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣝⠻⣿⣿⣾⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣭⡉⠉⠉⠀⠀⢀⣠⣤⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠁⠉⠉⠉⠉⣸⣿⣿⣷⣤⣍⣀⣀⣙⡟⠿⣷⣝⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⢈⣿⣶⣿⡟⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣦⣤⣤⣤⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⠟⠉⣠⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣶⠶⠦⡤⡤⡼⡿⠿⡿⡷⣶⢶⢶⠿⢿⠿⠿⡿⠿⣿⠿⠿⡿⠯⡭⢿⠿⡿⠿⢿⠿⠿⡿⡿⡿⡿⠿⡿⡷⣯⠭⠿⠿⣿⠿⡿⢿⠽⣿⢽⢿⠶⢤⠤⢴⠿⢿⠿⢿⡿⠿⢿⢿⢿⡿⠿⡿⡿⣿⠿⡿⠿⢿⠿⡿⠧⡀ ⠀⣿⡄⢀⠃⡇⡅⡇⢨⡇⠁⣿⡎⣼⢸⢸⠀⠀⡇⡅⣿⠀⡷⡇⡇⡇⡌⡄⡇⠀⢸⠀⠀⡇⠁⡇⣿⢸⣧⢱⣿⠀⠦⡐⣿⢠⢡⢸⠠⢹⠈⢸⠰⢸⢸⢺⠀⣽⢸⢸⡇⢨⢺⡀⣿⡧⡑⡇⡀⡇⠆⡇⠀⢿⢨⡧⡑⡅ ⠿⠛⠓⠚⠒⠳⠷⠷⠶⠓⠓⠋⠓⠋⠒⠊⠑⠊⠓⠓⠙⠓⠚⠓⠒⠓⠓⠓⠓⠛⠚⠓⠚⠓⠓⠓⠿⠚⠙⠚⠉⠒⠓⠒⠛⠚⠚⠒⠚⠚⠚⠚⠚⠚⠒⠚⠒⠚⠒⠚⠓⠒⠚⠓⠛⠓⠒⠓⠓⠓⠓⠒⠒⠚⠒⠓⠒⠿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1201 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2023/08/16/freeriders-and-community/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2023/08/16/freeriders-and-community/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.16.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ The_Backstory_of_Marcia_Wilbur’s_Story_About_Corporations_as_Freeriders_and Community_Volunteers_as_Their_Modern_‘Slave_Labour’⠀✐ Posted in Debian, Deception, Free/Libre_Software, IBM, Red_Hat, Ubuntu at 1:51 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Video_download_link | md5sum 2943cf362ee1599c4bd144a7ac216bef Pot, Kettle, Black Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivative Works 4.0 http://techrights.org/videos/freeloading-hypocrisy.webm Summary: Corporations that are somewhat like leeches (leveraging the work of GNU hackers while deleting them from historical timelines) are becoming more of a liability because of their community-shaming, exploitation, and mass bans (usually the Codes of Conduct help them justify that); we need to steer things back in the direction of communities, wherein the needs of users — not just greedy businesses — are put first, ensuring users’ freedom or true control by computer users (Android is a cautionary tale) THE VIDEO above (unscripted and unedited, as usual) covers several aspects not mentioned in the text below, so we suggest watching it too (or listening to it; our videos are blind people-friendly). The text below is for reading and it does cover some of the more important points. =============================================================================== Hours ago we published an_article_by_Marcia_Wilbur. She wrote some thoughts about contributions by companies, real threats (paraphrasing an insult from Red Hat), and Edubuntu being “fully supported” by Canonical, according to Canonical. Who is freeloading? Who’s the parasite? Who cashes in on all the work and who is being exploited as uncompensated staff or de facto slave labour? As a reminder, Techrights is a non-profit operation that never had sources of income. Is that fair? This year I discovered that Sirius_‘Open Source’ had plundered_my_colleagues_and_I_for_years. We still have months’ worth of material to publish about it as an ombudsman is likely the next step. We’ve meanwhile also discovered the role of Matthew_J_Garrett, the Coke_Fly doing bios, in disrupting the company by doxing. That’s a story for another day though. We’ve got plenty of time to cover that. There’s a story behind Marcia’s article. Earlier this month she expressed concerns about Ubuntu contributions. “While researching the Edubuntu packages to use as an example as to [freeriding],” she said, she found “they’re not contributing to the community [and] I have uncovered something very interesting!” 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Marcia Wilbur⦈ “Well, I thought it was interesting. The control file description stated that Ubuntu fully supported the packages but when I joined the development list and asked this was not true at all, and I was told this was just left in the control file from previously [done work].” I told her that Canonical was quite parasitic from the start, taking the work of Debian volunteers and hiring away some critical developers. Ubuntu_was selling_itself_using_sex. Marcia, being from the Debian camp, agreed about Canonical’s role. “Yeah,” she said, “this being said, the author did point out that most Ubuntu distros do not contribute any development. Can’t argue with that!” Last month I did a lengthy_video_about_that. Marcia decided to look a little deeper and ask around to affirm her initial findings. “I was able to get a hold of a project Scribus,” she said, “in IRC.” “Also, I was told by the Edubuntu dev team that the description in the control file saying they fully support… is a mistake!” “From what they’re telling me, they pretty much just customize the distro and don’t have anything original in development. Do you know how successful education apps can be? Not one single original education app from Ubuntu devs is available in Edubuntu pkgs.” “But my favorite part was when the point of contact in the Edubuntu conversation tried to tell me how distros “are”, that distros don’t usually have anything new in development unless it’s maybe an administrative tool.” “When it actually, the exciting part about a new distro — or respin — is when the distro not only focuses on the audience needs for software specifically selected to that focus, but also to some new tool, utility or application available in the distro. And I have seen distros [which had] spun around an exciting new tool.” Fedora created several additional tools, but the large majority of the software wasn’t Red Hat’s. Marcia saw the same in Debian and Ubuntu. “With Debian base, not always the case. But to justify not contributing to development of packages, when Edubuntu is only repackaging basically… saying well no one else is developing for their distro… well, it’s just disappointing.” “GNU/Linux is widespread and Free software is highly ubiquitous. But are some companies engaging in exploitative tactics by misattribution and — adding insult to injury — community-shaming?”“Hey, I get it but they’re just re- packaging packages and calling it their own without contributing anything back to the projects. And then to see in the control file the description states it’s fully supported by canonical!” “I mean sure, I have dependencies on other projects always but I’m not a corporation or company charging half $1 million dollars for 2 OS licenses for 2 hardware products…” “Add to that, the entire fully supported thing… I was told the description in the control file was a mistake. Really?” So we have companies like Canonical raking in millions (or in IBM’s case, billions) without doing much of the critical work. Or, in some cases, any of the work. Is that fair? GNU/Linux is widespread and Free software is highly ubiquitous. But are some companies engaging in exploitative tactics by misattribution and — adding insult to injury — community-shaming? “And apropos real community-based distros,” a person has pointed out to us, “Devuan_just_released_version_5 (Daedalus).” █ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⠟⠿⠛⠉⠁⠀⠈⠀⠀⠈⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⠛⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠿⠿⠛⠛⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠟⠛⣛⣋⣉⣥⡬⠴⣖⣒⡂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢿⣛⣛⣿⡭⠭⠽⠟⠓⢚⣋⣉⣥⡤⠴⠶⣚⣛⣫⣭⣵⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣉⣩⡤⠤⠴⢖⣒⣛⣫⣭⣭⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣴⣶⣶⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣟⣛⣭⣭⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠟⠛⠋⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣫⣭⣭⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⠿⠿⠟⠛⠋⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠿⠟⠛⠋⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1399 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2023/08/16/ibm-in-control-of-fedora/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2023/08/16/ibm-in-control-of-fedora/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.16.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ IBM_Still_in_Control_of_Fedora-Legal_and_FESCo_Despite_Unpaid_Volunteer_Labor Picking_Up_More_Fedora_Grunt_Work⠀✐ Posted in Free/Libre_Software, GNU/Linux, IBM, Law, Red_Hat at 12:00 am by Guest Editorial Team Reprinted with permission from Ryan_Farmer IBM Still In Control Of Fedora-Legal and FESCo Despite Unpaid Volunteer Labor Picking Up More Fedora Grunt Work. While IBM is purging LibreOffice, a bunch of GNOME, parts of the Bluetooth stack, and everything related to trying to manage an Apple device from file managers and media players, among others, and tossing the work onto unpaid volunteers, spreading FUD about the competition’s Enterprise Linux distros (they are now squarely into full blown paranoid), and promoting_Microsoft “Clown_Computing”_as_a_replacement_for_LibreOffice…. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇IBM_Office_Space⦈_ So Red Hat is essentially killing all work on desktop packages, not just on LibreOffice? Also considering that several of those packages are libraries that cannot just be put on Flathub as LibreOffice can (which was their excuse for terminating all work on LibreOffice packaging). With the layoff and the destruction of the position of the Fedora Program Manager, the termination of public RHEL source releases, and this move, Red Hat is really turning into an unfriendly company, and I really have to wonder whether Fedora is going to be of any use to me in the long run. -Kevin Kofler Later on, IBM Red Hat showed up and started doing damage control and pimping Microsoft and Google “Clown Office” programs. Also a lot use online docs like Office365 or Google docs. I personally used to use Libreoffice a lot but now I mostly use gDocs. […] This sort of comment is off topic, various companies are free to do with their data as they wish, just as you are free to do with it as you please. Frankly it’s_often_more_secure_with_cloud_providers [ed: link mine] than on corporate networks. Either way that comment doesn’t provide useful discourse in this discussion. -Peter Robinson (IBM Red Hat) The comment about Clown Computing being more secure was shot down again just several days ago. Microsoft Azure, Office 365, OneDrive, and Outlook all have terrible security records. Just awful. But this time it affected banks and other Azure Clown deployment customers.  According to data from Google Project Zero, Microsoft products have accounted for an aggregate of 42.5% of all zero-days discovered since 2014. Microsoft’s lack of transparency applies to breaches, irresponsible security practices and vulnerabilities, all of which expose their customers to risks they are deliberately kept in the dark about. In March 2023, a member of Tenable’s Research team was investigating Microsoft’s Azure platform and related services. The researcher discovered an issue which would enable an unauthenticated attacker to access cross-tenant applications and sensitive data, such as authentication secrets. To give you an idea of how bad this is, our team very quickly discovered authentication secrets to a bank. They were so concerned about the seriousness and the ethics of the issue that we immediately notified Microsoft. Did Microsoft quickly fix the issue that could effectively lead to the breach of multiple customers’ networks and services? Of course not. They took more than 90 days to implement a partial fix – and only for new applications loaded in the service. That means that as of today, the bank I referenced above is still vulnerable, more than 120 days since we reported the issue, as are all of the other organizations that had launched the service prior to the fix. And, to the best of our knowledge, they still have no idea they are at risk and therefore can’t make an informed decision about compensating controls and other risk-mitigating actions. Microsoft claims that they will fix the issue by the end of September, four months after we notified them. That’s grossly irresponsible, if not blatantly negligent. We know about the issue, Microsoft knows about the issue, and hopefully, threat actors don’t. -Tenable CEO Amit Yoran “Microsoft: The truth Is even worse than you think” “Clown Computing” is just dumb. Even if we take a sidebar from the security angle for a moment, where Microsoft just leaves critical bugs open while attackers take your banking information and Social Security numbers and file, downloading an ENTIRE OFFICE SUITE into a Web browser every time you need to edit a document, and trusting that you’ll have Internet access, that Microsoft can keep their server running 100% of the time (they don’t), and that they won’t have crashes and lose your files, then how are you supposed to edit your files or even access them if your subscription lapses, or they say you can’t use it anymore? One of the people on the Fedora Hyperkitty thread mentioned how IBM Red Hat blocks people from getting RHEL or updates for RHEL from countries on the US Export Control List. Do you know that your country won’t be added to the list at some point? Then how do you get your “Clown data”? Also raised was the obvious issue of foreign governments, businesses, and citizens storing their data on Microsoft servers in the United States. This is not only stupid, it’s actually against the law in some cases. Clearly IBM is only worrying about customers in the United States, and even then only barely. It encourages them to do foolish things with their data, even something as stupid as editing documents. Then the guy says it’s “easier to share” in the Clown. Like, you can’t email a document to someone? Most of the rest is just chatter about unpaid volunteers doing work in IBM’s GULAG, that will benefit IBM, and they won’t even be paid for it. Then in return, IBM won’t even necessarily show you the code when it ends up in RHEL. IBM is making decisions for RHEL customers and the remainder of the Fedora “community” that are not in the best interests of those customers or the community. About the only contribution IBM makes anymore to Fedora is hosting and build bots, and that’s about it. In exchange for that, IBM lawyers and IBM employees on FESCo decide what will happen in Fedora. To an extent, that’s always been true, but it was also true that Red Hat (before and after IBM) was doing more of the grunt work. I’m amazed that Kevin Kofler even managed to post on Hyperkitty. He was banned by_decree_of_IBM_from_Fedora-KDE, which they don’t even care about and which is now rotting away. At one point, Kofler_was_on_FESCo,_and_he_generally_got_outvoted_8-1_on_things, because Red Hat (now IBM) has basically all of the seats. They set it up so they always get what they want. It’s like the Illinois legislature, but the only people who get to decide anything are Chicago politicians. There is certainly nothing wrong with making money selling Free Software, but IBM’s actions lately have made it an “unreliable” partner to their customers and to Fedora’s users (which have value as testers and package integrators, not that IBM cares). Their decisions have been chaotic and announced as they were being implemented. If you are a RHEL customer, you presumably want predictability. Why settle for this? █ ⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢩⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⠍⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣭⣭⣭⣭⡭⣭⣭⠭⣉⡉⣉⡉⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣍⣉⣉⣉⣉⣭⣍⣭⠭⠭⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠍⠉⠩⠭ ⡇⠀⣤⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⣠⣶⣶⣶⣖⣒⣐⣛⠛⠛⠻⠿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⠟⣿⡇⣿⣹⠇⣿⣷⣿⡇⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣤⣬⣌⠀⢀⣀⣀⠀⢀⣦⣤⣄⠀⠀⠐⠿⠿⠟⠛ ⡇⢠⡄⡄⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⡉⠉⠉⠻⠿⠿⣶⣶⣦⣤⠀⠀⣴⣾⣷⠀⠀⠀⢠⡀⠀⠄⣿⡇⣿⣹⡇⣿⢻⣿⡇⣘⣛⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢛⣍⣩⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣟⢻⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⣀⣃⠇⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⢯⡀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣴⣿⣷⢠⣷⣯⣵⣽⣿⣶⠉⠈⣭⣥⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣌⢹⣯⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢀⡀ ⡇⡅⡇⠋⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⡛⠲⣶⠀⢀⣺⣿⣷⣿⣿⣛⠿⣿⣿⡿⡟⢻⣾⣿⣿⢿⡿⡿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣇⣷⣼⣇ ⡇⣷⣷⣼⡄⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⢻⡿⠲⠎⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣂⠐⣻⠛⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣶⡅⣶⣶⠀⠀⣿⣿⣾⣾⣾⣿⡇⠉⠹⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⢛⡻⣴⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠉⠀⠀⠀⠈⢨⠍⠉⠁ ⡇⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢈⣀⣀⣤⡤⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⢄⣰⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢠⡀⠻⣉⣉⣭⣓⣲⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣿⣿⣿⠃⠉⠉⠶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠈⠰⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠛⠟⠀⣱⣷⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⡿⢿⣿⣿⢟⣛⣛⣼⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠛⠛⠻⣿⣶⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠈⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⢸⣿⡏⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣟⡻⣍⣻⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢄⣴⣿⣿⡇⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣛⣻⠟⠛⢻⣷⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠉⠁⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⡯⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⠏⠉⢿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣧⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢻⠫⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣵⣦⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣹⣿⠁⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⡇⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⣿⡉⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⡿⠻⣿⠿⠿⠛⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠇⠀⢈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀ ⡇⠁⠀⣠⣾⡇⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣿⣿⡟⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⡇ ⡇⣠⣾⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⠘⢿⣧⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣤⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣶⣤⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡄ ⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣠⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⠙⢷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⡇ ⠃⢩⣍⡍⣭⡅⡄⣤⣤⣭⡝⣤⣤⣤⢠⣬⢫⣭⣩⣭⣭⢡⣠⢠⡄⣝⣿⣫⣟⣿⣽⣭⢫⣭⡛⣭⣭⣩⣍⣥⣭⢛⣭⡅⣤⣤⣠⠀⣤⣤⣤⢸⣟⣿⡻⡟⣟⡟⣯⡟⡍⡝⢻⣭⣛⣭⡻⢻⢠⢸⣿⣤⣄⣤⣄⣤⡙⡇ ⡇⠈⣿⢿⡇⡟⣇⣿⡇⣿⡀⣿⣺⣿⣸⣿⣼⣯⡅⡇⣿⡘⡏⡆⣿⢿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⡇⢸⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⠨⣿⣶⣿⡟⡏⡀⣿⢸⡇⢸⣯⣷⣆⠁⢹⠻⣇⡇⣇⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⢻⢸⣗⣿⣯⣿⣲⡾⣃⣧ ⡇⠀⠀⠠⠄⢶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡖⢿⣶⣶⣦⣶⣶⣳⣤⣤⣴⣾⣷⡌⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠈⣵⣶⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠠⣤⣭⠈⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⣀⣀⣤⣤⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1620 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2023/08/16/ibm-lies/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2023/08/16/ibm-lies/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.16.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ IBM_Lied._‘One_Month’_is_Now_2.5_Months_and_Still_Counting…⠀✐ Posted in Deception, IBM, Red_Hat at 8:25 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇opensource.com_site⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇A_one-month_IBM_promise⦈_ Summary: IBM probably hopes that we forgot (the_Gell-Mann_amnesia_effect), but we did not forget; how can you take anything it says seriously at this point? ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⢈⡱⣏⡇⣍⢸⢱⣊⡵⣉⢸⣸⠈⢸⡁⣏⢂⢸⡁⣋⢶⢹⢱⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠶⠆⠀⣬⣬⡨⢩⢠⣄⡄⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⢀⣀⣀⡀⢀⢀⠀⠀⢀⣀⢀⣀⣀⣀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⢀⣀⡀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⡀⡀⣀⢀⣀⠀⣀⡀⣀⢀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠈⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡁⡏⢹⢋⢹⡏⠅⠋⢋⢏⠋⠃⡏⢝⠩⠉⡍⡝⠋⠋⡍⡅⡏⢹⡏⢩⠨⣏⠶⡉⠍⡏⢹⠉⡏⢹⠍⡏⢿⢩⡫⠍⢙⠟⢽⠩⡋⡍⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣿⣛⣿⣫⣿⣫⣿⣿⣿⣉⣛⣹⢿⣻⣻⣝⣛⣛⣽⣯⣯⣟⣻⣝⣏⣿⣻⣫⣿⣙⣽⣿⣯⣏⣩⣿⣿⣽⣿⣫⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠉⢁⣀⣠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⠉⠙⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⣠⣶⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⡀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠸⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣯⣶⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠇⠀⣭⣭⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⡈⠙⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢛⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⡿⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡦⠄⢀⣀⡀⠉⠉⠁⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⡞⢿⣿⣧⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⡀⠀⠸⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠶⠁⠈⢺⣿⣦⣄⡠⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣷⠀⠀⢻⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⢿⡿⠁⠂⠀⠀⠈⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⠃⠀⠀⢻⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣄⣀⠀⠀⠻⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡠⣲⠦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣄⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡿⡟⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⠟⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠻⠛⠋⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⢐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⢴⢟⡡⢊⠔⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⣴⣎⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠂⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠉⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡴⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⣶⣾⣿⡿⠟⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢀⣠⣤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠒⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⡀⣀⡀⠀⠀⢀⠂⢀⠄⠲⣾⣷⣾⣽⣳⣦⡄⠀⠀⠀⠐⠈⢀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠾⠿⠿⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣾⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣤⣴⣰⣶⣿⠿⠿⠓⢒⢐⣒⣰⠁⢀⠔⠁⠔⢁⠒⠲⠬⣭⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⡀⠀⠰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⣯⣤⣴⣶⣶⠿⠿⠛⠋⠉⠂⠈⠁⠀⠀⠠⠠⠤⡴⠀⣠⢀⠔⢁⠔⢁⣾⠿⢒⣀⡉⣾⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣤⣄⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣶⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠐⠉⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠟⠀⠉⠁⠉⠛⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡰⠟⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢲⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⠞⠀⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠛⢉⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠁⠎⡐⠀⠀⠊⣴⣤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ 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⠀⢰⣶⢶⠶⠶⢶⠶⠶⠶⢶⣖⠶⠶⠶⠶⢶⠶⠶⠶⠶⢶⠲⡶⠶⠶⢶⠶⢶⠶⠶⠶⠶⡶⠶⠶⡶⡶⢶⡖⠶⠶⡶⡶⠶⠖⣶⣶⣶⣶⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠘⠛⠛⠒⠓⠚⠓⠚⠓⠓⠓⠒⠓⠒⠒⠓⠓⠒⠒⠒⠛⠒⠓⠒⠒⠚⠓⠚⠓⠒⠚⠓⠓⠓⠒⠓⠒⠒⠓⠒⠓⠓⠒⠒⠒⠛⠛⠛⠛⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠄⠀⠄⠃⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠖⠀⠂⡆⡄⠂⠐⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠀⠘⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣯⣄⣽⣌⣡⣂⣰⣀⣇⣶⣠⣀⣰⣠⣀⣠⣿⡄⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣷⡀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⣴⣧⣤⣶⣤⣤⣶⣧⣼⣤⣴⣧⣤⣤⣴⣬⣷⣦⣦⣦⣴⣤⣧⣦⣤⣧⣤⣿⣀⣀⣤⣀⣀⣐⣧⣼⣈⣀⣤⣐⣧⣤⣯⣦⣼⣭⣼⣤⣴⣦⣶⣤⣦⣥⣤⣼⣤⣤⣮⣦⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣯⣭⣤⣧⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1714 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2023/08/16/irc-log-150823/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2023/08/16/irc-log-150823/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.16.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ IRC_Proceedings:_Tuesday,_August_15,_2023⠀✐ Posted in IRC_Logs at 11:24 am by Needs Sunlight Also available via the Gemini protocol at: * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-techrights-150823.gmi * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-150823.gmi * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-social-150823.gmi * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-techbytes-150823.gmi Over HTTP: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇H 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇HTML5_logs⦈_ #techrights_log_as_HTML5 #boycottnovell_log_as_HTML5 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇H 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇HTML5_logs⦈_ #boycottnovell-social_log_as_HTML5 #techbytes_log_as_HTML5 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇t 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇text_logs⦈_ #techrights_log_as_text #boycottnovell_log_as_text 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇t 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇text_logs⦈_ #boycottnovell-social_log_as_text #techbytes_log_as_text Enter_the_IRC_channels_now 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Free,_Libre,_and_Open_Source_Software o Web_Browsers/Web_Servers o Programming/Development # Python * Leftovers o Science o Education o Hardware o Health/Nutrition/Agriculture # Covid o Proprietary/Artificial_Intelligence_(AI) # Windows_TCO o Security # Integrity/Availability/Authenticity # Privacy/Surveillance o Defence/Aggression o Environment # Energy/Transportation # Overpopulation o Finance o AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics o Censorship/Free_Speech o Freedom_of_Information_/_Freedom_of_the_Press o Civil_Rights/Policing o Internet_Policy/Net_Neutrality o Monopolies # Copyrights * § GNU/Linux⠀➾ o ⚓ Unix Men ☛ Linux_Empowering_Financial_Data_Processing_in_Trading: A_Multitasking_Marvel [Ed: This is this site's linkspam disguised as 'article' about "Linux"]⠀⇛ o § Server⠀➾ # ⚓ Kubernetes Blog ☛ Kubernetes_v1.28:_Planternetes_| Kubernetes⠀⇛ Announcing the release of Kubernetes v1.28 Planternetes, the second release of 2023! This release consists of 45 enhancements. Of those enhancements, 19 are entering Alpha, 14 have graduated to Beta, and 12 have graduated to Stable. # ⚓ Kubernetes Blog ☛ pkgs.k8s.io:_Introducing_Kubernetes Community-Owned_Package_Repositories_|_Kubernetes⠀⇛ On behalf of Kubernetes SIG Release, I am very excited to introduce the Kubernetes community-owned software repositories for Debian and RPM packages: pkgs.k8s.io! The new package repositories are replacement for the Google-hosted package repositories (apt.kubernetes.io and yum.kubernetes.io) that we’ve been using since Kubernetes v1.5. This blog post contains information about these new package repositories, what does it mean to you as an end user, and how to migrate to the new repositories. o § Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ OpenZFS_2.2_is_nearly_here,_and ZFSBootMenu_2.2_already_is⠀⇛ The next minor version of OpenZFS is nearly ready, and ZFSBootMenu makes it easy to boot Linux from it, via a clever workaround. The advanced OpenZFS filesystem is getting close to its next release, version 2.2, with release candidate 3 (around this time last year, OpenZFS 2.1 got to rc8, so it might be a little while yet). Version 2.2 will improve support for Linux containers, with support for overlay filesystems (sometimes also called union filesystems), support for Linux 6.3 IDmapped mounts (which are explained in this talk), and delegation of dataset namespaces to containers. Block cloning should improve the efficiency of marking identical blocks as shared by different files, or even parts of the same file. The new BLAKE3 algorithm can be used to generate ZFS checksums, which is also used in the new CdC Veilid P2P tool we recently covered, and management of the disk cache has been improved. # ⚓ Linux Links ☛ Best_Free_and_Open_Source_Alternatives_to Apple_Help_Viewer⠀⇛ In 2020, Apple began the Apple silicon transition, using self-designed, 64-bit ARM-based Apple M1 processors on new Mac computers. Maybe it’s the perfect time to move away from the proprietary world of Apple, and embrace the open source Linux scene. Help Viewer is a WebKit based HTML viewer for macOS aimed at displaying help files and other documentation. Help Viewer is proprietary software and not available for Linux. We recommend the best free and open source software. # ⚓ Linux Links ☛ 9_Best_Free_and_Open_Source_Linux_Graphical IRC_Clients⠀⇛ IRC is a good way of engaging with the Linux community. Being able to tap into the wealth of knowledge of individuals logged into IRC enables users to engage directly with developers and other users of distributions and applications. IRC is not just limited to obtaining and giving technical support to others; it can be used for many other activities. To provide an insight into the quality of software that is available, we have compiled an updated list of 9 praiseworthy graphical IRC clients. Our findings are captured in the ratings chart below in the classic LinuxLinks-style # ⚓ ZDNet ☛ What_is_the_Guake_top-down_terminal_in_Linux? Everything_to_help_you_get_started⠀⇛ On any given day, I will open, use, and close a terminal on the Linux desktop a number of times. In the morning, I’ll open a terminal and run an update/upgrade on my machine. Then, throughout the day, I’ll open the terminal to take care of other tasks. I could do this process the traditional way by either navigating through the desktop menu and opening a terminal or adding a launcher for my terminal of choice in the Ubuntu Budgie dock. Either way, it’s a simple process that doesn’t require much thought or effort. o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾ # ⚓ LinuxTechi ☛ How_to_Setup_OpenLDAP_Server_on_Ubuntu_22.04⠀⇛ # ⚓ Linux Cloud VPS ☛ How_to_Install_ISPConfig_3_on_Ubuntu 22.04⠀⇛ ISPConfig 3 is an open-source web hosting control panel for Linux machines. It is a free alternative to popular control panels like cPanel, DirectAdmin, or Plesk. o § Games⠀➾ # ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ Steam_Beta_updated_with_Indonesian_support, 4K_high_quality_streaming_preset⠀⇛ Valve has released a new Beta version of the Steam client for desktop and Steam Deck, plus an expansion to add in Indonesian language support. # ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ Comic_book_adventure_Penny_Larceny:_Gig Economy_Supervillain_is_out_now⠀⇛ Enjoy comics and visual novels? How about super heroes? You should take a look at the recently released Penny Larceny: Gig Economy Supervillain which looks great. This comes from the same team who created Arcade Spirits, which was also pretty good! # ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ We_Stay_Behind_is_the_next_game_from Unforeseen_Incidents_developer⠀⇛ Did you enjoy Unforeseen Incidents from Backwoods Entertainment? They’ve revealed their new title We Stay Behind, a single-player third-person mystery between dreams and reality. It’s currently funding on Kickstarter, and they’ve again teamed up with Application Systems Heidelberg for the publishing and marketing. o § Desktop Environments/WMs⠀➾ # § K Desktop Environment/KDE SC/Qt⠀➾ # ⚓ OSTechNix ☛ KDE_Plasma_6_Wallpaper_Contest:_Win_a Framework_Laptop:_Design_a_unique_wallpaper_for_KDE Plasma_6_and_win_a_Framework_Laptop_13_DIY_edition!⠀⇛ It’s your chance to let your imagination run wild and create artwork that captures the essence of innovation and community that KDE is known for. As a token of our appreciation, the winning artist will receive a brand-new Framework Laptop 13 DIY Edition, powered by a 13th Gen Intel® Core™ i5-1340P processor. This laptop boasts a modular design, allowing you to effortlessly disassemble and rebuild it, offering the freedom to replace or upgrade crucial components at your convenience. * § Distributions and Operating Systems⠀➾ o § BSD⠀➾ # ⚓ TuMFatig ☛ Self-hosting_Pixelfed_on_OpenBSD⠀⇛ In case you don’t already know, Pixelfed is a media sharing oriented solution that federates with Fediverse using the ActivityPub . And I like it also because it is based on PHP. This makes it quite simple to be hosted on OpenBSD. And here’s how I do this. # ⚓ [Repeat] Dan Langille ☛ Changing_how_I_use_IP_address_with FreeBSD’s_vnet_–_so_IPv6_works⠀⇛ The vnet (network subsystem virtualization infrastructure) on FreeBSD is both a blessing and a curse. For me, it isn’t working well with IPv6. I’ve hit issues with pf (since solved, I’m sure). It’s a useful feature but can be confusing. It helps to have lots of time to think about it and what you’re doing. # ⚓ Dan Langille ☛ Testing_two_12TB_drives_to_a_Dell_R730_on FreeBSD⠀⇛ I’m ready to downsize. I’m going to replace knew with r730-03. The former has 20 5TB drives. I don’t need all that space now. I’ll settle for 12TB instead. # ⚓ Data Swamp ☛ Some_explanations_about_OpenBSD_memory_usage⠀⇛ I regularly see people reporting high memory usage on OpenBSD when looking at some monitoring program output. Those programs may be not reporting what you think. The memory usage can be accounted in different ways. Most of the time, the file system cache stored in- memory is added to memory usage, which lead to think about a high memory consumption. o § Fedora Family / IBM⠀➾ # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Red_Hat’s_Mexican_standoff:_Job_cuts? Yes,_but_we_still_need_someone_to_boot_Linux⠀⇛ Although it’s not long after job cuts at Red Hat, the company’s team in Mexico is looking for a developer to work on the Linux bootloader stack. The role has been open for a couple of weeks, but if you fancy your chances, it’s worth a go. Red Hat software engineer director Christan Schaller tweeted the role last week. As we reported over a year ago, there was a proposal to drop legacy BIOS boot support from Fedora. It proved to be wildly controversial, and it did not in fact happen. Amid the many, many comments in various places, it emerged that many hypervisors still default to BIOS booting, with UEFI boot support a non-default option, including Reg FOSS desk favorite VirtualBox. Even in VirtualBox 7.0, the manual calls its EFI support “experimental”: [...] # ⚓ DaemonFC (Ryan Farmer) ☛ IBM_Signals_That_Fedora_Is Basically_Finished,_as_Work_on_Desktop_Spins_Collapses_in_a Matter_of_Days.⠀⇛ I’ve been blogging about my recent switch to openSUSE Leap and the collapse of Fedora due to “de-prioritization” by Red Hat, and Fedora basically falling into a gradual state of abandonment and bitrot. Here’s what an IBM Red Hat employee says will happen now that Red Hat has divested itself from LibreOffice. As you can see, desktop Bluetooth and a lot of other things are now effectively abandoned and nobody cares what they do on your Fedora desktop anymore. o § Debian Family⠀➾ # ⚓ 9to5Linux ☛ Debian_Turns_30_Years_Old,_Happy_Birthday!⠀⇛ Believe it or not, it’s been 30 years since the late Ian Murdock announced the Debian Project on August 16th, 1993, and the initial release of Debian GNU/Linux a month later on September 15th, in an attempt to develop the “Universal Operating System.” Now, 30 years later, Debian is being used by millions of users around the world, either directly by using the Debian GNU/Linux operating system or by using one of its numerous derivatives, such as the very popular Ubuntu or Linux Mint. # ⚓ Linuxiac ☛ 30_Years_of_Stability,_Security,_and_Freedom: Celebrating_Debian’s_Birthday⠀⇛ In the dynamic realm of today’s technology world, where trends change faster than the blink of an eye, staying relevant for three decades is a feat achieved by a rare few. Debian, the venerable and iconic open-source operating system, stands proudly among this elite group as it celebrates its 30th birthday. Debian… ok, I know, Debian/GNU Linux is an operating system that emerged from the brilliance of a passionate software developer, Ian Murdock, on August 16th, 1993. Today, 30 years later, it is no exaggeration to say that it is the most respected Linux distribution, deservedly so. In all that time, Debian has released 17 major and 123 minor releases, establishing itself as a bastion of predictability, security, and reliability. # ⚓ Daniel Pocock ☛ Mark_Shuttleworth_&_Debian_Day_Volunteer Suicide_cover-up⠀⇛ Today is the thirtieth anniversary of Debian. The number one thing on our minds should be the Debian Day Volunteer Suicide. On Friday, 13 August 2010, people on the Ubuntu payroll began a new push for DEP-5. Barely 48 hours later and Frans Pop decided enough was enough. Pop’s resignation email to debian-private reads like a suicide note. I previously looked at how Debian made a release dedication to Ian Murdock after his suicide but there was no equivalent dedication to Frans Pop. Why did they not experience the same treatment? Within hours of the bad news, Mark Shuttleworth had sent an email to debian-private suggesting that it remain private. The arguments made by Shuttleworth may be correct but this still feels wrong. Shuttleworth admits that his business model poses a danger to Debian volunteers. His participation in debian-private suggests he has a duty of care to all volunteers, whether they are his employees or not. o § Canonical/Ubuntu Family⠀➾ # ⚓ Ubuntu ☛ Meet_Canonical_at_Andicom_2023⠀⇛ Date: 6-8 September 2023 Location: Cartagena, Colombia # ⚓ Ubuntu ☛ Docker_on_Mac_–_a_lightweight_option_with Multipass⠀⇛ For those looking for a streamlined, lightweight command line interface for Docker on Mac, look no further. Multipass is a flexible tool that makes it easy to create and run Ubuntu VMs on any platform, and it comes with built-in tools that make running applications like Docker feel native on platforms such as macOS. o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾ # ⚓ Linux Gizmos ☛ MYIR_CPU_Modules_Feature_TI_Sitara_AM62x Series⠀⇛ For software, MYIR states that the MYC-YM62X CPU Module supports the Linux operating system (based on the official kernel 5.10.168), and they will provide peripheral drivers to accelerate software development. # ⚓ CNX Software ☛ Ultra-compact_45x43mm_CPU_module_features_TI Sitara_AM6231,_AM6252,_or_AM6254_Arm_SoC⠀⇛ The company provides Linux 5.10.168 for the module with all drivers and source code, as well as Yocto Linux images with or without GUI, and two demo applications, namely a charging pile program with Modbus communication, IEC104 platform communication protocol and a charging demonstration interface, and an “Engineering Machinery Scenarios” demo using four cameras and displaying them in mosaic form on the display. Both demos leverage the company’s MeasyHMI V2.0 graphical framework based on Qt 5. As a side note, the TI AM625 SoC is also found in the BeaglePlay SBC so software support might be indirectly available there as well. # ⚓ Linux Gizmos ☛ ADLINK_COM-HPC_Client_module_supports_up_to 24_cores⠀⇛ ADLINK recently announced the availability of the COM-HPC-cRLS  Computer-on-Module built around the latest 13th Gen Intel Core CPUs. Some of the key features include its DDR5 memory support, PCIe Gen5, dual 2.5GbE with TSN and quad-displays. o § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ CNET ☛ Newest_Android_Feature_Alerts_Users_About_Unwanted AirTag_Tracking_–_CNET⠀⇛ # ⚓ BGR ☛ Why_do_all_the_new_Android_flagships_need_24GB_of RAM?⠀⇛ # ⚓ Android Police ☛ Samsung_Galaxy_Tab_S9_Ultra_review:_The best_big_Android_tablet⠀⇛ # ⚓ HowTo Geek ☛ Turn_Any_Android_Device_Into_a_Chromecast_with This_App⠀⇛ # ⚓ SlashGear ☛ The_5_Best_Android_Apps_To_Scan_Receipts_And Get_Money_Back⠀⇛ # ⚓ SlashGear ☛ 10_Unexpected_Ways_Your_Android_Phone_Could_Be Hacked⠀⇛ # ⚓ 9to5Google ☛ Chrome_switching_to_native_share_sheet_on Android_14⠀⇛ # ⚓ 9to5Google ☛ Samsung’s_Android_14_update_gets_a_quick_fix in_Korea⠀⇛ # ⚓ Giz China ☛ How_to_troubleshoot_WiFi_connection_on_Android smartphones⠀⇛ # ⚓ Tom’s Guide ☛ Google_could_force_foldable_phones_to_be tougher_in_order_to_use_Android_|_Tom’s_Guide⠀⇛ * § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾ o ⚓ Linux Links ☛ A_User’s_Opinion:_Design_Choices_by_Open_Source Developers⠀⇛ The customer experience should always be the focus at all stages of development of an open source project. A developer makes many decisions when embarking on a project. What to write? What language? What framework/ toolkits/libraries? What license? Lots of questions which all need careful consideration. From the end-user’s perspective. o § Web Browsers/Web Servers⠀➾ # ⚓ Daniel Stenberg ☛ changes_from_before_it_was_curl⠀⇛ I have the birthday of curl remembered and I often repeat that it was started on March 20 1998. But that’s just the first time we shipped a version of the tool using the name curl. The tool, the code and the idea started before. o § Programming/Development⠀➾ # ⚓ Naman Sood ☛ Writing_a_lambda_calculus_interpreter_in Rust⠀⇛ I have studied lambda calculus at university a lot – our first year CS course was functional programming, there was a second year logic course where lambda expressions were used as proofs of mathematical statements represented as types, there was a fourth year CS course which taught different programming paradigms (including functional programming) by just implementing an interpreter for a basic language in that paradigm… it’s kinda becoming second nature to me at this point. Given that I’ve done this so often, I figured I should make a lambda calculus interpreter in Rust to become more familiar with how to use it.I’ve been working on my programming language for a couple of months now, in fits and starts1. In the original post, I laid out my plan for it, and after creating the parser the next step was writing a formatter. I thought this would be a nice intermediate step after writing the parser, something easy to exercise the code without being as complicated as the interpreter. Well… It was hard, even with the shortcuts I took. # ⚓ Phil Eaton ☛ Thinking_about_functional_programming⠀⇛ Someone on Discord asked about how to learn functional programming. The question and my initial tweet on the subject prompted an interesting discussion with Shriram Krishnamurthi and other folks. So here’s a slightly more thought out exploration. # § Python⠀➾ # ⚓ University of Toronto ☛ A_brief_brush_with_writing and_using_Python_type_hints⠀⇛ I was recently nerd sniped into writing a Python version of a simple although real exercise. As part of that nerd snipe, I decided to write my Python using type hints (which I’ve been tempted by for some time). This is my first time really trying to use type hints, and I did it without the benefit of reading any ‘quick introduction to Python type hints’ articles; I worked from vague memories of seeing the syntax and reading the documentation for the standard library’s typing module. I checked my type hints with mypy, without doing anything particularly fancy. * § Leftovers⠀➾ o § Science⠀➾ # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ US_shovels_cash_into_supercomputers hoping_to_stoke_fusion_future⠀⇛ Fusion is hot right now – so hot that the US Department of Energy is dumping another $112 million into a dozen supercomputing projects to advance progress on further clean energy breakthroughs. The Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC) program combines the DoE’s existing Fusion Energy Sciences (FES) and Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR) programs with the goal of solving complex fusion energy problems using supercomputing resources, including exascale systems. # ⚓ Science News ☛ Neuroscientists_decoded_a_Pink_Floyd_song using_people’s_brain_activity⠀⇛ Using electrodes, computer models and brain scans, researchers previously have been able to decode and reconstruct individual words and entire thoughts from people’s brain activity (SN: 11/15/22; SN: 5/ 1/23). The new study, published August 15 in PLOS Biology, adds music into the mix, showing that songs can also be decoded from brain activity and revealing how different brain areas pick up an array of acoustical elements. The finding could eventually help improve devices that allow communication from people with paralysis or other conditions that limit one’s ability to speak. