𝕿𝖊𝖈𝖍𝖗𝖎𝖌𝖍𝖙𝖘 Bulletin for Sunday, August 20, 2023 ┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅ Generated Mon 21 Aug 02:42:57 BST 2023 Created by Dr. Roy Schestowitz (𝚛𝚘𝚢 (at) 𝚜𝚌𝚑𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚘𝚠𝚒𝚝𝚣 (dot) 𝚌𝚘𝚖) Full hyperlinks for navigation omitted but are fully available in the originals The corresponding HTML versions are at 𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈 Latest in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕 and older bulletins can be found at 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒕𝒙𝒕-𝒂𝒓𝒄𝒉𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒔 Full IPFS index in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔 and as plain text in 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒑://𝒕𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔.𝒐𝒓𝒈/𝒊𝒑𝒇𝒔/𝒕𝒙𝒕 Gemini index for the day: gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2023/08/20/ ╒═══════════════════ 𝐑𝐄𝐂𝐄𝐍𝐓 𝐁𝐔𝐋𝐋𝐄𝐓𝐈𝐍𝐒 ════════════════════════════════════╕ Previous bulletins in IPFS (past 21 days, in chronological order): QmWef8vtcFeiv9B2BmB2WtBwMqLq2kDfzWm5aQkKdgkCHW QmSERS83Ghpc2tvtjtSx1QuX63sSxDgJ4UDR3Xx4DCBamw QmUE5jyXyq8QeUTZvMZG2nE2AuQzLwVopuJsLSXE8fWgpy Qmf3QVyPA8xsQqXgQeE5Tw2LE7vuKa1Y9spx36dsNNUSsB QmTcZH4zeE6SzC8S3Sqgx1X7NFfYGP2vprisQByQEW5nbx QmeHyPcfAoVduU1xVyTC25qhvMBYeDVfT7bjjzZhGC7E3k QmfXKhYcGYHZGufpdVU71ZTTo1cCovxR9GpF1HuxR4f1VH QmdoTZo8Mevtx6RZCctMfwQ2Y4ffZS4ZQ6SjUZEWNm5pRa QmZ8HUFLDLxvBHLKutyBuQ6a4TTR6hb3ZAFg3gf5MsGv4Z QmdW1PZqQK5LjoM41V2gKL2KqnHaEqwHdd4G1YYxa7JTEz QmYYePurSm8yAKEwRv17i1k4Q7ju7m4SQByFQcLC8HtY7x QmaRubG8aC9J2F4D9dmkGvjTspm5HdnsTMqDuVHGcPc8k5 QmQRTBqrhT8MUXdVEwJShtA9dbvEtZNFjWkf2QjuuactPS QmRvPmuQj51W76zvbu8EJVsufNdff2k6sLwDW4kU1Umw72 QmVsL5SjB4i4sLymC3HBZkhwBhNY5MXy27LZs9QBCDgtZo QmNdfSVvGLKtGutRooKPbAq57B9AZoPeYGGSjhD1a2fVET QmZnEb1NMj8vNm5EXH9jb8unPV3bTrZKvHcvsEczvMfMYS QmPrM5Hu5PNR7zjUmtsvqm8xkZsrE96qx4CaEuQrKFfjFd QmfR8XxBEMVs1Mue6wS1NKXYG8optDVxN7EFcGCzvD1Q9z QmbqCQ6R4NusTRm9E3YjVzj9c1FxCfEvrfqShjAZLaCyQS QmeZFBVX9fk1V5VBuSsZpDpx2dnJBatXxASzUtAm4wrZ26 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐈𝐍𝐃𝐄𝐗 ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⦿ Techrights is Doing Far Better Than a Code of Conduct | Techrights ⦿ [Meme] You Cannot Nourish Yourself With Cocaine, DrAxe Matt | Techrights ⦿ IRC Proceedings: Friday, August 18, 2023 | Techrights ⦿ IRC Proceedings: Saturday, August 19, 2023 | Techrights ⦿ RIP, Reddit | Techrights ⦿ The ’Influencer’ Era is Over, Embrace Alternatives to Social Control Media and the Web | Techrights ⦿ Rianne Schestowitz: Matthew J. Garrett Shifting From ’Adopt a Code of Conduct’ to ‘Gas the Jews’ | Techrights ䷼ Bulletin articles (as HTML) to comment on (requires login): http://techrights.org/2023/08/20/better-than-code-of-conduct/#comments http://techrights.org/2023/08/20/cocaine-matt/#comments http://techrights.org/2023/08/20/irc-log-180823/#comments http://techrights.org/2023/08/20/irc-log-190823/#comments http://techrights.org/2023/08/20/rip-reddit/#comments http://techrights.org/2023/08/20/self-host-and-prosper/#comments http://techrights.org/2023/08/20/third-guest-blog-post-by-rianne/#comments ䷞ Followed by Daily Links (assorted news picks curated and categorised): http://techrights.org/2023/08/20/ethernet-switch-based-on-milk-v/#comments http://techrights.org/2023/08/20/gemini-clients-via-socks/#comments http://techrights.org/2023/08/20/letting-go-of-computers/#comments http://techrights.org/2023/08/20/linux-6-5-rc7/#comments ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 68 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2023/08/20/better-than-code-of-conduct/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2023/08/20/better-than-code-of-conduct/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.20.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Techrights_is_Doing_Far_Better_Than_a_Code_of_Conduct⠀✐ Posted in Site_News at 5:13 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Video_download_link | md5sum f43c4a9000e9f6df6b14bb2d6bd070c5 Abuse and Criminal Activities Against Us Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivative Works 4.0 http://techrights.org/videos/series-about-online-abuse-and-defamation.webm Summary: The Web site and Gemini_capsule of Techrights published over_400_blog posts/gemposts_last_month; this month we maintain the momentum and expect to write more about criminal activities we’ve been subjected to THIS month started very well for us. Gemini traffic is reaching new (all-time) highs, the IRC network is being brought back under control (after endless violations* and illegal activities there by Matthew_J_Garrett, the Coke_Fly doing bios). We’ve plenty of other good news in extracurricular contexts. “This past month we’ve published many posts from half a dozen or so contributors.”The goal here in Techrights is to focus on technical and moral issues, not to feed trolls and thugs. Where laws are broken (unlawful activities), it’s the job of the police to step in as enforcer (whether it does this or not is an entirely separate matter). This past month we’ve published many posts from half a dozen or so contributors. Techrights isn’t just publishing more; it is publishing for more voices. That’s very important. The video above covers some more angles; having just returned home, I can gladly share the news that I purchased a new microphone, hoping it will enhance voice quality and clarity. █ ____ * This happened just half an hours ago: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Vulgar_Matthew_J_Garrett_trolling⦈_ Does this seem like the mind of a healthy person? Or the deeply sick and barely-functional brain of a man-child overdosing on crack-cocaine? ⣿⣿⢻⣗⠿⠿⢿⠿⡿⡿⠓⣚⠛⣿⠿⠿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣟⡷⡿⣿⣿⠿⡟⡶⡷⣿⢿⠻⠿⠿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⢻⡗⠷⠶⠻⠳⠾⢷⠚⠲⠾⠿⠶⠶⢷⠾⠾⢷⠿⠞⠲⠿⠟⣾⢶⠾⡖⠛⠷⠶⠶⠷⠷⡷⠿⡿⠟⠿⠛⡟⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⢿⢿⡿⢿⢿⢿⠿⢿⠻⠟⠿⠿⠟⡿⠻⠿⠿⠻⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⢿⣿⠶⠶⡶⠾⢦⠼⢶⢶⡶⡶⠶⢶⠾⠶⠶⡾⠾⢷⠷⠶⠶⠾⣷⣴⡷⡶⠶⡷⠶⠶⠶⠿⠶⢶⠾⠷⣦⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣷⣷⣶⣷⣶⣿⣾⣾⣷⣶⣾⣴⣶⣷⣶⣶⣷⣶⣷⣷⣶⣾⣧⣾⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⢿⡿⠶⡶⡿⣶⢷⣷⢾⠾⡷⡶⡾⡾⣶⣶⣶⢷⢶⡾⢿⡾⢷⣶⡧⣷⠿⣶⣾⣾⢷⣶⣤⣶⣶⢾⢶⡾⡿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⠿⢿⢿⠿⡿⢿⢿⢿⢿⣿⡿⢿⡿⡿⢿⢿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⢿⡯⣦⣦⣿⣶⡵⣷⣾⣽⣿⣦⣦⡷⣷⡾⡶⣴⣽⡷⣮⠮⣮⣿⣮⣴⣴⣶⣴⣤⡷⣴⣶⣶⣼⣼⡶⠯⣾⣷⣷⡯⣶⣾⣿⣧⣦⠾⠿⣼⢴⣵⣴⢼⣿⣵⣶⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⢴⣽⣧⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⢾⣷⣤⣥⣤⣦⣤⣼⣤⣷⣥⣤⣤⣦⢬⣤⣤⣤⣬⣧⣶⡤⣶⣤⣦⣦⣭⣬⣤⣤⣤⣤⣬⣦⣤⡤⣤⣤⣦⣤⣥⣦⣭⣦⣬⣤⣿⣤⣦⣬⣤⣮⣿⣤⣥⣬⣷⣵⣼⣧⣮⣿⣼⣥⣤⣽⣴⣤⣤⣿⣥⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣾⣯⣤⣤⣷⣤⣤⣦⣼⣭⣧⣤⣤⣼⣤⣤⣤⣧⣤⣼⣶⣴⣧⣴⣴⣤⣤⣤⣶⣦⣥⣤⣲⣅⣊⣥⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣾⣿⣤⣥⣷⣬⣮⣮⣼⣾⣷⣥⣥⣧⣤⣴⣭⣬⣾⣯⣏⣥⣴⣽⣤⣴⣼⣾⣺⣧⣧⣥⣮⣤⣾⣥⣦⣧⣮⣦⣴⣯⣴⣦⣷⣷⣷⣄⣠⣦⣧⣟⣭⣧⣬⣼⣼⣼⣦⣤⣤⣤⣴⣥⣤⣼⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 138 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2023/08/20/cocaine-matt/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2023/08/20/cocaine-matt/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.20.