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Russian_Space_Agency_Postpones_First_Flight_Of_New Spaceship_Until_2028⠀⇛ The first flight of a new spacecraft produced by the Russian state space agency Roskosmos has been postponed to 2028, according to Russian media reports quoting chief designer Vladimir Kozhevnikov. # ⚓ Axios ☛ The_race_to_tap_the_Moon’s_immense_value⠀⇛ Nations around the world are looking_to_unlock the Moon’s economic, scientific and geopolitical value. Why it matters: The Moon could be valuable high ground for the United States, China and other established space powers that see it as a crucial place to further assert dominance in space. o § Education⠀➾ # ⚓ Off Guardian ☛ Indoctrination,_Intimidation_&_Intolerance: What_Passes_for_Education_Today⠀⇛ Indeed, while young people today are learning first-hand what it means to be at the epicenter of politically charged culture wars, test scores indicate that students are not learning how to succeed in social studies, math and reading. Instead of raising up a generation of civic-minded citizens with critical thinking skills, government officials are churning out compliant drones who know little to nothing about their history or their freedoms. o § Hardware⠀➾ # ⚓ Martijn Braam ☛ Expensive_cameras_are_actually_better⠀⇛ For some reason it’s really hard or impossible to find which sensor is in which model camera which seems like an obvious spec to list since it’s the most important component of the camera. Some of the major sensor differences between these two cameras: [...] o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾ # § Covid⠀➾ # ⚓ Deaths_in_Week_31_(Latest_on_Record_for_England_and Wales)_Up_12%_Since_Pre-COVID-19_Years⠀⇛ I‘ve just retrieved today’s data from ONS to assess the risk of dying after COVID-19 spread to the population in 2019, seeing that people my age group die a lot more. # ⚓ Reason ☛ Millions_of_Students_Went_‘Missing’_From Classrooms_During_the_Pandemic._Many_Haven’t Returned.⠀⇛ No one knows exactly how to get them back. # ⚓ Axios ☛ Credit_card,_car_loan_delinquencies_surpass pre-pandemic_levels⠀⇛ Data: New York Fed Consumer Credit Panel/ Equifax; Chart: Axios Visuals More Americans are falling behind on their credit_card_payments. ⚓ Axios ☛ Most_U.S._adults_have_a_family_or_personal_connection_to_addiction: poll⠀⇛ Reproduced from KFF; Chart: Axios Visuals Addiction is affecting the family relationships, mental_health and finances of most adults in the U.S., according to a new_KFF_poll. § Proprietary/Artificial Intelligence (AI)⠀➾ * § Windows TCO⠀➾ o ⚓ Security Week ☛ Hacker_Forum_Credentials_Found_on_120,000_PCs Infected_With_Info-Stealer_Malware [Ed: Windows TCO]⠀⇛ Israeli threat intelligence company Hudson Rock has identified credentials associated with cybercrime forums on roughly 120,000 computers infected with information stealers. The systems were discovered during the analysis of a database of more than 14.5 million machines infected with info-stealers, many of which belong to hackers, Hudson Rock says. § Security⠀➾ * § Integrity/Availability/Authenticity⠀➾ o ⚓ Quartz ☛ AI_bots_are_so_good_at_mimicking_the_human_brain_and vision_that_CAPTCHAs_are_useless⠀⇛ The paper noted that in a contextualized setting human solving time slows down to 22 seconds, indicating that in this more natural setting, AI bots are faster than humans at solving the puzzle. * § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ o ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Not_call:_Open_source_gurus_urge_you_to_dump Zoom⠀⇛ The Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) is calling on free and open source software (FOSS) contributors to stop using Zoom video conferencing in light of the software maker’s terms-of-service scandal. Back in March, Zoom quietly changed its fine print to include a clause in section 10.4 that assigned the video- chat biz perpetual, royalty-free rights to use “customer content” to train machine learning models. o ⚓ JURIST ☛ US_consumer_protection_agency_announces_plans_to regulate_sale_of_personal_data⠀⇛ The announcement comes following years of heated questions surrounding personal data security in the US, especially around major controversies like Cambridge Analytica accessing Facebook data and other breaches. China and the EU both have stricter data privacy regulations than the US, which has raised questions about US policy and led to some changes to accommodate US trade with the EU. Congress has also paid more attention to data privacy issues, with TikTok’s CEO recently testifying before the US House Committee on Energy and Commerce, though Congress has yet to pass major data security legislation. o ⚓ Peteris Krumins ☛ We’ve_added_the_Tor_Browser_to_Browserling⠀⇛ You can now test your websites in multiple Tor browser versions as well as access onion links. o ⚓ Bruce Schneier ☛ Zoom_Can_Spy_on_Your_Calls_and_Use_the Conversation_to_Train_AI,_But_Says_That_It_Won’t⠀⇛ It’s a stupid way to run a technological revolution. We should not have to rely on the benevolence of for-profit corporations to protect our rights. It’s not their job, and it shouldn’t be. o ⚓ The Register UK ☛ You’re_not_seeing_double_–_yet_another_UK copshop_is_confessing_to_a_data_leak⠀⇛ The latest blunder follows a litany of recent errors elsewhere in the forces: Police Service in Northern Ireland (PSNI) last week confirmed it unwittingly exposed a spreadsheet containing details of serving police officers; and this week Cumbria constabulary said it mistakenly published the names, salaries and allowances for all officers and staff online. o ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Microsoft_may_store_your_conversations_with Bing_if_you’re_not_an_enterprise_user⠀⇛ The details emerged as companies face fresh challenges with the rise of generative AI. People want to know what corporations are doing with information provided by users. And users are likewise curious about what they can do with the content generated by AI. Microsoft addresses these issues in a new clause titled “AI Services” in its terms of service. § Defence/Aggression⠀➾ * ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Florida_Man_and_associates_indicted_for_conspiracy_to steal_data,_software⠀⇛ Authorities in the US state of Georgia have indicted a famous Floridian and his loyal associates on counts including theft of data, software, and personal information. The celebrity defendant, a 77-year-old whose career has spanned real estate development, reality television, wagering, and a four-year term as president of the United States, was one of 19 people named in a 98-page indictment that lists [PDF] 41 counts and details “a conspiracy to unlawfully change the outcome of the election.” * ⚓ RFERL ☛ Interview:_War_Journalist_Says_‘Nothing_Will_Change_In_Russia Until_It’s_Defeated_In_Ukraine’⠀⇛ In a recent interview with RFE/RL’s Georgian Service on the 15th anniversary of the war, Littell said the West was slow to react in the past to Russian aggression but has now belatedly “woken up.” He explained why there is no other choice than defeating the regime of Russian President Vladimir Putin in Ukraine if change is ever to come to that country. * ⚓ ABC ☛ Philadelphia_teen_arrested,_charged_in_FBI_terrorism investigation⠀⇛ “He had not only taken steps in acquiring those items and materials that are commonly used in improvised explosive devices, but that he had also taken steps to start putting potential devices together,” Maguire said. The investigation began when the FBI became aware of the teen’s alleged communication with Katibat al Tawhid wal Jihad (KTJ), a foreign terrorist organization affiliated with al Qaeda. Over a period of weeks, the FBI identified the teen and conducted an investigation, which included surveillance. * ⚓ The Strategist ☛ Democracy_on_the_brink_in_Africa⠀⇛ Deeper structural causes include the weakness of democratic institutions, the historical strength of militaries and the failure of economic development to deliver improvements for the majority of the population. * ⚓ ADF ☛ More_Wagner_Atrocities_Reported_in_Mali⠀⇛ Members of the Malian armed forces and Russian Wagner Group mercenaries reportedly are sowing terror and committing “grave human rights abuses.” * ⚓ ADF ☛ Mali_Violence_Out_of_Control_Under_Junta_Rule⠀⇛ Several Malian Soldiers died when they were ambushed by terrorists linked to the Islamic State group (IS) in the northeast Ménaka region, near the Nigerien border, in early August. The Soldiers were in a convoy headed for Niger nine days after that country’s military coup. * ⚓ RFERL ☛ Three_Bulgarians_Suspected_Of_Being_Russian_Spies_Arrested_In Britain⠀⇛ Three Bulgarian nationals suspected of spying for Russia in the U.K. have been arrested and charged as part of a major national security investigation, the BBC reported on August 15. * ⚓ Meduza ☛ Three_Bulgarian_nationals_arrested_in_the_U.K._on_suspicion_of spying_for_Russia_—_Meduza⠀⇛ Three Bulgarian nationals have been arrested on suspicion of spying for Russia amid a major national security investigation conducted by the U.K., reports BBC News. * ⚓ New York Times ☛ U.K._Reveals_5_Espionage_Arrests_After_BBC_Reports Russia_Link⠀⇛ Britain’s counterterrorism unit arrested the five on suspicion of spying on British intelligence, the authorities said following a BBC report that three of the same people had been accused of spying for Russia. * ⚓ JURIST ☛ UK_Metropolitan_Police_announce_Identity_Documents_Act_charges against_individuals_accused_of_spying_for_Russia⠀⇛ The UK’s Metropolitan Police said on Tuesday that they have charged two men and a woman with ‘identity document offences.’ The Met’s statement came after the BBC reported the group was accused of spying for Russia. * ⚓ RFERL ☛ Turkey_Detains_Woman_Suspected_Of_Involvement_In_2016_Russian Ambassador’s_Assassination⠀⇛ Police in Istanbul reportedly detained a woman on April 14 who was allegedly involved in the assassination of the Russian ambassador to Ankara, Andrei Karlov, in 2016. * ⚓ Meduza ☛ Former_minister_from_Russia’s_Komi_Republic_says_he_fled Russia_and_requested_political_asylum_in_U.S._—_Meduza⠀⇛ Denis Sharonov, the former agriculture and consumer market manager of Russia’s Komi Republic, fled to the U.S. and requested political asylum after he “started getting signals” that it would be dangerous for him to remain in Russia, the TV network RTVI reported on Tuesday, citing the minister himself. * § War in Ukraine⠀➾ o ⚓ Meduza ☛ ‘At_last,_the_Kremlin_and_opposition_see_history_the same’_Journalists,_analysts,_and_opposition_figures_respond_to Alexey_Navalny’s_manifesto_on_the_wicked_1990s_and_failure_of Russia’s_democrats_—_Meduza⠀⇛ A week after a Moscow court added another 19 years to Alexey Navalny’s prison time (for various supposed “extremist” crimes), his associates published an essay written in his name titled “My Fear and Loathing.” In the manifesto, as it soon became known in the news media and on social networks, Navalny argued that the root of many of Russia’s most fundamental problems today can be found in the 1990s — specifically in the compromises and expediencies liberals then embraced at the expense of democracy. Navalny also criticized multiple individuals by name and warned that figures in Russia’s contemporary opposition are repeating their predecessors’ mistakes. The text sparked a discussion among Russian liberals about the legacy of the 1990s and whether Navalny has the right to castigate that era’s politicians and public figures when his allies today have sometimes exhibited questionable judgment. Many even question whether Navalny even wrote the essay. Meduza collected some of the reactions to the 1990s Manifesto. o ⚓ Meduza ☛ Russian_authorities_propose_letting_military_share airwaves_with_civilian_operators,_disable_wireless_networks_during state_of_emergency_—_Meduza⠀⇛ Russia’s Ministry of Digital Development has unveiled a new draft of its telecommunications strategy until 2030. Among other things, the document proposes expanding the military’s ability to control civilian wireless networks, including a right to disable them if a state of emergency is declared. o ⚓ Latvia ☛ Latvian_Railways_could_help_transport_Ukraine’s_grain⠀⇛ State JSC “Latvian Railways” (LDz) could be involved in the transport of Ukrainian grain by rail in the autumn of this year, said Board Chairman Rinalds Pļavnieks in an interview with Latvian Radio on August 15. o ⚓ AntiWar ☛ As_Maui_Burns,_Biden_Demands_Another_$24_Billion… For Ukraine!⠀⇛ I am not a big fan of Federal Government disaster relief. Too much of the time the money never gets to those who need it most, and too often Washington’s armies of disaster “experts” are more interested in pushing people around than helping them. o ⚓ France24 ☛ Hundreds_of_families_await_news_of_loved_ones_as search_continues_in_Hawaii⠀⇛ Hawaii officials worked painstakingly to identify the 99 people confirmed killed in wildfires that ravaged Maui and expected to release the first names Tuesday, even as teams intensified the search for more dead in neighborhoods reduced to ash. o ⚓ Atlantic Council ☛ Ukraine_strikes_back_against_Russia_as_world’s first_drone_war_escalates⠀⇛ Recent drone attacks in Moscow and on Russian shipping in the Black Sea are an indication that Ukraine is becoming increasingly bold as it seeks to strike back in what is the world’s first ever drone war, writes Marcel Plichta. o ⚓ France24 ☛ Deadly_air_strikes_target_cities_in_western_Ukraine⠀⇛ Overnight air strikes killed at least three people in western Ukraine’s Volyn region, the regional governor said early on Tuesday, as more strikes were reported in the neighbouring Lviv region. The attacks came a day after Ukraine’s President Volodymyr Zelensky was pictured visiting troops in the eastern frontline region of Donetsk. Follow our live blog for the latest updates. All times are Paris time (GMT+2). o ⚓ JURIST ☛ UN_human_rights_expert_condemns_Russian_‘indiscriminate attacks’_in_Ukraine⠀⇛ UN Humanitarian Coordinator for Ukraine Denise Brown said in a statement Monday that Russia’s “indiscriminate attacks” in the past week have left many civilians, including children, in south Ukraine injured and frustrated humanitarian efforts. o ⚓ RFERL ☛ Retired_Russian_Intelligence_Colonel_Who_Supports_War_In Ukraine_Fined_For_Posts_He_Says_Weren’t_His⠀⇛ A Moscow court on August 15 ordered retired intelligence Colonel Vladimir Kvachkov, an ardent supporter of Russia’s war in Ukraine, to pay a 40,000 rubles fine ($400) for discrediting Russian armed forces. o ⚓ RFERL ☛ Russian_Court_Issues_Arrest_Warrant_For_Self-Exiled Journalist_Sergei_Podsytnik⠀⇛ A court in Russia’s Volga city of Samara has issued an arrest warrant for Sergei Podsytnik on a charge of distributing false news about Russia’s armed forces involved in Moscow’s ongoing invasion of Ukraine. o ⚓ RFERL ☛ Russian_Central_Bank_Hikes_Key_Interest_Rate_As_Ruble Weakens_Sharply⠀⇛ Russia’s central bank on August 15 raised its key interest rate to 12 percent as the ruble fell sharply amid Western sanctions imposed over Moscow’s ongoing invasion of Ukraine. o ⚓ RFERL ☛ Police_Detain_Mother_Of_Belarusian_Activist_Fighting_With Ukrainians_Against_Russian_Invasion⠀⇛ Police in the western Belarusian city of Brest have detained Ina Kalatskaya, the mother of noted activist Tsikhan Klyukach, who is currently fighting alongside Ukrainian armed forces against invading Russian troops. o ⚓ RFERL ☛ Police_In_Daghestan_Search_Apartment_Of_Self-Exiled Rights_Defender_Accused_Of_Discrediting_Russia’s_Armed_Forces⠀⇛ Police in Russia’s North Caucasus republic of Daghestan have searched the apartment of Svetlana Anokhina, a self- exiled rights defender who is under investigation over her posts on Instagram that are critical of Moscow’s invasion of Ukraine. o ⚓ RFERL ☛ Kyiv_Says_Russia_Has_Detained_Scores_Of_Ukrainian Citizens_In_Crimea⠀⇛ The office of the President of Ukraine in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea says Russian-imposed authorities in the region have detained 180 citizens, including 117 Crimean Tatars, for politically motivated reasons. o ⚓ RFERL ☛ UN_Confirms_9,444_Civilian_Deaths_In_Ukraine_Since_Start Of_Russia’s_Invasion⠀⇛ The United Nations has confirmed the deaths of 9,444 civilians in Ukraine as a result of Russia’s full-scale invasion. o ⚓ RFERL ☛ Kyrgyzstan_Arrests_Citizen_On_Charge_Of_Serving_With Wagner_Group_In_Ukraine⠀⇛ A second Kyrgyz citizen, who was part of the private Wagner mercenary group, has been detained on a charge of taking part in Russia’s unprovoked invasion of Ukraine, relatives and several sources told RFE/RL. o ⚓ New York Times ☛ Russia’s_Interest_Rate_Hike_Highlights_Economic Struggle_Amid_Ukraine_War⠀⇛ With the third-largest interest rate increase in a decade to shore up the ruble, Moscow’s policymakers are pursuing the conflicting goals of paying for the war against Ukraine and taming inflation. o ⚓ New York Times ☛ Russia-Ukraine_War:_Russia_Sharply_Raises Interest_Rates_as_Wartime_Financial_Problems_Pile_Up⠀⇛ The country’s central bank raised interest rates 3.5 percentage points to stem rising prices and a weakening ruble. The move came after the national currency briefly fell below a key level with the U.S. dollar. o ⚓ New York Times ☛ The_Hidden_Trauma_of_Ukraine’s_Soldiers⠀⇛ Facing a growing mental health crisis among soldiers, Ukraine’s therapists and doctors use a variety of treatments, but the need far outstrips the available care. o ⚓ Meduza ☛ Ukrainian_Foreign_Ministry_spokesman_decries_NATO official’s_suggestion_that_Ukraine_may_trade_territories_for alliance_membership_—_Meduza⠀⇛ Ukrainian Foreign Ministry representative Oleg Nikolenko commented Tuesday on an earlier statement from NATO official Stian Jenssen in which the latter suggested Ukraine might ultimately have to cede part of its territory to Russia in exchange for joining the transatlantic alliance. o ⚓ New York Times ☛ At_Least_3_Dead_After_Russian_Missile_Attacks_in Western_Ukraine⠀⇛ Officials said more than three dozen missiles were fired in the strikes that were far from the front lines in the east and south. o ⚓ New York Times ☛ Amid_Attacks,_Ukraine’s_Grain_Exports_Get_a Lifeline_From_Romania⠀⇛ A 40-mile channel, best known outside shipping circles as a magnet for bird watchers, is now a crucial route allowing Ukrainian grain to reach the sea, protected by a NATO umbrella. o ⚓ New York Times ☛ The_Ukrainian_Mechanics_Who_Fix_Tanks_at_the War’s_Frontline⠀⇛ Behind the thousands of troops fighting the counteroffensive are engineers and technicians who perform an essential, and often dangerous, job. o ⚓ AntiWar ☛ The_Myth_of_the_Indispensable_Nation_and_the_Quagmire of_Forever_Wars⠀⇛ The Indispensable Nation thesis originates not in the universal condition of mankind and the nation-states into which it has been partitioned. § Environment⠀➾ * ⚓ Overpopulation ☛ Human_population_reduction_is_not_a_quick_fix_for environmental_problems⠀⇛ Then again, neither is anything else. The long lag time between fertility reduction and population stabilization is a key reason we need to address excessive human numbers sooner rather than later. * ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ Is_climate_change_affecting_tourism_in_southern Europe?