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ [Meme]_You_Cannot_Nourish_Yourself_With_Cocaine,_DrAxe_Matt⠀✐ Posted in Free/Libre_Software, Humour at 8:03 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇MJG_doing_fine_in_the_forest,_catching_some_dinner,_deep inside_running_water⦈_ Summary: Matthew "gas_the_Jews" Garrett (defamation_bill_with_endless sockpuppets, the Coke_Fly doing bios) has gone way too far; now on the verge of homelessness and constantly on very hard drugs, his online abuses and crimes merit immediate action ⠀⠀⠀⠀⡔⠒⠒⠢⡤⠒⠒⢢⠒⢲⠒⢢⠒⢢⠔⠒⠂⡀⢠⠒⠒⠒⠒⢢⠒⠔⠒⡔⠒⠒⡄⠀⠒⡔⠒⡔⠒⡄⡔⠒⠛⢲⠒⠒⠒⡛⠛⠛⡻⣿⠛⠛⠻⠛⠛⠻⡟⠛⠛⢻⠛⠓⢢⠔⠒⠂⡔⠒⠒⢢⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⡇⠀⡇⠀⠀⢸⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠠⠤⠄⢸⠀⠘⠃⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠛⡀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⡇⠙⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠘⡅⢹⠀⠘⠇⠀⡇⠀⡇⠀⠂⢨⠀⠐⢻⡀⠐⠠⡛⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠇⠀⡇⠀⠀⢸⠀⢸⠀⢀⠀⢸⠀⠰⠀⠀⢸⠀⢰⠂⠀⢸⠀⡄⠀⡇⠀⠶⡀⠀⠀⡇⠀⡀⠀⡇⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠰⢄⢸⠀⢰⠇⠀⠇⠀⡇⠀⡆⠈⠀⠰⠾⠉⠠⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠑⠲⠖⠊⠑⠒⠒⠊⠒⠚⣶⢺⣶⣎⣐⣒⣒⣂⠈⠒⠊⠀⠒⠚⠒⠑⠒⠓⠒⠒⠁⠐⠒⠓⠒⠓⠒⠁⠀⠒⠒⠈⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠂⠘⠒⠂⠈⠒⠒⠊⠓⠒⠓⠒⠒⠒⠒⠑⠒⠒⠁⠐⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣶⣼⣿⣶⣶⣤⣤⣀⣀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣶⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⣀⣤⣄⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣀⠀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣬⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣀⣄⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣦⣼⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⣟⣿⣿⡿⢿⠿⣿⠛⡿⡟⣛⣻⣿⣟⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣟⣛⣛⣛⣛⣻⣻⣟⣛⣛⣿⠛⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣄⡉⠓⠛⠛⠛⢛⣛⡛⠿⠿⠿⠭⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄⡐⠠⢌⡁⠀⠉⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠛⢛⠟⠛⠋⠀⠀⣀⣈⣭⣟⣻ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣤⣤⣄⣀⣀⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⡉ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣴⣖⣀⣀⠔⠈⠁ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡉⠁⡀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠉⠉⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣄⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣄⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠙⠛⠿⠿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⢀⢀⢠⢴⠆⢄⡄⠒⡖⠒⡎⠉⠙⠉⢽⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠅⠀⠺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠉⠉⠉⠄⢠⠀⠨⠀⠈⠀⠀⠈⠀⠈⡗⠀⢁⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣹⣤⣤⣤⣦⣦⣶⢶⢶⠶⠾⠓⠛⡛⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣈⣀⣠⣰⣼⣤⣴⣤⢴⠶⠶⠶⡷⢿⡟⠛⡟⠛⡏⠋⡍⠋⡍⡅⠃⡁⠄⣷⠀⠀⠸⠀⢠⢸⠀⠄⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠉⠉⠩⠉⢹⡇⠁⠁⠁⠐⠆⠇⠀⠃⠹⡇⠀⢁⠀⡀⣀⣃⣄⣃⣥⣦⣧⣤⣽⣶⣶⣶⣾⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠛⠻⠀⢀⣀⣂⣈⣀⠟⠣⠤⠤⠴⠤⠖⠖⠒⠓⠊⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⠉⠙⠛⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠍⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠩⠭⣭⣭⣭⠉ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⣁⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣐⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠐⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣶⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 197 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2023/08/20/irc-log-180823/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2023/08/20/irc-log-180823/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.20.