⠀⇛ Although devastating wildfires rage each year around the Mediterranean, heat waves bring temperatures above 40 degrees (104°F) and droughts are commonplace, southern European countries such as Spain, Greece and Italy are once again seeing record numbers of tourists this summer. * ⚓ New York Times ☛ Climate_Change_Was_on_Trial_in_Montana⠀⇛ That was the stunning ruling from a judge who delivered a landmark decision on Monday. It compels Montana, a major coal and gas producing state, to consider climate change when deciding whether to approve or renew fossil fuel projects. The state Constitution guarantees residents “the right to a clean and healthful environment.” In a lawsuit, Held v. Montana, 16 young people argued that the government had violated that right by enabling rampant development of fossil fuels, contributing to climate change and polluting the state. * ⚓ Federal News Network ☛ Young_environmentalists_won_a_landmark_climate change_ruling_in_Montana._Will_it_change_anything?⠀⇛ Attorneys for Montana argued the state’s emissions were too small to make much difference in climate change. Seeley rejected the argument, saying essentially that every ton of greenhouse gas counts toward global warming and each ton makes the plaintiff’s lives worse as wildfires in Montana get worse and streams dry up from drought. The judge also said the state can do something about it — deny permits for fossil fuel projects if their approval would result in “unconstitutional levels of GHG (greenhouse gas) emissions.” * ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ Young_Environmentalists_Won_a_Landmark Climate_Change_Ruling_in_Montana._Will_It_Change_Anything?⠀⇛ Seeley rejected the argument, saying essentially that every ton of greenhouse gas counts toward global warming and each ton makes the plaintiff’s lives worse as wildfires in Montana get worse and streams dry up from drought. The judge also said the state can do something about it — deny permits for fossil fuel projects if their approval would result in “unconstitutional levels of GHG (greenhouse gas) emissions.” * ⚓ The Nation ☛ 16_Young_People_Sued_Montana_Over_the_Climate._The_Planet Won.⠀⇛ In her decision, Judge Kathy Seeley of Montana’s 1st Judicial District Court, based in Helena, ruled in favor of the youth plaintiffs in Held v. State of Montana. She declared that the state violated their constitutional rights to equal protection, dignity, liberty, health and safety, and public trust—all of which, she determined, are predicated on their right to a clean and healthful environment. “Each additional ton of GHGs [greenhouse gases] emitted into the atmosphere exacerbates impacts to the climate,” she wrote. “Plaintiffs’ injuries will grow increasingly severe and irreversible without science-based actions to address climate change.” For these reasons, she declared unconstitutional the state laws prohibiting Montana agencies from considering climate change or greenhouse gas emissions when permitting fossil fuel activities. * ⚓ CS Monitor ☛ Young_people_took_on_fossil_fuels_and_won._What’s_next?⠀⇛ “It’s one of the strongest decisions on climate change ever issued,” says Michael Gerrard, director of the Sabin Center for Climate Change Law at Columbia University’s law school, which keeps a database of the more than 2,000 climate lawsuits that have been filed globally. * ⚓ Omicron Limited ☛ Nearly_50%_of_environmentalists_abandoned_Twitter following_Musk’s_takeover⠀⇛ In October 2022, Elon Musk purchased Twitter (recently renamed X), which had previously served as the leading social media platform for environmental discourse. Since then, reports a team of researchers in the journal Trends in Ecology and Evolution on August 15, there has been a mass exodus of environmental users on the platform—a phenomenon that could have serious implications for public communication surrounding topics like biodiversity, climate change, and natural disaster recovery. * ⚓ teleSUR ☛ Russia:_Primorsky_is_in_Emergency_Due_to_Severe_Flood Damage⠀⇛ The flooding, triggered by heavy rains brought by Typhoon Khanun and a polar front, wreaked havoc in Primorye. * § Energy/Transportation⠀➾ o ⚓ teleSUR ☛ Death_Toll_Rises_to_35_in_Russian_Gas_Station Explosion⠀⇛ According to authorities, an investigation is underway and a criminal case has been opened over the incident. o ⚓ The Age AU ☛ I_visited_eight_European_countries_without_flying, and_loved_it⠀⇛ I’ve longed for a return to European travel, hopping almost immediately on a train, of course, once I finally got there, through those dark years of the pandemic. Tomorrow I get to shunt all of that melancholy, loss, and longing aside boarding the first of 20 trains (yes, that’s right, 20) which will bear me more than 3000 kilometres, all the way from here in Lisbon to Belgrade. I want this 40-day journey to be a grand return, and to enjoy the sheer pleasure of seeing the continent unfold at ground level. o ⚓ New York Times ☛ Dozens_Are_Killed_in_Fire_at_Gas_Station_in Dagestan,_Russia⠀⇛ Reports from news agencies said at least 35 people were killed and 66 hospitalized in Dagestan, but there were no immediate reports of foul play or of a connection to the war in Ukraine. o ⚓ DeSmog ☛ How_Shell_Used_a_‘Granfluencer’_to_Promote_its_Brand [Ed: Beijing uses social control media to help pollute the West?]⠀⇛ A “granfluencer” known as “our Filipino grandma” is among an army of US-based influencers being used by fossil fuel giants to promote major polluters to younger audiences, DeSmog can reveal.  TikTok star Nora Capistrano Sangalang – known as “Mama Nora” or “Lola” – is best known for posting videos of her family and her insistence that her young fans are well fed. * § Overpopulation⠀➾ o ⚓ Deutsche Welle ☛ Will_the_Middle_East_run_out_of_groundwater soon?⠀⇛ There is growing pressure on groundwater in the region, Mahmoud says, but it’s also a complicated resource. How to manage groundwater depends on what sort of ground or rocks it’s stored in, how deep it’s stored, how it flows and how it’s connected to nearby surface water like rivers and lakes. It also depends on whether the groundwater comes from renewable sources. For instance, some groundwater in the Middle East has collected underground over thousands of years. This is called “fossil groundwater” and it’s hard to replenish. Like oil in the ground, it’s a single-use resource, experts say. § Finance⠀➾ * ⚓ DaemonFC (Ryan Farmer) ☛ The_Cult_of_Amsoil._Also,_Castrol_Denies_My Rebate.⠀⇛ I was thinking about which motor oil to use because Castrol advertised a decent rebate on Walmart’s web site, and I bought two five quart jugs of Edge Full Synthetic High Mileage for the Buick. I’ve been wanting to go to annual oil drain intervals, so I picked up a couple of FRAM Endurance Synthetic filters too. The box makes this outrageous claim of 25,000 mile oil changes, which I would never ever do. (Because I don’t want poo water and sludge in my engine, which you’d get at 25,000 mile intervals eventually with the best full synthetics and filters). There’s simply no way around needing to change your oil at least once a year, no matter how many miles you drive. 10,000 miles (which is what the Castrol oil says on the bottle) would be excessive considering I mostly city drive. I probably wouldn’t go past 8,000 or a year, personally. If some oil company was so confident in their product that they’d offer me a free engine tear down, rebuild, and de- gunking if their oil sludged my engine, I might be inclined to drive 10,000 miles like it says on the bottle, but of course they won’t, so you’re saving pennies and risking an engine to push it further. * ⚓ Pink_Slipping_Into_Oblivion:_Diving_Deep_Into_2023’s_Tech_Layoffs⠀⇛ It hasn’t exactly been a peachy year for the layoffs in the tech industry. The tech workforce reductions have cost tens of thousands of employees their jobs, after the 2023 tech layoffs have been headlined by the conglomerates dubbed as the biggest fish in the sea – Google, Microsoft, Amazon, and Meta, just excluding Apple. The annual tech job cuts scored 202,000 in 2022, but have landslided to a staggering increase by 40 percent. 2023’s tech layoffs surmount to 226,000 as of now, with January being recorded as the highest-grosser with nearly 90,000 furloughs. * ⚓ The Strategist ☛ Australia_and_its_partners_need_to_pay_more_attention to_central_bank_digital_currencies⠀⇛ Governments around the world have begun piloting central bank digital currencies. CBDCs are issued and backed by centralised financial authorities and have the potential to reshape the international financial system. * ⚓ teleSUR ☛ Putin_Points_to_Steady_Development_of_Multipolar_World Order⠀⇛ “Most countries are ready to assert their sovereignty and defend their national interests, traditions, culture,” the Russian president said. § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾ * ⚓ Security Week ☛ SecureWorks_Laying_Off_15%_of_Employees⠀⇛ Threat detection and response firm SecureWorks is laying off roughly 15% of its staff, in the second round of firings announced by the company this year. The plans were announced in an SEC filing, with employees being notified starting August 14. In addition, the company revealed that it’s implementing “certain real estate‑related cost optimization actions”. * ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ US_Pressures_Saudi_Arabia_to_Sell_Oil_in_Dollars,_Not Chinese_Yuan,_Amid_Israel_Negotiations⠀⇛ Saudi Arabia is one of the world’s top three oil producers. Since the 1970s, Riyadh has agreed to sell its crude in dollars, helping maintain the greenback’s hegemonic status as the global reserve currency. * ⚓ Quartz ☛ Sam_Bankman-Fried’s_“dark”_donations_to_the_GOP_came_back_to haunt_him⠀⇛ The indictment said Bankman-Fried failed to disclose to the Federal Election Commission (FEC) that his donations came from customer deposits via Alameda Research, his other company. He did this by directing his co-conspirator, Gary Wang, to alter FTX’ s computer code which gave Alameda improper unlimited access to customer deposits on FTX. The court filing reads: “Over time, Bankman-Fried directed that Alameda’s credit limit be raised so high that, in practice, Alameda was permitted to draw on FTX accounts funded by customer assets on an unlimited basis.” U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York Damian Williams told reporters last December that Bankman-Fried’s funds were “disguised to look like they were coming from wealthy co-conspirators, when in fact the contributions were funded by Alameda Research with stolen customer money.” * ⚓ RFA ☛ Laos_arrests_Chinese_nationals_for_underage_TikTok_operation⠀⇛ The men allegedly earned thousands of dollars a month from paid viewers. * § Misinformation/Disinformation/Propaganda⠀➾ o ⚓ CS Monitor ☛ The_Swedish_way_of_truth-telling⠀⇛ The task of the new agency is to counter foreign sources of disinformation, not information generated inside Sweden. “We try to take action against malicious disinformation and propaganda coming from abroad that tries to change our view of reality, our voting behavior, our everyday decisions,” Magnus Hjort, the agency’s acting director general, told the German news outlet Süddeutsche Zeitung. § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾ * ⚓ France24 ☛ Algeria_quietly_withdraws_‘Barbie’_from_local_cinemas⠀⇛ Algeria has withdrawn the film “Barbie” from its cinemas for reportedly breaching morals, joining a growing number of Arab countries barring the global box office hit. Barbie, which has topped $1.2 billion in worldwide revenues, was released in Algeria on July 19 before cinemas removed it from their schedules on Sunday without explanation. * ⚓ India Times ☛ Russia_fines_Reddit_$20,000_for_banned_content:_news agency_RIA⠀⇛ Russia on Tuesday fined social media site Reddit for the first time for not deleting “banned content” that it said contained “fake” information about Russia’s military campaign in Ukraine, Russian news agency RIA reported on Tuesday, citing a Moscow court. Reddit joins a list of sites under scrutiny in Russia for failing to remove content that Moscow deems illegal, including Wikimedia, streaming service Twitch, and Google. * ⚓ YLE ☛ Commercial_broadcaster_MTV_begins_restructuring,_redundancy talks⠀⇛ The statement added that the decision to begin the talks has been prompted by financial and production issues, with the station feeling the economic impact of the Covid pandemic, Russia’s war on Ukraine, rising inflation rates, and the procurement of rights to expensive sporting events. * ⚓ New York Times ☛ Report_on_Anti-Gay_Slur_Could_Put_Local_News_Site_Out of_Business⠀⇛ “Those dollars could be going to pay reporters for boots on the ground coverage, not paying legal fees for a lawsuit that appears designed to crush us,” she added. As politicians have grown more comfortable condemning media outlets they view as hostile — banning reporters from covering events, attacking them on social media, accusing them of being an “enemy of the people” — some public officials have started using the legal system as a way of hitting back. Former President Donald J. Trump has filed numerous unsuccessful defamation lawsuits against news organizations. Late last month a federal judge threw out his latest — a $475 million suit against CNN. * ⚓ JURIST ☛ King_of_Jordan_approves_online_speech_legislation_despite rights_concerns⠀⇛ King Abdullah II of Jordan approved a bill Saturday to penalise a variety of online speech, including posts that contain content ‘promoting, instigating, aiding, or inciting immorality.” Such posts are punishable with fines or months in prison. Posts that demonstrate ‘contempt for religion’ or ‘undermining national unity’ are also prohibited. The bill has been criticised by several human rights organisations, such as Human Rights Watch (HRW), Access Now and the Gulf Center for Human Rights, on the basis that the legislation jeopardises “digital rights, including freedom of expression and the right to information.” HRW stated that “Such vague provisions open the door for Jordan’s executive branch to punish individuals for exercising their right to freedom of expression, forcing the judges to convict citizens in most cases.” § Freedom of Information / Freedom of the Press⠀➾ * ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ ‘These_Are_Hitler_Tactics’:_Illegal_Police_Raids Effectively_Shut_Down_Kansas_Newspaper⠀⇛ The raids effectively shut down the newspaper. They were apparently an act of retaliation brought on by local restaurant owner Kari Newell after a “confidential source” contacted the newspaper with “evidence that Newell had been convicted of drunken driving and continued to use her vehicle without a driver’s license.” * ⚓ Kansas Reflector ☛ With_a_nation’s_eyes_scrutinizing_Kansas_community, let’s_be_careful_with_the_facts⠀⇛ As the furor over police raiding the Marion County Record boils and bubbles, I want to take a step back and write about parts of the story that have been miscommunicated or missed altogether. This happens. Stories that spread nationally from a local dispute can get facts wrong or miss vital subtleties. The addition of social media to the mix means that news can become distorted in the game of telephone resulting from quickly skimmed headlines and half-read articles. But if we’re all going to be paying attention to a story about newspapers and newsgathering, it’s worth knowing what’s true, what’s false and what we just don’t know yet. We should all have the patience and fortitude, when facing a situation like this, to refrain from easy or simplistic attacks and assumptions. * ⚓ NPR ☛ A_police_raid_of_a_Kansas_newsroom_raises_alarms_about_violations of_press_freedom⠀⇛ Law enforcement officers in Kansas raided the office of a local newspaper and a journalist’s home on Friday, prompting outrage over what First Amendment experts are calling a likely violation of federal law. The police department in Marion, Kansas — a town of about 2,000 — raided the Marion County Record under a search warrant signed by a county judge. Officers confiscated computers, cellphones, reporting materials and other items essential to the weekly paper’s operations. * ⚓ NPR ☛ Kansas_newspaper_says_it_investigated_local_police_chief_prior_to newsroom_raid⠀⇛ The small-town Kansas newspaper raided by police officers on Friday had been looking into allegations of misconduct against the local chief just months ago, according to the paper’s publisher, raising further concerns about the law enforcement officers’ motives. * ⚓ Meduza ☛ ‘I_want_to_live_—_and_that’s_why_I’m_writing’_:_Russian journalist_Elena_Kostyuchenko_recounts_surviving_an_apparent_poisoning attempt_in_Germany⠀⇛ Elena Kostyuchenko is one of the finest and most intrepid Russian journalists working today. On day one of Russia’s full- scale invasion, Kostyuchenko left for Ukraine to cover the war for Novaya Gazeta. Her reporting provided powerful testimony about the war crimes the Russian military committed against Ukraine’s civilian population. But in late March 2022, faced with the threat of criminal prosecution in Russia, Novaya Gazeta was forced to suspend publication. Kostyuchenko’s wartime dispatches were also removed from the newspaper’s website — and she hasn’t published a story since. Unable to return safely to Russia, Kostyuchenko moved to Germany and began experiencing health problems shortly afterwards. Instead of getting better, as she’d initially expected, her symptoms grew worse over time, until it became apparent that she might have been poisoned. Now, a new investigation from the independent outlet The Insider has revealed what most likely happened to her. In her own words, Elena Kostyuchenko recalls covering the 2022 invasion and surviving an apparent poisoning attempt, carried out in Europe. * ⚓ Meduza ☛ ‘The_most_likely_explanation’_:_At_least_three_Russian journalists_and_activists_appear_to_have_been_poisoned_abroad_since_fall 2022⠀⇛ The independent outlet The Insider has published an investigation into a series of poisoning attacks targeting Russian journalists and activists in Europe. In October 2022, Elena Kostyuchenko, a journalist for Novaya Gazeta and Meduza, was poisoned in Munich, and Irina Babloyan, who works for Ekho Moskvy, was poisoned in Tbilisi. In May 2023, Natalia Arno, the president of the Free Russian Foundation, showed symptoms of poisoning. While The Insider doesn’t usually publish materials about poisoning attacks until the perpetrators are identified, its journalists decided to make the information it has public, with the victim permission, in order to warn Russian activists who leave the country of the threat they might face abroad. * ⚓ RFERL ☛ Investigative_News_Outlet_Reports_On_Alleged_Poisoning_Of Russian_Journalists,_Activist_Living_Outside_Russia⠀⇛ The investigative news outlet The Insider has revealed alleged attempts to poison two Russian journalists and a civil activist who have fled the country. § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾ * ⚓ France24 ☛ Two_years_on_from_Taliban_takeover,_Afghan_women_pay_the price⠀⇛ Afghanistan’s Taliban government was set Tuesday to mark the second anniversary of their takeover of the country with a military parade in the movement’s birthplace, as well as other celebrations of their surge back to power, which has resulted in dramatic reversals on women’s rights. * ⚓ El País ☛ Two_years_under_Taliban_rule_in_Afghanistan:_‘I_never_thought the_world_would_forget_about_us_so_quickly’⠀⇛ On August 15, 2021, when messages began to arrive about the Taliban’s impending arrival, Hussnia ran home from work. “I spent seven months cooped up and scared to death. I lost my baby. I was six months pregnant, it was a girl,” recalls the woman, who belongs to the Hazara community, a Shiite minority that is heavily discriminated against and persecuted by fundamentalists. She eventually fled with a brother and crossed the border into Pakistan concealed under a burqa. “Women lost their place in society overnight. Now they are only suitable for marriage and having children. They would have killed me because of my work,” says Hussnia, almost apologetically. The attorney spent six months in Islamabad, temporarily living in a hut, like other compatriots she had met in the city. In January 2023, she was among a group of prosecutors, judges and lawyers to be evacuated and taken in by Spain. * ⚓ Atlantic Council ☛ Women_in_Iran_fight_to_break_Islamic_Republic ‘cage’⠀⇛ “I am a woman. I would die before giving up my values,” roared a woman dressed in white from head to toe in Karaj, west of the capital Tehran. Brandishing her hair in a ponytail, she confronted a security officer threatening her with prison. “The era that we were scared of you has ended,” the woman proclaimed in a video posted on July 20 by Bisimchi Media, a Telegram channel allegedly linked to the security forces. Unsurprisingly, Bisimchi called for her arrest, with the channel reporting that she was arrested on the same day by security forces for “desecrating sanctities.” * ⚓ RFERL ☛ Taliban_2.0:_Two_Years_After_Takeover,_Afghan_Women_See_Gains Whittled_Away⠀⇛ Afghanistan’s Taliban rulers mark the two-year anniversary of their takeover of the capital, Kabul, on August 15. The UN says 20 years of progress for Afghan women and girls have since been reversed with the situation returning to what it was before 2002, when the Taliban last held power. * ⚓ New York Times ☛ Woman_Is_Awarded_$1.2_Billion_in_‘Revenge_Porn’ Lawsuit⠀⇛ A Texas woman was awarded $1.2 billion in damages last week after she sued her former boyfriend and accused him of sending intimate images of her to her family, friends and co-workers from fake online accounts. * ⚓ The Register UK ☛ 80%_of_execs_regret_calling_employees_back_to_the office⠀⇛ But a recent survey [PDF] has many such executives admitting exactly that: they didn’t have the data and they just went with their gut. This is according to info from Envoy and Hanover Research, which surveyed over 1,156 senior executives (vice president or greater) and workplace managers in the US. According to their report, a whopping 80 percent of the execs say they would have approached their company’s return-to-office strategy “differently” if they had access to workplace data to inform their decision. The report notes that “this is cause for concern — since individual biases and limited perspectives can turn out to be costly” and adds: [...] § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾ * ⚓ New York Times ☛ X_Slows_Down_Access_to_Some_Rival_Sites⠀⇛ X, the social media service formerly known as Twitter, slowed down access from its platform to rival sites such as Substack and Facebook, but on Tuesday began reversing an effort to restrict its users from quickly viewing news sites, according to a New York Times analysis. The slowness, known in tech parlance as “throttling,” initially affected rival social networks including Facebook, Bluesky and Instagram, as well as the newsletter site Substack and news outlets including Reuters and The New York Times, according to The Times’s analysis. The delay to load links from X was relatively minor — about 4.5 seconds — but still noticeable, according to the analysis. Several of the services that were throttled have faced the ire of X’s owner, Elon Musk. § Monopolies⠀➾ * § Copyrights⠀➾ o ⚓ Torrent Freak ☛ Court_Orders_SportsBay_to_Pay_Almost_Half_a Billion_Dollars_For_Violating_DMCA⠀⇛ In the summer of 2021, DISH Network and Sling filed a copyright lawsuit against four unlicensed sports streaming sites, among them the popular SportsBay.org. After the plaintiffs named two alleged operators of the sites, this week a court in Texas held the pair liable for almost 2.5 million violations of the DMCA’s anti- circumvention provisions and almost half a billion dollars in damages. o ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ Once_Mighty_FLVTO.biz_Gives_Up_Fight_Against RIAA_As_Funds_Run_Dry⠀⇛ Last month, Russian stream ripper FLVTO.biz filed an appeal of the $83 million verdict against it. A month later and the fight is over as funds run dry. The RIAA obtained a default judgment in their favor against FLVTO.biz and 2conv.com and its Russian operator more than two years ago. o ⚓ Torrent Freak ☛ Twitter/X_Asks_Court_to_Dismiss_$250m+_Music Piracy_Lawsuit⠀⇛ Elon Musk’s X, formerly known as Twitter, has submitted a motion to dismiss a copyright infringement lawsuit filed by several prominent music labels earlier this year. With a potential quarter billion dollars in damages at stake, X argues that the liability claims are insufficient to state a proper copyright infringement claim. o ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ Twitter/X_Formally_Moves_To_Dismiss Publishers’_Copyright_Infringement_Lawsuit⠀⇛ In June, a multitude of National Music Publishers’ Association members filed a quarter-billion-dollar copyright infringement lawsuit against Twitter/X. Now, the Elon Musk-owned social platform has officially moved to dismiss the complaint. Twitter, which kicked off a much-publicized rebrand around “X” last month, just recently submitted its motion to dismiss. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 3942 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.16.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Links_16/08/2023:_First_Contact_With_an_Antenna,_Ben’s_Gemcast_Has_New Episode⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 10:31 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * Gemini*_and_Gopher o Personal/Opinions o Technology_and_Free_Software # Internet/Gemini * § Gemini* and Gopher⠀➾ o § Personal/Opinions⠀➾ # ⚓ Funeral_Times⠀⇛ Yesterday was spent at my Grandma’s funeral. She died 2 or so weeks ago in a quiet manner after not really eating or drinking for the past 4 months. My Grandma had been suffering from vascular dementia for 6 or so years although managed to stay in her home thanks to carers until the last 5 months. The day I realised that the woman I loved had changed significantly was when she went grey. If she was well, she would never of not dyed her hair. I still have no idea what her natural hair colour was. I am not sure my mum knows really. My response to the call that she had died was very matter of fact and there was relief that she had stopped suffering. The last time I visited, she was just lying in bed in the dark. There was a response but she was not able to really concentrate. Luckily my brother was there and went into his work mode. He works as a pharmacist in care homes so is used to patients in her condition. Following that, there were tears but weird tears. # ⚓ Re:_I_Want_to_Wear_a_Dress⠀⇛ So do I! Or, well, probabably more likely a skirt. A skirt seems like a more versatile replacement for pants and shorts, and I would expect to have better luck finding a skirt that fits well. Lately I have been trying to improve my sewing skills beyond clothing repair so I can reliably make my own clothes. If anyone knows of some good skirt patterns, let me know. # ⚓ 🔤SpellBinding:_FSIKLOH_Wordo:_GRITS⠀⇛ # ⚓ Social_Adulthood⠀⇛ When I was a senior in high school, I was afraid of the prospect of my childhood ending and that I’d have to go out into the real world. I struggled with self-confidence for much of my life, and I doubted that I’d be able to succeed in anything I tried. I was also afraid of leaving the comfort and familiarity of home. When it came time to choose a university to attend, I gave up on my first choice because I was intimidated by how far I’d be from my family and friends. That trend continued in college. I didn’t apply myself very hard, partially because I was lazy and partially because I feared I wouldn’t do well even if I tried. I ended up graduating with a GPA lower than 3, and with no hope of continuing into graduate school–a goal I’d adopted by default because I was scared of entering the business world. o § Technology and Free Software⠀➾ # ⚓ First_Contact_with_an_Antenna_Made_in_a_Hurry⠀⇛ I’m a radio amateur newbie and I’ve struggled to get on the air with my shortwave BITX40 radio and my 20m long wire antenna on my balcony. For a long time I’ve also owned a Baofeng UV-5R+ handheld radio for the VHF/UHF bands, but never actually used it. It’s very cheap (about $25 when I bought it), doesn’t have many bells and whistles, but still as a lot of bang for the buck. Compared to shortwave, VHF/UHF is much easier to get into. No need for a huge wire antenna. The tradeoff is that you only are limited to line of sight range, compared to the bounce-off-the- ionosphere action that allows shortwave to reach between continents. On the other hand you have VHF/ UHF repeaters on hilltops that have powerful radios and good antennas (and this very good range). These allow people to talk to each other using the repeater as a hub. One evening I programmed the freqencies for the repeaters in my area into my handheld and listened in on a conversation. I thought I recognized one of the guys from an antenna day in Motala the year before. Maybe it was him… Another night I felt it was time to call CQ and see if anyone would answer. Lo and behold, the same guy answered my call! Well, he heard that someone was trying to call, but he said he couldn’t read the call sign. # ⚓ Doing_and_Making_Things_Myself⠀⇛ I’m in the process of selling my flat. Therefore I’ve learned how to put up new wallpapers, and I’m using my amateur handyman skills to fix smaller aesthetic blemishes. I’m updating my OpenTTD mod Tea Tea Deluxe, adding custom train carriages for monorail and maglev. And tweaking smaller things, of course. Because why wouldn’t I? I’ve done a whole lot of kit and scratch bashing lately. The kids and I are getting into Warhammer 40k (not playing, though, because that was just boring). Models are expensive, but a package will give you a lot more than it says on the box. Lots of extra arms, heads, and weapons for alternative builds. The sprues are great for bashing too. I scored an expensive box for half price because it was incomplete. Still a bargain compared to buying the included models separately. With fimo clay, extra bits, and select pieces of trash one can make pretty cool stuff. # ⚓ Timely_Fiction,_Non-Eternal_Fiction:_A_ramble_on_old stuff⠀⇛ So I decided to rewatch one of the old flash animations from Homestuck today. Thanks, youtube Music algorithm for suggesting that activity. I guess. I remember being so hype about Homestuck back in the day, circa 2011-2012. Any time Hussie updated it was like an Unannounced Random Christmas. My then-boyfriend now-husband and I would freak the fuck out and go read or watch them with ravenous fervor. Like, to use the terms of nowadays for back then, we were positively *pogging* out our goddamned *gourds*. # ⚓ foobucket.xyz_is_now_redtermnial.org⠀⇛ The old domain is valid until 10th of september 2024. Until this date it will permanently redirect all requests to the new domain to prevent broken links (status code 31). Hopefully this works good enough. Besides the fact that I didn’t like the “foobucket.xyz” name (I’m not good at naming things), the new domain “redterminal.org” has the advantage that it’s more search engine friendly (already got some “web creators”/”SEO” spam after 3 days). Search engines like wiby.me or marginalia.nu didn’t accept the old domain. I’m not completely sure why, but I think these judge “xyz” TLDs as spam domains. # ⚓ 50_Years_of_Text_Games_@Ruby_Witch_suggested_this_book,_and I_could_not_resist.⠀⇛ I really wish I could get the paper edition, but it was sold out. I got the digital version for $25 (pdf, epub and text), but… The book has tons of insets, photos, and graphics, and the epub, unfortunately, cannot keep up with it. CoolReader, my favorite epub viewer, does not break lines correctly in example text, and surrounds each inset with things like # § Internet/Gemini⠀➾ # ⚓ Ben’s_Gemcast:_Episode_52⠀⇛ =============================================================================== * Gemini_(Primer) links can be opened using Gemini_software. It’s like the World Wide Web but a lot lighter. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 4178 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.16.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Links_16/08/2023:_HashiCorp_Goes_Proprietary⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 7:38 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * GNU/Linux o Desktop/Laptop o Audiocasts/Shows o Kernel_Space o Instructionals/Technical o Desktop_Environments/WMs # K_Desktop_Environment/KDE_SC/Qt # GNOME_Desktop/GTK * Distributions_and_Operating_Systems o Fedora_Family_/_IBM o Debian_Family o Devices/Embedded o Open_Hardware/Modding * Free,_Libre,_and_Open_Source_Software o Productivity_Software/LibreOffice/Calligra o Programming/Development # Python # Java * Leftovers o Science o Hardware o Health/Nutrition/Agriculture o Proprietary/Artificial_Intelligence_(AI) o Pseudo-Open_Source # Openwashing o Security # Privacy/Surveillance o Defence/Aggression o Environment # Energy/Transportation o Finance o AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics o Censorship/Free_Speech o Civil_Rights/Policing o Internet_Policy/Net_Neutrality o Monopolies # Patents # Trademarks # Copyrights * § GNU/Linux⠀➾ o ⚓ Linux Links ☛ Linux_Around_The_World:_Jamaica⠀⇛ We cover user groups that are running in Jamaica. This article forms part of our Linux Around The World series. o § Desktop/Laptop⠀➾ # ⚓ System76 ☛ AI_Proteins:_Creating_Groundbreaking_Treatments on_System76_Hardware⠀⇛ Biotech company AI Proteins is at the forefront of revolutionizing medicine through the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and protein design. They use AI to harness the power of synthetically designed proteins to cure diseases and potentially make medicine more affordable. We recently interviewed AI Proteins about their work and how they use System76 machines and Linux to transform the field of drug discovery. At the heart of AI Proteins lies a groundbreaking approach called de novo protein design, which leverages the power of AI, synthetic biology, and automation. Unlike traditional protein-based therapies, which are derived from natural sources, de novo protein design allows the creation of entirely new molecules tailored for medicinal purposes. This level of control and precision offers a promising avenue for developing safer, more effective, and purpose-built medicines. o § Audiocasts/Shows⠀➾ # ⚓ Destination_Linux_335:_Rolling_on_Ubuntu_with_Rhino_Linux⠀⇛ SHOW NOTES ►► https://tuxdigital.com/podcasts/ destination-linux/dl-335/ # ⚓ Tux Digital ☛ Destination_Linux_335:_Rolling_on_Ubuntu_with Rhino_Linux⠀⇛ On this episode of Destination Linux (335), we discuss a rolling Ubuntu based distribution with Rhino Linux and we give some tips for screen recording on Wayland in our community feedback. Then we’re going to pay tribute to a special person and project. Plus, we have our tips, tricks and software picks for you. o § Kernel Space⠀➾ # ⚓ LWN ☛ Linux_6.4.11⠀⇛ I'm announcing the release of the 6.4.11 kernel. All users of the 6.4 kernel series must upgrade. The updated 6.4.y git tree can be found at: git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ stable/linux-stable.git linux-6.4.y and can be browsed at the normal kernel.org git web browser: https://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/stable/ linux-s... thanks, greg k-h # ⚓ LWN ☛ Linux_6.1.46⠀⇛ # ⚓ LWN ☛ Linux_5.15.127⠀⇛ # ⚓ LWN ☛ Linux_5.10.191⠀⇛ # ⚓ LWN ☛ Linux_5.4.254⠀⇛ # ⚓ LWN ☛ Linux_4.19.292⠀⇛ # ⚓ LWN ☛ Linux_4.14.323⠀⇛ o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾ # ⚓ Make Use Of ☛ How_to_Install_Mozilla_Firefox_on_Ubuntu:_5 Ways⠀⇛ Firefox is a free and open-source web browser from Mozilla. It is one of the most popular and preferred web browsers globally because of its speed, customization, and security features. It is available for Linux, Windows, and macOS. On Ubuntu 22.04 and later, Firefox comes preinstalled as a Snap package by default. While Snap offers advantages such as ease of installation, some users do not prefer it due to its slow startup time and disk space issues. # ⚓ Metatrader_4_for_Linux:_A_Comprehensive_Guide_to_Trading_on Linux⠀⇛ Metatrader 4 (MT4) is a popular trading platform used by forex traders worldwide. It offers advanced charting, analysis tools, and a vast range of indicators to facilitate efficient trading. While MT4 is primarily designed for Windows, Linux users can also enjoy the benefits of this powerful platform. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore how to install and use Metatrader 4 on Linux, along with its key features and troubleshooting tips. # § idroot⠀➾ # ⚓ ID Root ☛ How_To_Install_TeamViewer_on_Fedora_38⠀⇛ In this tutorial, we will show you how to install TeamViewer on Fedora 38. For those of you who didn’t know, TeamViewer is a feature- rich software that facilitates remote access, making it an invaluable tool for businesses and individuals alike. # ⚓ ID Root ☛ How_To_Install_Podman_on_Fedora_38⠀⇛ In this tutorial, we will show you how to install Podman on Fedora 38. For those of you who didn’t know, Podman is a container management tool that allows users to run, manage, and interact with containers without requiring a daemon running in the background. # ⚓ ID Root ☛ How_To_Install_SQLite_on_Debian_12⠀⇛ In this tutorial, we will show you how to install SQLite on Debian 12. SQLite, a lightweight and self-contained database engine, plays a vital role in the Debian 12 (Bookworm) ecosystem, offering a powerful and efficient data management solution. # § linuxcapable⠀➾ # ⚓ Linux Capable ☛ How_to_Install_Metasploit_Framework on_Debian_13/12/11/10⠀⇛ The Metasploit Framework is an indispensable cybersecurity tool renowned for its penetration testing and vulnerability assessment capabilities. This guide is tailored to walk you through the installation process of the Metasploit Framework on Debian platforms, specifically Debian 13 Trixie, Debian 12 Bookworm, Debian 11 Bullseye, and Debian 10 Buster. # ⚓ Linux Capable ☛ How_to_Install_CUDA_Toolkit_on_Debian 11/10⠀⇛ NVIDIA’s CUDA, or Compute Unified Device Architecture, is a powerful tool for parallel computing. It uses NVIDIA graphics processing units (GPUs) to boost the speed of computing tasks. This guide will show you how to install CUDA on Debian 11 Bullseye and Debian 10 Buster. # ⚓ Linux Capable ☛ How_to_Install_Kodi_on_Debian_13/12/ 11/10⠀⇛ In the expansive world of media center software, Kodi emerges as a leading choice for many enthusiasts and professionals. This open-source application has revolutionized how users access and manage multimedia content. # ⚓ Linux Capable ☛ How_to_Install_GIMP_on_Debian_13/12/ 11/10⠀⇛ The GNU Image Manipulation Program, or GIMP, is an essential tool for professionals and enthusiasts in the digital image editing domain. This guide will walk you through the steps to install GIMP on Debian 13 Trixie, Debian 12 Bookworm, Debian 11 Bullseye, or Debian 10 Buster. # ⚓ Linux Capable ☛ How_to_Install_LibreOffice_on_Debian 13/12/11/10⠀⇛ For those looking to install LibreOffice on their Debian system, you’ve come to the right place. LibreOffice Suite is a premier open- source office software solution, providing a comprehensive array of tools designed for a range of tasks. # § linuxconcept⠀➾ # ⚓ Load_Balancing_Made_Easy:_Enhancing_Virtual_Hosting with_Nginx⠀⇛ # ⚓ Simplified_Domain_Management:_Server_Aliases_and Redirects_in_Nginx⠀⇛ # ⚓ Unveiling_Subdomain_and_Subdirectory_Virtual_Hosting in_Nginx⠀⇛ # ⚓ Choosing_Wisely:_Name-Based_vs._IP-Based_Virtual Hosting_in_Nginx⠀⇛ # ⚓ Securing_Your_Virtual_Hosts:_Implementing_SSL/TLS_in Nginx⠀⇛ # ⚓ Tailoring_Nginx_Server_Blocks:_Customizing_Host- Specific_Settings⠀⇛ # ⚓ Mastering_Default_Server_Configurations_in_Nginx Virtual_Hosting⠀⇛ # ⚓ Step-by-Step_Guide_to_Setting_Up_Server_Blocks_in Nginx⠀⇛ # ⚓ Demystifying_Virtual_Hosting_in_Nginx:_A Comprehensive_Guide⠀⇛ # ⚓ Case_Study:_Hosting_Multiple_Apps_with_Nginx_Like_a Pro⠀⇛ # ⚓ dwaves.de ☛ How_to_upgrade_from_Debian_11_to_Debian_12_– Apache2_upgrade_problems_not_running_PHP(8.2)_but_output_text of_code⠀⇛ How to upgrade from Debian 11 to Debian 12 update from Debian 11 to Debian 12: please note that major release updates are prone to problems. for the savest way to upgrade: keep data sepearte from programs and reinstall. # ⚓ Linux Host Support ☛ How_to_Install_Anaconda_on_Ubuntu 22.04⠀⇛ Anaconda is an open-source environment and package manager, also a distribution of the Python programming language specifically designed for data science and machine learning tasks. One of the main advantages of Anaconda is its extensive library support. It includes popular libraries such as NumPy, Pandas, SciPy, Matplotlib, scikit-learn, and many others. # ⚓ Linuxiac ☛ How_to_Mount_ISO_Files_on_Linux_(with Examples)⠀⇛ Learn to effortlessly mount ISO files on Linux with our easy-to-follow instructions to gain quick access to the ISO image content. # ⚓ Own HowTo ☛ How_to_fix_Ubuntu_has_experienced_an_internal error⠀⇛ In this tutorial, you will learn how to fix the error “Ubuntu has experienced an internal error” on Ubuntu 23.04. This error happens, when your system crashes, and the reason why you get this error is because the apport tool may be enabled on your system. # ⚓ nixCraft ☛ How_to_reboot_Alpine_Linux_using_Ansible_when kernel_is_updated⠀⇛ You can use the reboot or shutdown_-r_now to reboot the Linux system. However, this doesn’t scale well if you have many Alpine Linux servers (or clusters based upon Alpine Linux) and need to reboot the server only if a new Linux kernel is installed. Let us see how to use the Ansible IT automation tool to reboot the Alpine Linux VM or server only when a new Linux kernel is installed. # ⚓ Peter_Czanik:_Backward_compatibility_in_syslog-ng_by_using the_version_number_in_syslog-ng.conf⠀⇛ Many users are annoyed by the version number included in the syslog-ng configuration. However, it ensures backward compatibility in syslog-ng. It is especially useful when updating to syslog-ng 4 from version 3, but also when updating within the same major version. # ⚓ Peter ‘CzP’ Czanik ☛ Peter_Czanik:_Backward_compatibility in_syslog-ng_by_using_the_version_number_in_syslog-ng.conf⠀⇛ Many users are annoyed by the version number included in the syslog-ng configuration. However, it ensures backward compatibility in syslog-ng. It is especially