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ IRC_Proceedings:_Friday,_August_18,_2023⠀✐ Posted in IRC_Logs at 12:15 am by Needs Sunlight Also available via the Gemini protocol at: * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-techrights-180823.gmi * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-180823.gmi * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-social-180823.gmi * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-techbytes-180823.gmi Over HTTP: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇H 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇HTML5_logs⦈_ #techrights_log_as_HTML5 #boycottnovell_log_as_HTML5 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇H 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇HTML5_logs⦈_ #boycottnovell-social_log_as_HTML5 #techbytes_log_as_HTML5 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇t 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇text_logs⦈_ #techrights_log_as_text #boycottnovell_log_as_text 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇t 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇text_logs⦈_ #boycottnovell-social_log_as_text #techbytes_log_as_text Enter_the_IRC_channels_now =============================================================================== § IPFS Mirrors⠀➾ CID Description Object type IRC log for  QmaZENfiNgCRSQprbvdx1i8f7AGzNimgXc3THEtHGHMJsK #boycottnovell 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #boycottnovell  QmRoYzJG4Mvkm71aU9a1Y7B5sXVqH366HxnhJTSHWRv6ew (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ as plain/ASCII text) IRC log for #boycottnovell-  QmRe3XgAvditdwVdJhxndDgXE7V9d4A9bozquTukrsv3Yq social 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #boycottnovell-  Qmf5XmvMRLbtT5KMCsRk5aGJnSvEtxoskz96Kte93VTrpT social 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ (full IRC log as plain/ASCII text) IRC log for  QmRXB51qQBqYUYpncZTBY7GuDQXCHKfHfP1AjzZ4FGzKMj #techbytes 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #techbytes  QmbSr2885PPGkGiw46LdRSuvSH4tmEK8bE2kprT3ASGwfH (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ as plain/ASCII text) IRC log for  QmaPA8grJ8CgLMF4QYpdVsnDWrbL8sXbgUUWtpGJhzT3xp #techrights 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #techrights  QmNrxqd2gbAwHBwiJEgGui2fjpMhjddoNpTSoJW1i7CodB (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ as plain/ASCII text) 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇IPFS logo⦈ § Bulletin for Yesterday⠀➾ Local_copy | CID (IPFS): QmbqCQ6R4NusTRm9E3YjVzj9c1FxCfEvrfqShjAZLaCyQS ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 324 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2023/08/20/irc-log-190823/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2023/08/20/irc-log-190823/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.20.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ IRC_Proceedings:_Saturday,_August_19,_2023⠀✐ Posted in IRC_Logs at 12:16 am by Needs Sunlight Also available via the Gemini protocol at: * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-techrights-190823.gmi * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-190823.gmi * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-social-190823.gmi * gemini://gemini.techrights.org/irc-gmi/irc-log-techbytes-190823.gmi Over HTTP: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇H 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇HTML5_logs⦈_ #techrights_log_as_HTML5 #boycottnovell_log_as_HTML5 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇H 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇HTML5_logs⦈_ #boycottnovell-social_log_as_HTML5 #techbytes_log_as_HTML5 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇t 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇text_logs⦈_ #techrights_log_as_text #boycottnovell_log_as_text 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇t 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇text_logs⦈_ #boycottnovell-social_log_as_text #techbytes_log_as_text Enter_the_IRC_channels_now =============================================================================== § IPFS Mirrors⠀➾ CID Description Object type IRC log for  QmeHiKHemyA71szpg7DHminy4CQddWdqwVDMMqcda78pup #boycottnovell 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #boycottnovell  QmehC6fAcypBEDthf7eNRiNLoGBq5gYkiQTd5oYujjF8dA (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ as plain/ASCII text) IRC log for #boycottnovell-  QmYh9CATr7w32CoQSThKCXFUkgENxCeNxGKtHJBq2vQaqS social 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #boycottnovell-  QmdcEFcJgnyesfkhvWepiWGJMMCEY1QbrMU573qb2AR3UZ social 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ (full IRC log as plain/ASCII text) IRC log for  QmSGCpwKs3n3sg2CpMTSKWJo64T6xBtQzRSys2Ffzs3a7g #techbytes 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #techbytes  QmWgAGsSvAKtjzdG8bgUPWQ4BSdsL6KShhMPmUpY7s5aJK (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ as plain/ASCII text) IRC log for  QmYUrDibLJeg8gWsrZsQuQuxxBeGXCL8P468d1uFtUsuYe #techrights 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇HTML5 logs⦈ (full IRC log as HTML) IRC log for #techrights  QmcbhsNkZD1eR9MWDfWP9gAyMfwNuAPeuWRp4NT8tJRuXW (full IRC log 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇text logs⦈ as plain/ASCII text) 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇IPFS logo⦈ § Bulletin for Yesterday⠀➾ Local_copy | CID (IPFS): QmeZFBVX9fk1V5VBuSsZpDpx2dnJBatXxASzUtAm4wrZ26 ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 451 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2023/08/20/rip-reddit/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2023/08/20/rip-reddit/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.20.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ RIP,_Reddit⠀✐ Posted in Deception at 1:27 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Summary: The Ripoff and Exploitation platform, Reddit, is losing_its_volunteers (userbase), in effect killing the platform by a series of profoundly bad decisions and policies ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 476 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2023/08/20/self-host-and-prosper/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2023/08/20/self-host-and-prosper/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.20.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ The_‘Influencer’_Era_is_Over,_Embrace_Alternatives_to_Social_Control_Media and_the_Web⠀✐ Posted in Site_News at 12:31 am by Dr. Roy Schestowitz Video_download_link | md5sum 58edb12952f0c8931e282d00f245677e Improving Focus on Videos and Gemini Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivative Works 4.0 http://techrights.org/videos/site-news-and-videos-update.webm Summary: It’s only the 20th of the month and we’ve already passed the monthly average in Gemini traffic; this video focuses on our use of Gemini (it started almost exactly 2.5 years ago) and video TODAY we finally have our 48,000th Gemini page and this month will be another record-breaking month in terms of Gemini traffic. The video above talks about the continued growth of Gemini in general, how videos can be opened from Gemini, and the agony of looking for supposedly “professional” microphones (computers are nowadays fast enough to do Digital Signal Processing (DSP) in software). We have some plans until the end of this year and next year. Unlike many “influencers” who outsourced almost everything to Alphabet/Google/YouTube, our fate isn’t determined by some hostile third party and it’s very difficult to stop us or even slow us down. Some time tomorrow we expect to publish our 37,500th blog post. █ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 524 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at http://techrights.org/2023/08/20/third-guest-blog-post-by-rianne/#comments Gemini version at gemini://gemini.techrights.org/2023/08/20/third-guest-blog-post-by-rianne/ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.20.