useful when updating to syslog-ng 4 from version 3, but also when updating within the same major version. # ⚓ IT Pro Today ☛ How_To_Add_Users_to_a_Group_in_Linux:_A Step-by-Step_Guide⠀⇛ Learn about creating, managing, and removing users from groups in Linux. This guide covers both GUI and command-line approaches. # ⚓ Linux.org ☛ DCA_–_07_–_Lock_and_Unlock_a_Swarm⠀⇛ When running a swarm, there is a lot of information stored within the logs of the managing node. The information can be sensitive to security. We store everything that is performed by the managing nodes in the logs. The head node creates the logs and replicates the logs to the other managers. Since each manager has a copy of the logs, then any manager can take the place as the leading node in the swarm if the leading node goes down. # ⚓ Ubuntu Handbook ☛ Install_Ubuntu_23.10’s_New_Window_Tiling Function_in_Ubuntu_22.04⠀⇛ Ubuntu 23.10 is going to introduce new enhanced tiling window support! Here’s how you can try it out in Ubuntu 22.04 & Ubuntu 20.04. For those who don’t know what is window tiling, it’s a window management behavior that snap window to screen edge/corner to be half or quarter-tile. # ⚓ Red Hat ☛ Set_up_a_continuous_integration_pipeline_with Ansible_Automation_Platform_&_GitLab⠀⇛ In modern software development practices, automation plays a crucial role in streamlining processes and ensuring efficient and reliable deployments. Red_Hat_Ansible_Automation_Platform is an enterprise automation tool that allows you to define and manage configuration as code. GitLab, on the other hand, provides a robust CI/CD platform for managing code repositories and executing continuous integration and deployment pipelines. o § Desktop Environments/WMs⠀➾ # § K Desktop Environment/KDE SC/Qt⠀➾ # ⚓ Carl Schwan ☛ Kirigami_Addons_0.11.0⠀⇛ Kirigami Addons 0.11.0 is out! This release brings a bunch of new components. Since I forgot to write an announcement for the 0.10 relesse, I will mention some of the new features of 0.10 too. This helpful component is similar to Kirigami.InlineMessage and can be used as the footer or header of a page. # § GNOME Desktop/GTK⠀➾ # ⚓ Bilal_Elmoussaoui:_Damage_areas_across_the_VirtIO space⠀⇛ In the last few months, I have been trying to improve the default UI shipped by QEMU. As you might not know, QEMU ships with various UI backends: GTK, SDL, Cocoa and recently a DBus one. I first started trying to port the GTK 3 backend to GTK 4 but faced some issues where I couldn’t use GtkApplication as it starts its own GMainLoop which interferes with some god knows what internal GMainLoop started by QEMU itself. My intention was not to only do a simple port but also to see how we could optimize the rendering path as well. At that time, I also learned that Christian Hergert started working on libmks, a new client-side C library of the DBus backend as he has the intention of using it in GNOME Builder. Marc-André Lureau, one of the upstream QEMU maintainers, is also working on something similar, with a larger scope and using Rust called RDW, a Remote Desktop Widget to rule them all. * § Distributions and Operating Systems⠀➾ o ⚓ Ruben Schade ☛ My_daily_carry_in_2023⠀⇛ My dream is also to have a single, multi-boot USB key to replace the half dozen I carry around, I just haven’t got around to doing it. Something like Rufus but with multiple images or partitions. Anyone know of a straightforward tool that could be used to do this, say for FreeBSD, Fedora, ESXi, Windows Server, macOS, and the like? And finally, my laptops need more NetBSD stickers to complement the FreeBSD ones. This wouldn’t add any discernable weight, though it would add discernable awesomeness. 🧡 o ⚓ HaikuOS ☛ Haiku_Activity_&_Contract_Report,_July_2023⠀⇛ As is the usual way of things, the monthly Activity Report is hereby combined with my Contract Report. This report covers hrev57127 through hrev57183. o § Fedora Family / IBM⠀➾ # ⚓ Forbes ☛ The_Future_Of_Open-Source_Enterprise_Linux_And Community_Collaboration⠀⇛ In the rapidly evolving world of technology, a seismic shift is taking place as the very ethos of the open-source market finds itself in flux. The cherished ideals of open community standards, collaboration, and crowdsourced innovation are now being challenged by powerful enterprises, many of them publicly-traded corporations, grappling with the balance between shareholder fiduciary responsibilities and community support. Red Hat, one of the longtime leaders in the open- source space, made some key announcements, which I got the chance to discuss with Gunnar Hellekson, the GM of the Red Hat Enterprise Linux business recently, that the company is changing how it approaches the open-source community as it relates to its main source of revenue, Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL). RHEL is an open-source operating system that thousands of organizations, institutions, and government departments use globally. # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Red_Hat_redeploys_one_of_its_main_desktop developers⠀⇛ A blog post from senior Red Hat developer Bastien Nocera indicates that the company is further consolidating its development efforts on desktop Linux. The post, simply titled “New responsibilities”, refers back to Red Hat’s earlier decision to stop packing LibreOffice for RHEL back in June. That in turn followed the company laying off Fedora project lead Ben Cotton. Nocera isn’t being laid off, merely “transferred to another team that deals with one of a list of Red Hat’s priority projects.” Nocera links to one of his emails from the end of June, which lists multiple Fedora packages that he had to stop working on. Although he says that he gave less than 10 percent of his time to them, he describes some of the areas which will now be orphaned… # ⚓ MontaVista_Announces_Rocky_Linux_9.2_MVShield_Support⠀⇛ MontaVista® Software, LLC, a leader in commercial Embedded Linux® products and services, announces immediate availability for Rocky Linux 9.2 for customers needing commercial support and maintenance for Rocky Linux. MontaVista’s commitment to Rocky Linux continues despite the recent changes to the CentOS project source distribution announced by Red Hat. The Rocky Linux project was founded in late 2020 as a successor in principle to CentOS Linux, generating an impressive ecosystem around the Rocky Enterprise Software Foundation (RESF) over the last few years. MontaVista Software joined RESF as a Principal Sponsor early in the process and continues to support and drive strategic alignment with its products and services. # ⚓ Kamil_Páral:_Bisecting_Fedora_kernel⠀⇛ This post shows how to bisect a Fedora kernel to find the source of a regression. I needed_that recently and I found no good guide, so I’m at least capturing my notes here, perhaps you find it useful. This approach can be used to identify which exact commit caused a bad kernel behavior on your hardware, and then report it to kernel maintainers. Note, you need to have a reliable way of reproducing the problem. If it happens randomly and infrequently, it’s much harder to debug. # ⚓ CentOS ☛ CentOS_Board_Meeting_Recap,_August_2023⠀⇛ The recording of the August CentOS Board meeting is now available. Watch the recording Read the minutes The recording has timestamps so you can skip to the parts that interest you. Here are a few highlights of the meeting: We got an update on the status of trusting SIGs for secureboot (Issue 67). o § Debian Family⠀➾ # ⚓ Debian_Celebrates_30_years!⠀⇛ Over 30 years ago the late Ian Murdock wrote to the comp.os.linux.development newsgroup about the completion of a brand-new Linux release which he named “The Debian Linux Release”. He built the release by hand, from scratch, so to speak. Ian laid out guidelines for how this new release would work, what approach the release would take regarding its size, manner of upgrades, installation procedures; and with great care of consideration for users without Internet connection. # ⚓ LWN ☛ Debian_turns_30⠀⇛ After 30 years, Debian is still going strong. # ⚓ LWN ☛ Debian_adds_LoongArch_support⠀⇛ The Debian project has added the LoongArch architecture to its ports collection. o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾ # ⚓ Engineering_Hero:_Daire_McNamara_Takes_Microchip’s PolarFire_SoC_to_Space⠀⇛ Chip bring-up is a job most technologists don’t want or know how to do. It involves developing and running a series of low-level interface and memory tests, coding drivers, verifying the boot process, and debugging the debuggers, then rolling all that work into the creation of board support packages (BSPs) and software development kits (SDKs) over a period of weeks or months. There isn’t much glory in it, but application development can’t happen without it. Daire has performed chip bring-up on dozens of target microprocessors, if not more, bringing to life chips based on Arm, x86, PIC, SPARC, ARC, MSP, and other microarchitectures so other engineers can take advantage of them. He recently did the same for a new RISC-V-based chip, the Microchip PolarFire SoC FPGA, adding error detection and correction (EDAC) mechanisms and Linux drivers to its technology stack for in-space servicing, assembly, and manufacturing (ISAM) company Skycorp, and doing so in time for the launch of a Northrop Grumman NG-17 spacecraft that would carry their test product into orbit just weeks later. # ⚓ Success_Stories:_How_One_Man’s_Race_to_Beat_A_Rocket_Launch Enabled_Thousands_of_Linux_Developers_–_Embedded_Computing Design⠀⇛ When the iSSI project got underway, the PolarFire SoC FPGA lead partner Skycorp had selected as one of the system’s primary control platforms had only just hit the market. As a Linux-capable processor built around a RISC-V CPU cluster, tens of thousands of FPGA logic elements, and an advanced memory protection scheme, the PolarFire device checked a lot of boxes for the mission. That said, the technology infrastructure around the processors was still maturing. o § Open Hardware/Modding⠀➾ # ⚓ CNX Software ☛ Privacy-focused_DIY_video_doorbell_leverages ESP32-CAM_board,_ESPHome_firmware,_Home_Assistant⠀⇛ Seeing the lack of privacy-focused video doorbells on the market, Tristam (aka ThatGuy) decided to design his own doorbell with an ESP32-CAM board purchased from Amazon and flashed with ESPHome open-source firmware for easy integration with Home Assistant so there’s no need to rely on third-party cloud services. The DIY design also comes with other off-the-shelf parts with a momentary push button, a 10kΩ resistor, an RGB LED ring light,  M2.5 brass inserts and screws, and a 10-meter micro USB cable all of which can be purchased from Amazon or another shop. # ⚓ Arduino ☛ This_smart_diaper_knows_when_it_is_ready_to_be changed⠀⇛ The traditional method for changing a diaper starts when someone smells or feels the that the diaper has been soiled, and while it isn’t the greatest process, removing the soiled diaper as soon as possible is important for avoiding rashes and infections. # ⚓ Raspberry Pi ☛ Digital_making_with_Raspberry_Pis_in_primary schools_in_Sarawak,_Malaysia⠀⇛ Dr Sue Sentance shares what she learned about the approach taken to computing education in Malaysia’s largest state during a recent visit. # ⚓ Tom’s Hardware ☛ Pocket-Sized_Blackberry_Has_Raspberry_Pi at_its_Heart⠀⇛ This Raspberry Pi powered handheld looks more corporate than fun, but the project packs a lot of skills and fun into a small package. * § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾ o § Productivity Software/LibreOffice/Calligra⠀➾ # ⚓ Ubuntubuzz ☛ LibreOffice_Calc_Productive_Exercises_for Students_and_Workers⠀⇛ This collection of tutorials will help you learn LibreOffice Calc like Microsoft Excel. We published these gradually since 2022 and is still continuing. We hope these helps you all regardless your occupation being a student, a teacher or a worker. Happy studying! o § Programming/Development⠀➾ # ⚓ Software Freedom Conservancy ☛ We_Call_on_FOSS_Contributors to_“Exit_Zoom”⠀⇛ A news_item from Software Freedom Conservancy. SFC Announces Program to Help FOSS Enthusiasts Adopt Zoom Alternatives Software Freedom Conservancy stands with concerned users and consumers; we too face difficult choices with respect to software rights and freedom. As part FOSS options for the general public. We also strive to “meet people where they are.” The industrialized world has changed since the advent of FOSS. Only the most privileged among us have the option to avoid proprietary software — from the grocery store coupons, to interacting with government agencies, to looking for a job, to attending mandatory meetings at our jobs. The pandemic accelerated the widespread adoption of new technologies, such as video chat. Quite quickly after the pandemic started, we noted that some of our colleagues began pressuring us to meet on Zoom. It was really hard in the early days of the pandemic to balance the need for human connection and a principled stance on video conferencing software. We want to acknowledge that we all make tradeoffs and negotiations with our ethics, and these are not cut and dry issues. The wider business and non-profit sectors beyond FOSS quickly standardized on wholly proprietary video chat software — and Zoom was, by far, the market leader. # ⚓ Bruce Schneier ☛ Zoom_Can_Spy_on_Your_Calls_and_Use_the Conversation_to_Train_AI,_But_Says_That_It_Won’t⠀⇛ This_is_why we need regulation: Zoom updated its Terms_of_Service in March, spelling out that the company reserves the right to train AI on user data with no mention of a way to opt out. # ⚓ Chris ☛ Optimise_the_Expensive_First⠀⇛ # ⚓ Dirk Eddelbuettel ☛ Dirk_Eddelbuettel:_#41:_Using_r2u_in Codespaces⠀⇛ Welcome to the 41th post in the $R^4 series. # § Python⠀➾ # ⚓ Linux Hint ☛ Python_File_Stat()⠀⇛ The “os.stat()” method of the “os” module in Python is utilized to retrieve all the file information such as type of file, size of file and others. # § Java⠀➾ # ⚓ Red Hat ☛ How_to_use_Cryostat_agent_to_profile_Java workloads⠀⇛ InCryostat_2.3, we deliver the first iteration of a long-time requested feature, the JDK instrumentation agent for profiling Java workloads using JFR. This article provides a brief overview of an instrumentation agent, what the Cryostat agent does, reasons to instrument your containerized_applications with the Cryostat agent, and finally, an example of how to include the Cryostat agent into a Quarkus application. * § Leftovers⠀➾ o § Science⠀➾ # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ JWST_Reveals_Intriguing_New_Details_About Earendel,_The_Farthest_Star_Ever_Detected⠀⇛ Behold! # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Superconductor_Scientist_Faces Investigation_as_a_Paper_Is_Retracted⠀⇛ The University of Rochester will examine the work of Ranga Dias, who was an author of a materials science paper unrelated to his superconductor research that was retracted on Tuesday. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ LK-99_May_Not_Be_a_Room-Temperature Superconductor,_but_What_if_It_Were?⠀⇛ For a few weeks, we had a taste of what it would be like if people cared about science as much as baseball. # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Shocking_Videos_Show_Snakes_Really_Do Swallow_Their_Own_Tails⠀⇛ Not a pretty sight. # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Termination_Zero:_Our_Predicament_May_Be Totally_Unprecedented⠀⇛ A radical transition could be underway. # ⚓ uni Michigan ☛ A_new_kind_of_brain_organoid_offers possibilities_in_neuroscience_research⠀⇛ University of Michigan researchers published a study detailing a new method for making brain organoids, or miniature lab-grown brains used in neuroscience research, last June. # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Our_Sun_Is_Spitting_Out_More_Powerful_And Erratic_Storms_Than_Expected⠀⇛ And we still have two years until solar maximum. # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ NASA:_July_Was_Hottest_Month_on_Record,_But 2024_Looks_Even_Hotter⠀⇛ This is an emergency. # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Scientists_Recreate_Classic_Pink_Floyd Track_From_The_Brains_of_Listeners⠀⇛ Welcome to the machine. # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ It’s_Official:_This_Red_Blob_Is_One_of_The Earliest_Galaxies_Ever_Seen⠀⇛ Gaze upon the dawn of time. o § Hardware⠀➾ # ⚓ IT Wire ☛ Huawei_revenue_for_1H23_shows_rise_of_3%_as company_recovers⠀⇛ Chinese telecommunications equipment vendor Huawei Technologies has increased its revenue by more than 3% in the first half of 2023, following an 0.8% rise in the first three months, the company says. Huawei is a private company owned by its employees, but releases a short statement about its performance occasionally. # ⚓ IT Wire ☛ New_Aspera_low-budget_smartphone_offers_better security,_NFC⠀⇛ Aspera Mobile managing director Allan Robertson explained, “The AS8 is a highly featured, lower- cost smartphone which is part of our new 2023 range. As with all_Aspera_phones, it is aimed squarely at the budget conscious and those people who want a great smartphone experience, but don’t want to spend hundreds or even thousands of dollars to get one. “It has a high-quality feel, an HD+ display, a great camera and a long-lasting and removable battery. It even comes with a free gel case – all of which make it terrific value at just $149. As such, we believe it is the best value smartphone in the market at that price.” # ⚓ CNX Software ☛ Mini_review_of_GGtag_e-paper_display programmable_through_sound_or_USB_serial⠀⇛ GGtag is a 3.52-inch e-paper display based on the Raspberry Pi RP2040 microcontroller and programmable through sound or USB serial from your web browser, plus it also supports emulation of 125 kHz RFID tags (ASK and FSK). When Radoslav Gerganov contacted me about the upcoming Crowd Supply campaign for the GGtag e-paper badge, I happened to have just discussed using an e-paper display to sell some samples on Facebook Groups where requirements include using the seller’s name and date in the photos. o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾ # ⚓ The Atlantic ☛ ‘Sick_People_Don’t_Exist_to_Show_Healthy People_What’s_Important’⠀⇛ Readers respond to our June 2023 issue. # ⚓ Pro Publica ☛ Why_Doctors_Spend_Millions_on_Fees_That_Could Be_Spent_on_Providing_Care⠀⇛ Imagine if each time your wages were deposited in your bank account, your employer deducted a fee of 1.5% to 5% to provide the money electronically. That, increasingly, is what health insurers are imposing on doctors. Many insurers, after whittling down physicians’ reimbursements, now take an additional cut if the doctor prefers — as almost all do — to receive funds electronically rather than via a paper check. Such fees have become routine in American health care in recent years, according to an investigation by ProPublica published on Monday, and some medical clinics say they’ll seek to pass those costs on to patients. Almost 60% of medical practices said they were compelled to pay fees for electronic payment at least some of the time, according to a 2021 survey. With more than $2 trillion a year of medical claims paid electronically, these fees likely add up to billions of dollars that could be spent on care but instead are going to insurers and middlemen. # ⚓ Helsinki Times ☛ YLE:_All_Finnish_fur_farms_to_be_inspected over_bird_flu_concern⠀⇛ THE FINNISH Food Authority will conduct inspections at all of the roughly 400 fur farms in Finland, according_to_YLE. “The avian influenza is a dangerous disease at fur farms because it can mutate into a disease that can transmit to people. This hasn’t happened yet, but the risk does exist,” Terhi Laaksonen, the director of animal health and welfare at the Finnish Food Authority, stated to the public broadcasting company on Monday. # ⚓ The Kent Stater ☛ Destigmatizing_men’s_mental_health_starts with_us⠀⇛ I remember when I told my mom that I wanted to start seeing a therapist. I was 20 years old, and it marked a new beginning. I was a little bit less afraid to ask for help.  For too long, I thought seeking help for my mental health wasn’t an option. # ⚓ The Atlantic ☛ The_Sriracha_Shortage_Is_a_Very_Bad_Sign⠀⇛ Chili peppers thrive in hot and dry conditions. But even they have their limits. # ⚓ The Atlantic ☛ Don’t_Overthink_Gardening⠀⇛ You don’t need a massive garden and a green thumb. Just put a pit in a pot. # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ First-Ever_Vaccine_Candidate_Against Epstein-Barr_Delivers_Promising_Results⠀⇛ A way to stop its lingering effects? # ⚓ New Yorker ☛ The_Race_to_Save_the_World’s_DNA⠀⇛ A scientific rescue mission aims to analyze every plant, animal, and fungus before it’s too late. # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ The_Unknome:_Researchers_Just_Created_a Database_of_Our_Most_Mysterious_Genes⠀⇛ There’s still so much we don’t know. # ⚓ teleSUR ☛ Childhood_Disability_in_Africa_Between_Poverty and_Discrimination⠀⇛ The problem is exacerbated by the fact that countries measure disability in different ways. While some nations only take into account physical ailments, others include mental health conditions. Thus, the study found that three key factors influence the depth of stigma against children with disabilities: their gender, the type of disability and the degree of dependency. # ⚓ The Atlantic ☛ I_Was_Wrong_About_Trigger_Warnings⠀⇛ Has the national obsession with trauma done real damage to teen girls? # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Indonesia’s_capital_named_world’s_most polluted_city⠀⇛ Jakarta registers unhealthy air pollution levels nearly every day, according to IQAir. # ⚓ New_medication_means_all_infants_should_be_inoculated against_RSV:_study⠀⇛ Not just infants with a history of underlying conditions or who’d been born prematurely but even healthy ones need to be inoculated against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) as part of routine care, according to study in JAMA Network Open. o § Proprietary/Artificial Intelligence (AI)⠀➾ # ⚓ Introducing_Himmelblau:_Seamless_Azure_AD_Authentication for_Linux [Ed: This does not seem like the step in the right direction but like stepping in TPM poo from Microsoft]⠀⇛ Microsoft’s Azure AD (Entra ID) is a popular choice for identity and device management. Until recently, Linux systems lacked a comprehensive solution for integrating seamlessly with these Microsoft services. Enter Himmelblau, a project meant to bridge the gap between Linux and Microsoft’s cloud ecosystem. o § Pseudo-Open Source⠀➾ # § Openwashing⠀➾ # ⚓ LWN ☛ HashiCorp’s_license_change⠀⇛ Readers have been pointing us to HashiCorp’s announcement that it is moving to its own “Business Source License” for some of its (formerly) open-source products. Like other companies (example) that have taken this path, HashiCorp is removing the freedom to use its products commercially in ways that it sees as competitive. This is, in a real sense, an old and tiresome story. The lessons to be drawn from this change are old as well. One is to beware of depending on any platform, free or proprietary, that is controlled by a single company. It is a rare company that will not try to take advantage of that control at some point. # ⚓ Linux_Foundation_Aligns_With_The_UN_Sustainable Development_Goals [Ed: Greenwashing of monopolies with the brand "Linux" for some openwashing too; norice these aren't technical people but marketing people]⠀⇛ # ⚓ Linux Foundation’s Site/Blog ☛ Shaping_the_Future:_A Conversation_with_Jory_Burson_on_the_2023_State_of_Open Standards [Ed: Monopolies-led "Open" Standards]⠀⇛ o § Security⠀➾ # ⚓ Notorious_Downfall_&_Inception_Microcode_Info_Disclosure Vulns_Fixed⠀⇛ Multiple significant microcode security issues have been discovered. An information exposure bug known as Downfall ( CVE-2022-40982 ) has been found in some Intel(R) Processors, as well as a side channel vulnerability in some AMD CPUs known as Inception ( CVE-2023-20569 ) that may allow an attacker to influence the return address prediction, potentially resulting in speculative execution at an attacker-controlled address. # ⚓ Freexian_Collaborators:_Monthly_report_about_Debian_Long Term_Support,_July_2023_(by_Santiago_Ruano_Rincón)⠀⇛ Like each month, have a look at the work funded by Freexian’s_Debian_LTS_offering. # ⚓ BBC ☛ Bank_of_Ireland_glitch_led_to_police_being_sent_to some_ATMs_–_BBC_News⠀⇛ The glitch allowed people with withdraw large sums despite having little or no money in their accounts. # ⚓ Silicon Angle ☛ New_reports_show_phishing_is_on_the_rise_– and_getting_more_sophisticated⠀⇛ Two new reports on phishing trends show a rise in attacks, and they’re taking more complex paths through the internet to connect victims with malware-laced websites. # ⚓ Security Week ☛ Hacker_Forum_Credentials_Found_on_120,000 PCs_Infected_With_Info-Stealer_Malware⠀⇛ Hudson Rock security researchers have identified credentials for hacker forums on roughly 120,000 computers infected with information stealers. # ⚓ Silicon Angle ☛ Discord.io_suffers_data_breach_with 760,000+_users’_info_stolen⠀⇛ Discord.io, a third-party site that allows users to create custom server invites for the instant messaging and voice app Discord Inc., has been taken offline after a data breach led to the exposure of the information of more than 760,000 users. The breach took place Monday night and Discord.io was taken offline shortly thereafter. # ⚓ Niccolò Venerandi ☛ The_Cyber_Resilience_Act._What’s_so_bad about_it⠀⇛ We need to start talking about the Cyber Resilience Act, because according to all major Open Source organizations the CRA is a threat to Free Software itself, and it has been approved by the European Committee that was working on it. This, is going to be a complex story of laws and burocracy, and even though it might seem like Europe accidentally hurted Open Source whilst doing an otherwise great bill… this is very much intentional. # ⚓ Security Week ☛ 2,000_Citrix_NetScaler_Instances_Backdoored via_Recent_Vulnerability⠀⇛ A threat actor has exploited a recent Citrix vulnerability (CVE-2023-3519) to infect roughly 2,000 NetScaler instances with a backdoor. # ⚓ Silicon Angle ☛ Hackers_target_Citrix_NetScaler vulnerabilities_to_gain_persistent_access⠀⇛ A new report released today by Fox-IT, part of NCC Group PLC, has detailed how about 2,000 Citrix NetScalers have been exploited by a threat actor to gain persistent access. Citrix NetScaler is an application delivery controller and load- balancing solution offered by Citrix Systems Inc. # ⚓ Security Week ☛ 1.5_Million_Impacted_by_Ransomware_Attack at_Canadian_Dental_Service⠀⇛ The personal information of 1.5 million individuals was compromised in a ransomware attack at Alberta Dental Service Corporation (ADSC). # ⚓ IT Jungle ☛ MOVEit_Vulnerability_Yields_Another_4_Million Breached_Records [Ed: Windows TCO]⠀⇛ A zero-day security vulnerability in the MOVEit file transfer software discovered in late spring has been wreaking havoc across American companies this summer. The latest victims are people signed up for Colorado’s version of Medicaid, who had their data compromised when cybercriminals used the flaw to access their data in the IBM Cloud. # ⚓ Hacker News ☛ Monti_Ransomware_Returns_with_New_Linux Variant_and_Enhanced_Evasion_Tactics⠀⇛ The Linux variant is also designed to tamper with the motd (aka message of the day) file to display the ransom note, employ AES-256-CTR encryption instead of Salsa20, and solely rely on the file size for its encryption process. # ⚓ LWN ☛ Security_updates_for_Wednesday⠀⇛ Security updates have been issued by Debian (datatables.js and openssl), Fedora (ghostscript, java-11-openjdk, java-latest-openjdk, microcode_ctl, and xen), Red Hat (redhat-ds:11), SUSE (java-1_8_0-openj9, kernel, krb5, pcre2, and perl-HTTP-Tiny), and Ubuntu (gstreamer1.0, mysql- 8.0, tiff, and webkit2gtk). # ⚓ Cleveland_City_Schools_face_ransomware_attack⠀⇛ Cleveland City Schools faced a ransomware attack this week, but it only affected a small number of devices. The school system said they became aware of the issue on Tuesday, August 15. An issue they say is affecting many other school districts as well. […] Sensitive information is secure offsite, and officials do not believe any of this data has been compromised. # ⚓ Ransomware_Diaries:_Volume_3_–_LockBit’s_Secrets⠀⇛ In this volume of the Ransomware Diaries, I will share interesting, previously unknown details of the LockBit ransomware operation that LockBit has tried very hard to cover up. Until now, you have been lied to about LockBit’s true capability. Today, I will show you the actual current state of its criminal program and demonstrate with evidence- backed analysis that LockBit has several critical operational problems, which have gone unnoticed. This time, besides using fake personas, I have spoken directly with the gang and many of its affiliate partners. I also reached out to victims. I learned what happens behind the scenes during the ransom negotiations and the relationships LockBit has with its affiliate partners and competing rival gangs. LockBit has secrets it does not want either party to know. Now, I look forward to sharing them with you! Before I begin, I need to share a significant event that took place as I finalized this report. In August 2023, LockBit’s leadership vanished and was unreachable to fellow gang members, including its affiliate partners, for the first two weeks of August. During that time, several of LockBit’s close associates shared concerns that the gang’s leadership was on the run or dead. Then, on August 13, LockBit reappeared on private channels as if it never happened. Still, during the time LockBit was gone, LockBits data leak site and infrastructure were up, but no one was actively managing it. The question is: why? Fortunately, I have some answers. # ⚓ Hackers_threaten_publishing_sensitive_medical_data_on politicians,_Haredi_leaders⠀⇛ The hacker group that has claimed responsibility for the breach at the Mayanei HaYeshua Medical Center in central Israel earlier this month has issued an ultimatum to the facility, threatening to reveal sensitive medical files that include the prime minister, MKs, senior rabbis, and other known figures in the Haredi word if its demands are not met. According to Israel Hayom sources, the hackers demand tens of millions of shekels. The group claims that it has obtained access to hundreds of thousands of digital files due to the breach, including psychiatric evaluations and various checkups that could reveal private medical conditions among Haredi wheelers and dealers. The concern is that this would become a ‘Haredi WikiLeaks’ that could jolt the community. # ⚓ Hospital_Mergers_Double_the_Risk_of_a_Data_Breach,_Study Shows⠀⇛ The healthcare sector is a prime target for data breaches. According to a summary by the HIPAA Journal, 32% of all data breaches between 2015 and 2022 were in the healthcare sector, “almost double the number recorded in the financial and manufacturing sectors.” Industry analysts cite to many reasons for this, including the sensitivity of health data and its value on the black market compared to other forms of data. Evidently, another driver of data breaches for healthcare entities is M&A activity. # ⚓ Bleeping Computer ☛ LinkedIn_accounts_hacked_in_widespread hijacking_campaign⠀⇛ LinkedIn is being targeted in a wave of account hacks resulting in many accounts being locked out for security reasons or ultimately hijacked by attackers. As reported today by Cyberint, many LinkedIn users have been complaining about the account takeovers or lockouts and an inability to resolve the problems through LinkedIn support. “Some have even been pressured into paying a ransom to regain control or faced with the permanent deletion of their accounts,” reports Cyberint’s researcher Coral Tayar. # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ EFF ☛ The_Industry_Discussion_About_Standards_For Bluetooth-Enabled_Physical_Trackers_is_Finally_Getting Started⠀⇛ Now, there’s finally an industry discussion happening about the best methods of preventing unwanted trackers. The most effective way to prevent physical trackers from being used as stalking devices against most people is through tracking alerts. If a physical tracker is out of range of the phone that it is paired to, and it’s moving with you, you should get an alert about it.  Apple rolled out AirTags with some rudimentary anti-stalking mitigations: a tracking alert that worked for iPhone users and a beep from the AirTag that was worryingly easy to muffle or disable and which did not go off until the AirTag had been out of range of the phone it was paired to for three days. Since then, Apple has improved its mitigations by cutting down the time until the beep goes off and by putting out an Android app that can be used to scan for unwanted AirTags in the vicinity. In the meantime, Tile took one step forward by adding tracker detection to its app, and then one step back by creating an “anti-theft mode” that turned that detection off. As of right now, none of the other physical trackers on the market have any anti-stalking mitigations at all.  Recently, Google announced that it was rolling out Bluetooth tracking detection for Android. The new capability only detects AirTags at the moment, but it’s still a major step forward for people who may be followed by physical trackers. Android users will no longer have to download an app and run a scan to detect unwanted AirTags—it will all happen in the background.   # ⚓ OpenRightsGroup ☛ Fines_Hiked_For_Firms_Employing Illegal_Migrants⠀⇛ The recent announcement by Immigration Minister Robert Jenrick regarding the proposed rules to triple fines for businesses and landlords supposedly supporting illegal migrants has ignited significant concerns, calling for careful reconsideration, as their implications run deep and require immediate attention. # ⚓ Make Use Of ☛ What_Is_a_SoftEther_VPN?_Circumvent Blocked_VPN_Access_With_This_Handy_Tool⠀⇛ As the technological world advances, the need for secure communication grows more crucial by the day. VPNs, or “Virtual Private Networks,” have become pivotal in maintaining online security. However, there are many ways in which network providers and institutions can block a VPN connection. You can circumvent these blocks by setting up your very own VPN over HTTPS with SoftEther. o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾ # ⚓ Director_and_model_taken_into_custody_after_fashion_shoot at_mosque⠀⇛ Director B.K. had shared the photos taken inside and outside the mosque under the title “The Magic of Contrasts.” The Ankara Chief Public Prosecutor’s Office announced that both E.C., the individual photographed at Kocatepe Mosque, and B.K., the director who shared the content, have been taken into custody. # ⚓ RFA ☛ More_than_50_officers_and_family_members_desert Myanmar_military⠀⇛ Observers say morale is low amid gains by the resistance. # ⚓ ADF ☛ Struggling_in_Somalia,_al-Shabaab_Increasingly Targets_Kenya⠀⇛ More than 30 Kenyan security officers were killed by improvised explosive devices (IED) in more than 10 attacks over a three-week period in June. Officials suspect that al-Shabaab was behind the attacks in the northeastern Garissa and Lamu counties, both of which border Somalia. # ⚓ RFA ☛ Residents_say_Christian_churches_attacked_by_junta_in Myanmar’s_Chin_state⠀⇛ ‘They are trying to use their last strategy of causing people direct mental pain,’ said one observer. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ China_military_action_to_US_stopover would_be_election_interference,_Taiwan_V-P_says⠀⇛ Taiwanese officials say China could launch military drills this week. # ⚓ France24 ☛ More_than_one_million_have_fled_Sudan_after_four months_of_war,_UN_says⠀⇛ More than one million people have fled Sudan to neighbouring states and people inside the country are running out of food and dying due to lack of healthcare after four months of war, the United Nations warned on Tuesday. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ South_Korea_leader_Yoon_seeks breakthrough_in_deterring_Kim_Jong_Un_and_North’s_missile threats⠀⇛ August 16, 2023 10:15 AM Yoon is set to meet Kishida, Biden in a landmark summit in the US. o § Environment⠀➾ # ⚓ Axios ☛ July’s_sweltering_heat_likely_to_be_a_record setter⠀⇛ Data: NASA; Chart: Axios Visuals Three temperature tracking centers — NOAA, NASA and Berkeley_Earth, came out with their July_temperature reports Monday. ⚓ New York Times ☛ Heat_Singes_the_Mind,_Not_Just_the_Body⠀⇛ Hot weather can destabilize mood, exacerbate mental health disorders and complicate drug treatment. Climate change itself is a stressor, scientists say. * § Energy/Transportation⠀➾ o ⚓ IT Wire ☛ Volvo_electric_truck_helps_to_take_out_the_Sunshine Coast_waste⠀⇛ Volvo Trucks Australia said in a statement on Tuesday that the truck, given the name Oscar by its own staff, had been fitted with a rear-loading 16 cubic metre waste body suited to urban operations. The trial will run for three months on Queensland’s Sunshine Coast and the results will be scrutinised to look at the use of electric vehicles for such jobs. The 6×2 FE Electric has four second-generation batteries, giving it a capacity of 265KWh and the dual-motor vehicle has a range of 220km. § Finance⠀➾ * ⚓ Latvia ☛ Latvian_central_bank_supports_new_tax_on_banks⠀⇛ The Bank of Latvia supports the Ministry of Finance’s intention to introduce mandatory payment of corporation tax (UIN) advances to banks at 20% of the previous year’s profits, Latvian Television reported on August 14. * ⚓ The Nation ☛ Is_This_a_Form_of_Capitalism_Progressives_Can_Embrace?⠀⇛ Last month, America’s oldest craft brewery, Anchor Brewing Company, announced that it would shut down after 127 years. The news came as a shock; the San Francisco brand is well-known, and bars across the country stock their famous Anchor Steam beer. But a group of former Anchor employees have a plan to save the company: They want to buy it, and restructure it as a worker’s cooperative. * ⚓ Latvia ☛ Latvian_leasing_market_fairly_stagnant,_sectoral_data suggests⠀⇛ Due to the rapid growth of inflation and the significant increase in Euribor rates, the number of leasing contracts concluded in Latvia has been falling, according to leasing sector information gathered by credit history company JSC “Kredītinformacijas Birojs” (KIB). * ⚓ WhichUK ☛ Food_inflation_remains_high_as_some_branded_groceries_soar_by up_to_130%⠀⇛ Which? urges supermarkets to stock budget-range food and drink in convenience stores * § China⠀➾ o ⚓ Quartz ☛ China_halted_the_release_of_data_on_youth_unemployment after_it_hit_a_record_high_in_June⠀⇛ China has_suspended the release of data on youth joblessness, which hit a record high in June, citing a need to examine its method for calculating the key economic indicator. o ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ Online_and_on_Beijing’s_streets,_young Chinese_worry_about_hostile_job_market⠀⇛ China’s government will no longer release youth unemployment statistics, it said Tuesday, but the mood among young people online and on the streets of Beijing left no doubt the situation was dire. Recently, the figure has hit a record every month, with 21.3 percent of young people jobless in June. o ⚓ RFA ☛ China’s_economic_behemoth_stumbles_again⠀⇛ Key July statistics are worse than expected with age- related unemployment announcements nixed. o ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ China_suspends_release_of_youth_jobless_data: What_other_info_is_Beijing_withholding?⠀⇛ A look at some of the datasets that have been restricted recently. o ⚓ New York Times ☛ Country_Garden:_Why_Its_Financial_Crisis_Poses_a Risk_to_China⠀⇛ Country Garden was China’s biggest real estate developer. Now it is staring down default, facing billions of dollars in losses and $200 billion in unpaid bills. o ⚓ Michael West Media ☛ Asia_stocks_fall_as_weak_China_data_weigh⠀⇛ Asia stocks hit a 11-week low on Wednesday as renewed concerns about US interest rates slugged Wall Street, while investors still smarted from dismal Chinese economic data and the absence of meaningful stimulus. o ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ China_stops_releasing_youth_unemployment data_as_economic_figures_disappoint⠀⇛ China stopped publishing data on its rising youth unemployment rate on Tuesday, as it released a raft of disappointing figures that stoked concerns over the state of the world’s second largest economy. Shortly before the latest uninspiring indicators were published, the central bank cut a key interest rate in an effort to boost flagging growth. o ⚓ Quartz ☛ A_weak_yen_is_throwing_a_lifeline_to_Japanese_carmakers struggling_in_China⠀⇛ Japanese carmakers have been struggling mightily in China. Sales are declining, their market share is being whittled away, and the competition has grown cut-throat as Chinese electric_vehicle_upstarts establish dominance where foreign automakers once held sway. * ⚓ Business Today ☛ Layoff_tsunami_2023:_Tech_companies_laid_off_2.26_lakh employees_to_date,_40%_more_than_in_2022⠀⇛ * ⚓ DaemonFC (Ryan Farmer) ☛ The_Quest_to_Get_My_Spouse_a_Bus_Card_Because People_are_Vicious.⠀⇛ Walmart keeps giving him a 5.5 hour shift here and there because of the ongoing national hour cuts, and it’s just not worth going through all of this, ESPECIALLY on one of those days. * ⚓ Has_the_ad_industry_become_over-reliant_on_tech_clients?⠀⇛ Campaign’s question of the week asks industry leaders whether a widespread reduction in spend signals too much reliance on technology clients. * ⚓ Yellow_Freight_Folds,_Hundreds_of_WA_Jobs_Go,_Including_Pasco⠀⇛ the company ,which was founded 99 years ago, had been in financial trouble for a number of months. § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾ * ⚓ IT Wire ☛ Musk’s_X_delays_links_from_rivals_loading,_then_backtracks⠀⇛ The claim was first made by a user, who uses the handle xslowzone, on the Hacker News forum early on Tuesday. The user wrote: “Go to Twitter and click on a link going to any url on ‘NYTimes.com’ or ‘threads.net’ and you’ll see about a ~5 second delay before t.co forwards you to the right address. “Twitter won’t ban domains they don’t like, but will waste your time if you visit them. I’ve been tracking the NYT delay ever since it was added (8/4 [August 4], roughly noon Pacific time), and the delay is so consistent it’s obviously deliberate.” * ⚓ Atlantic Council ☛ How_to_put_out_the_fires_of_violent_political extremism⠀⇛ The danger posed by domestic violent extremists is considerable. The United States needs a nationwide, community- grounded initiative to address this threat. * ⚓ Democracy Now ☛ Black_Voters_Matter_Co-Founder:_Trump’s_Georgia Indictment_Is_“Step_Forward”_in_Defending_Democracy⠀⇛ We’re joined in Atlanta by LaTosha Brown, co-founder of the Black Voters Matter Fund, to discuss Donald Trump’s latest criminal indictment. Fulton County District Attorney Fani Willis is charging Trump and more than a dozen of his allies with plotting to steal Electoral College votes during the 2020 presidential election. “There was an attempt to disenfranchise voters in the state of Georgia,” says Brown, who also describes Trump’s targeting of poll workers Ruby Freeman and Shaye Moss and how Georgia’s status as one of five states where the governor cannot grant pardons will affect the upcoming trial. “If he is convicted in the state, he is going to jail.” § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾ * ⚓ Reason ☛ Journal_of_Free_Speech_Law:_“Freedom_of_Speech_and_AI_Output,” by_Profs._Mark_Lemley_and_Peter_Henderson_and_Me⠀⇛ Just published, closing out our symposium on Artificial Intelligence and Speech. * ⚓ The Atlantic ☛ The_First_Amendment_Is_No_Defense_for_Trump’s_Alleged Crimes⠀⇛ The prosecution of Trump for his attempt to overthrow the 2020 election does not threaten freedom of speech, not even a little bit. * ⚓ NYPost ☛ Joe_Rogan_bashes_‘creepy’_teachers_pushing_gender_ideology with_‘cartoon_pornography’⠀⇛ “Those adults are with your children more than you are during the day,” Rogan said to his guest, comedian Tim Dillon, about teachers. “They’re there for hours and hours with the undivided attention of your kids and some of them are f—ing loons.” * ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Elon_Musk,_Once_Again,_Tries_To_Throttle_Links_To_Sites_He Dislikes⠀⇛ Elon Musk’s commitment to free speech and the free exchange of ideas has always been been a joke. Despite his repeated claims to being a “free speech absolutist,” and promising that his critics and rivals alike would be encouraged to remain on exTwitter, he has consistently shown that he has a ridiculously thin skin, and a quick trigger response to try to remove, suppress, or silence those he dislikes. * ⚓ Silicon Angle ☛ Elon_Musk_accused_of_throttling_links_to_competing_apps and_news_sites⠀⇛ X Corp., formerly known as Twitter Inc., reportedly throttled links to websites and applications for which X owner Elon Musk has a particular distaste. The issue has now been resolved, but for a while, when an X user clicked on a link to Meta Platforms Inc.-owned Threads, Facebook or Instagram, there was a five- second delay. * ⚓ Techdirt ☛ Biden_Administration’s_Supreme_Court_Filing_Over_Social Media_Laws_Is_Mostly_Good,_But_Partly_Bad⠀⇛ This one will take a bit of background to explain where things stand. As you likely know, two years ago first Florida and then Texas each signed laws that would restrict social media companies and how they moderate content on their platforms. Both laws were quickly challenged by two trade associations for internet companies: NetChoice and CCIA. The lower courts in both states ruled against the laws, saying they were clearly unconstitutional. * ⚓ New York Times ☛ Special_Counsel_Used_Warrant_to_Get_Trump’s_Twitter Direct_Messages⠀⇛ The nature of the messages or who exactly wrote them remained unclear, but it was a revelation that such messages were associated with the former president’s account. * ⚓ Axios ☛ X_shuts_down_$100M_promoted_accounts_ad_biz⠀⇛ X, the company formerly_known_as_Twitter, will no longer allow advertisers to promote their accounts within the platform’s timeline to attract new followers, according to an email to advertising clients obtained by Axios. Why it matters: Promoted accounts — or “Follower Objective” ads — generate more than $100 million annually in global revenue for X, a source familiar with the company’s business told Axios. * ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Man_arrested_by_Malaysian_police_for_insulting_King on_Facebook⠀⇛ August 16, 2023 9:40 AM The man has been remanded for four days till Aug 18. * ⚓ Reason ☛ Plaintiff_Professor’s_Losing_Libel_Lawsuit_May_Lead_to_His Former_Lawyers_Foreclosing_on_His_Home⠀⇛ (Part of the fees also stemmed from defending against Ohio State’s investigating his alleged research misconduct.) * ⚓ Defence Web ☛ Internet_shutdowns:_here’s_how_governments_do_it⠀⇛ Senegal’s government has shut down internet access in response to protests about the sentencing of opposition leader Ousmane Sonko. This is a tactic governments are increasingly using during times of political contention, such as elections or social upheaval. The shutdowns can be partial or total, temporary or prolonged. § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾ * ⚓ Axios ☛ NYT_union_staffers_brief_WaPo_union_as_it_considers_a_walkout⠀⇛ Members of the New York Times’ union on Monday evening briefed several dozen staffers from The Washington Post union about best practices they learned from The Times’ union’s walkout last December, three sources familiar with the meeting told Axios. * ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ Discrimination_Took_a_Heavy_Toll_on_Asian_American Students_During_The Pandemic⠀⇛ Students talking in library with books. Photo from Pexels by Yan Krukau on June 3, 2021. By Roxanne Prichard / The Conversation The big idea Experiencing discrimination significantly harmed the wel… * ⚓ RFA ☛ Rights_groups_call_for_release_of_Chinese_lawyer_who’s_been missing_for_6_years⠀⇛ The long silence on Gao Zhisheng highlights the enforced ‘disappearance’ to target critics of Beijing * ⚓ RFA ☛ Hong_Kong_graft_body_probes_medical_center_linked_to_tear-gassed university_chief⠀⇛ ‘Uncle Tuan proved himself to be a useless and cowardly person’ * ⚓ New York Times ☛ First_Solar_Finds_That_Forced_Labor_Was_Used_in_Its Malaysian_Ops⠀⇛ The company, First Solar, said an independent review had found that subcontractors used unethical recruitment tactics and withheld pay from workers. * ⚓ France24 ☛ North_Korea_confirms_detention_of_American_soldier_Travis King⠀⇛ North Korea asserted Wednesday that a U.S. soldier who bolted into the North across the heavily armed Korean border last month did so after being disillusioned with the inequality of American society and racial discrimination in its Army. * ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ North_Korea_says_soldier_Travis_King_wants_refuge from_mistreatment,_racism_in_US⠀⇛ August 16, 2023 6:20 AM It is the first public acknowledgement of the incident by Pyongyang. * ⚓ New York Times ☛ North_Korea_Confirms_Detention_of_Travis_King,_U.S. Soldier⠀⇛ The statement was the first public acknowledgment by the country that it has the soldier, Pvt. Travis King, in its custody. * ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ Travis_King:_Who_is_the_US_soldier_who_crossed_into North_Korea?⠀⇛ Travis King’s motivation and exact location remain unconfirmed. * ⚓ Government_offers_14+9_percent_pay_rise_to_civil_servants⠀⇛ Ali Yalçın, the President of Memur-Sen confederation, stated, “It is not possible for us to endorse the received proposal, our recommendation is for the proposal to be revised,” while Şükran Kablan, the Co-Chairperson of KESK, announced that they will go on strike on August 16. § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾ * ⚓ APNIC ☛ Peering_LAN_2.0_—_Introduction_of_EVPN_at_DE-CIX⠀⇛ Guest Post: Upgrading a large network to EVPN without disruption. * ⚓ APNIC ☛ Event_Wrap:_APIGA_2023⠀⇛ APNIC actively participated at APIGA 2023, held in Seoul, South Korea from 24 to 28 July 2023. § Monopolies⠀➾ * § Patents⠀➾ o ⚓ JUVE ☛ EPO_revokes_Novartis’s_everolimus_patent_in_major_victory for_generics_companies⠀⇛ EP 3 351 246 protects the use of everolimus (a rapamycin derivative) in combination with an aromatase inhibitor. It forms the basis of Novartis’s drug Afinitor, a treatment for breast cancer. The EPO granted the patent in spring 2019. Shortly afterwards, Stada filed the first opposition, with other opponents joining the suit. o ⚓ Unified Patents ☛ $2,000_for_Avant_Location_Tech_monitoring patent_prior_art⠀⇛ A new PATROLL contest, with a $2,000 cash prize, was added seeking prior art on at least claim 1 of U.S. Patent_9,485,621, owned by Avant Location Technologies, LLC, an NPE and entity of Anjay_Venture_Partners_LLC. o ⚓ Unified Patents ☛ $2,000_for_WristDocs_biotelemetry_patent_prior art⠀⇛ A new PATROLL contest, with a $2,000 cash prize, was added seeking prior art on at least claim 1 of U.S. Patent_9,392,970, owned by WristDocs LLC, an NPE. The ‘970 patent provides a portable, disposable biotelemetry system, including one or more sensors, capable of being mounted on one or more extremities, particularly the wrist. The invention provides a biotelemetry system for disposition on the wrist. The device of the invention may be portable, untethered and in some instances, disposable. o ⚓ Unified Patents ☛ $2,000_for_Jeffrey_M._Gross_entity,_GeoSymm Ventures,_automated_assistance_patent_prior_art⠀⇛ A new PATROLL contest, with a $2,000 cash prize, was added seeking prior art on at least claim 1 of U.S. Patent_9,130,900, owned by GeoSymm Ventures LLC, an NPE and entity of Jeffrey M. Gross. o ⚓ Dennis Crouch/Patently-O ☛ New_Amendment_to_FRCP_Could_Help Streamline_Privilege_Management_in_Patent_Cases⠀⇛ On August 15, 2023, the Judicial Conference Advisory Committee on Civil Rules published proposed amendments to Rules 16 and 26 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. One of the goals of these amendments is to encourage parties to address issues relating to claims of privilege and work product protection early in litigation. This could be particularly impactful for patent cases, which frequently involve extensive disputes over these very issues.  The proposal would also retitle Rule 16(b) to include both scheduling and case management (the current version just focuses on scheduling). Rule 26(b)(5)(A) focuses on the the procedure for “claiming privilege” as an reason for refusing to comply with an otherwise valid discovery request or disclosure requirement.  * § Trademarks⠀➾ o ⚓ TTAB Blog ☛ TTAB_Rules_That_PARKING.COM_Is_Generic_and_Ineligible for_Both_the_Principal_and_the_Supplemental_Register⠀⇛ In a whopping 82-page opinion, the Board affirmed the USPTO’s refusal to register PARKING.COM, on either the Principal Register or the Supplemental Register, as a service mark for “website providing information regarding parking availability.” The Board first found the term to be generic for the services, and then, in the alternative, found it to be merely descriptive and lacking in secondary meaning. In_re_SP_Plus_Corporation, Serial No. 87906630 (August 11, 2023) [not precedential] (Opinion by Judge Elizabeth A. Dunn). * § Copyrights⠀➾ o ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ Sony_Music_vs._Triller_Copyright Infringement_Battle_Officially_Settled,_Court_Documents_Reveal⠀⇛ Sony Music and Triller have officially agreed to conclude their copyright infringement battle concerning Triller’s use of Sony’s music on the platform. Sony Music Entertainment and short-form video platform Triller have agreed to settle their copyright infringement legal battle concerning Triller’s unauthorized use of Sony’s music on the platform. o ⚓ KOL415:_Commentary_on_Larken_Rose,_“IP:_The_Wrong_Question”:_Part 1⠀⇛ Last year Larken Rose and I appeared on Patrick Smith’s Disenthrall show, (( See KOL389 | Disenthrall, with Patrick Smith and Larken Rose: The Morality of Copyright “Piracy”. o ⚓ Techdirt ☛ One_Fan_Ports_Abandoned_PS1_Classic_‘WipeOut’,_Dares Sony_To_Do_Something_About_It⠀⇛ More and more, as the video game industry matures, we find ourselves talking about game preservation and the disappearing culture of some older games as the original publishers abandon them. Often times leaving the public with no actual legit method for purchasing these old games, copyright law conspires with the situation to also prevent the public itself from clawing back its half of the copyright bargain. The end results are studios and publishers that have enjoyed the fruits of copyright law for a period of time, only for that cultural output to be withheld from the public later on. By any plain reading of American copyright law, that outcome shouldn’t be acceptable. o ⚓ Ruben Schade ☛ Paul_Simon_parodying_Bob_Dylan⠀⇛ It’s Music Monday time! Wait, today is Tuesday. It’s a belated Music Monday, the series where I post about much each Monday. Unless it’s a Tuesday. It’s still Monday on the other side of the date line, right? o ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ Timbaland_&_Magoo_Rapper_Melvin_‘Magoo’ Barcliff_Dies_at_50—Cause_of_Death_Unknown⠀⇛ Rapper Melvin ‘Magoo’ Barcliff has passed away at age 50. The cause of death is unknown at this time. The wife of the rapper Meco Barcliff told The New York Times that the rapper had not been feeling well for about a week. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 6531 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.16.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Gemini_Links_17/08/2023:_Old_Phone_Morning_Project⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 6:47 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * Gemini*_and_Gopher o Personal/Opinions o Recreation o Photography o Technology_and_Free_Software # Internet/Gemini * § Gemini* and Gopher⠀➾ o § Personal/Opinions⠀➾ # ⚓ Re:_I_Want_to_Wear_a_Dress⠀⇛ I have been thinking hard about getting one for a year already, but until now my black corduroy flare pants will have to do instead. # ⚓ Re:_Guys_in_dresses,_skirts⠀⇛ To be honest, I agree! I’d wear a skirt (but not a dress) in the summer for sure. There are ways for a man to ditch the shorts and wear a skirt, but if you don’t want to make too strong a statement the garment’s cut will have to be different. I have a sulu from Fiji that I like to wear some times, but not often in public. The sulu evolved from the traditional grass skirts that Fijian men wore pre- British colonization, and it doesn’t really look too “””feminine”””. It’s very straight, and it’s more like wrapping a towel around your lower body and securing it with a belt than a ‘normal’ skirt. # ⚓ Dresses,_Kilts_and_more⠀⇛ Kilts have been mentioned as well, and while I’m totally all for kilts and have considered getting a few, I think that’s missing the point. The original topic was dresses. As in the totally feminine, not at all masculine all in one piece ensembles associated with Disney princesses. Kilts are not that. I associate the Kilt (with a capital K) with Scotsman carrying two handed swords into battle, or at the very least tossing small telephone poles across a field to prove their masculinity. I’m not trans. I’m a pretty masculine guy in appearance. That said, I’ve never been conventional. I have no problem with defying gender stereotypes and totally support anyone else doing the same. # ⚓ Red_Lentils⠀⇛ Greetings, comrades, to another episode of food science: the boring stuff. Herein we explore water, red lentils, and salt. The base is 100g of red lentils, which is about half a cup, good for a portion of a meal, and pretty easy to weigh the salt against: 1% salt is 1 gram of salt, 2% is 2 grams, etc. # ⚓ Some_corrections⠀⇛ A good friend has informed me that my gopher post “re:…the maxim of Arkham (luxferre)”[1] didn’t quite make sense in several ways. I’ve thought on what he said for a few days, and I’d like to revisit a few points. I’m doing this here rather than in our personal correspondence, because my initial comments were public and I don’t wish for them to be misconstrued by anyone who may have read them; and, because the subject is interesting to me and I’d like to keep it open. # ⚓ Strange_phone_call⠀⇛ Got a strange phone call this morning. It was a man claiming to be the father of a friend. I haven’t seen this friend for a couple weeks. The man said that he had been talking to my friend this morning, and that my friend was suicidal. I told him I would check into it, and hung up. I texted and left a voicemail for my friend, texted a few of his family members that I know, and even talked to the folks at 988. o § Recreation⠀➾ # ⚓ running_marston_flashes⠀⇛ i am again consistently completing short runs in the 3 to 5 km range. there are two flashes close to where i stay when in marston. quite flat and in nature with link paths to marbury country park and the trent and mersey canal. # ⚓ Garage_Decluttering,_Take_2⠀⇛ Something is living in my garage. I think it’s a rabbit. That’s small comfort: the poop is round, and small. I’m very familiar with what rabbit poop looks like, because the critters are often in my backyard, in my vegetable garden, or hanging around the bushes out front. And I say “I think” because they’re smaller and harder than normal, not the bigger pellets I usually see outside. So maybe it’s not? But it’s not the shape you get with a mouse or a vole, either. o § Photography⠀➾ # ⚓ Resin_Birch?_(publ._2023-08-16)⠀⇛ I have been wondering about a tree/shrub which I had previously classified as a “mystery tree” (see my August 2 2023 post). [...] Reading in “Alaska Trees and Shrubs” (2nd ed., Viereck et al), it appears to be a “Resin Birch” (betula glandulosa Michx.). I thought paper birch was the only birch found in interior Alaska, but apparently resin birch is quite common throughout most of Alaska. I had little trouble finding more of this plant, once I knew what I was looking for. It tends to be found on moist ground, however, so one must look near ponds or places where water- runoff tends to collect. # ⚓ Sad_Hill_Cemetery,_Santo_Domingo_de_Silos,_Burgos⠀⇛ o § Technology and Free Software⠀➾ # ⚓ Thinking_about_moving_on⠀⇛ I am now 7 years in my current job (Head of IT in a small company), a job that i really liked for the most time, but in recent months there are creeping ever more thoughts in my mind that it is turning sour. So, i am currently evaluation my options in which way to move on. # ⚓ Old_phone_morning_project⠀⇛ We’ve had a family mobile plan with Verizon for a number of years now. The service wasn’t bad, but the price kept creeping up no matter what we did. It always amazes me how companies these days are so willing to punish their long time customers with higher rates while offering a much better package if you should “switch” from another service. Seems like a really backwards way of doing business to me. Anyway, due to my SO being a first responder we qualified for an AT&T special plan that will prioritize her phone if the lines are crowded. The best part is that it’s a pretty good savings, and not just an introductory rate. We should be able to save money for years to come, so we switched. One of the annoying things about the switch is that we were unable to carry our current phones over due to being carrier locked. I’ve always hated this practice. It’s a totally non-subtle way of locking you into your current carrier. Well, FU Verizon, because even after putting four new phones on a payment plan we’re still saving $50 a month. But I hate to see the old hardware, which still has plenty of life left in it, just sitting in a drawer. Her phone, and my daughter’s, were new enough to trade in. That leaves mine and my son’s. I’ll be trying to think of something cool to do with his, but this morning I put mine to use with a nice simple project. # § Internet/Gemini⠀➾ # ⚓ Failed_attempt_at_free_multilingual_TTS_by_abusing IPA⠀⇛ My recent job have been developing a very fast TTS system for our internal use. I can’t share too many details about it because NDA. But I do want to share some findings while messing with our system. – My boss is ok with me sharing these findings. We are looking to open source it soon anyway. It’s not a breakthrough or anything. Just well engineered and fast – To make our model perform better, our system first converts the input text into the International Phonetic Alphabet. That is then fed into the speech synthesis model. Me with some basic phonetics training thought to myself, IPA is supposed to be universal. Can I, in principle, train a model in English. Then force it to speak Esperanto by feeding it the corresponding IPA? More far fetch, can I make it speak Japanese or Chinese? Kinda. But not really. The International Phonetic Alphabet is a writing system that allows us to write down the sounds of human languages. It’s not a language itself. It records the sound of the spoken language itself. For example, the sentence “I would just like to interject for a moment” first get converts into `aɪ wʊd dʒˈʌst lˈaɪk tʊ ˌɪntɚdʒˈɛkt fɚɹə mˈoʊmənt`. The IPA letters look weird. But if you squint hard enough, you can almost see how it spells out the pronunciation. =============================================================================== * Gemini_(Primer) links can be opened using Gemini_software. It’s like the World Wide Web but a lot lighter. ╘══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╛ ¶ Lines in total: 6819 ➮ Generation completed at 02:44, i.e. 151 seconds to (re)generate ⟲