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Rianne_Schestowitz:_Matthew_J._Garrett_Shifting_From_‘Adopt_a_Code_of Conduct’_to_‘Gas_the_Jews’⠀✐ Posted in Deception, Free/Libre_Software at 7:43 pm by Guest Editorial Team This is an unplanned blog post, as it’s Sunday night and we really ought to enjoy the weekend and not be distracted by any negative vibes, but I feel compelled to write this blog post anyway so as to not wait until my usual schedule says it’s time to finalise my text (unlike the last time). I am rushing this because this is a very important topic and it should be given further emphasis. People should be aware or even should have brought this matter to their national authority’s attention. The readers of Tux Machines and Techrights should know how this lunatic, pervert, crackhead DrAxe Matthew J. Garrett became utterly crazy. He had gone totally berserk around the time when my husband Dr. Roy Schestowitz were busy writing about Microsoft layoffs over in Techrights, publishing articles one after the other regarding those mass layoffs and I suppose this probably hit a nerve. “He had gone totally berserk around the time when my husband Dr. Roy Schestowitz were busy writing about Microsoft layoffs over in Techrights, publishing articles one after the other regarding those mass layoffs and I suppose this probably hit a nerve.”Herein, I will be showing the narrative or the fashion in which this disgusting human being was desperately trolling, provoking and trying to demoralise the IRC channels for many days in a row, hence the personal attack on Roy schestowitz never stopped. Here we go: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ Introducing the “whitenigger” sockpuppet. I’m sure the readers know already the style and pattern of DrKnife Matthew J. Garrett’s ‘trolling’ (see my first_blog post and part_two). 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ The psychopath who’s hiding in the cabin in some forest (the definitive proof of this will follow, probably in the next blog post) is very obviously using the chatbot tools to generate his fabricated stories. The garbage-filled, poisoned, and cooked (well done! Fully cooked yet?) mind of DrAxe Matthew J. Garrett is no longer capable of thinking because he has the brain of a zombie. DrAxe Matthew J. Garrett is having a mental breakdown; this human being is not sleeping nor eating (except of course he snorts the cocaine that has become his food) and not even a taking shower for months already: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ Can you imagine the smell of this person? I would say he would be stinky like a bunch of canned tuna, or worse, he might smell like a skunk… ewww, I hope Drknife Matthew J. Garrett is not eating fresh or burrito squirrel. I doubt he has the strength to hunt in the forest for food because even the random cockroach is evading and running away from him he is like a termite exterminator. “Garrett is having a mental breakdown; this human being is not sleeping nor eating…”Mr. Garrett wanted to have mojito but can’t have it, because he is in the middle of the forest, so there no way he can deny the fact that indeed he is now a forest-dwelling person… 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ Just like his hero, Unabomber. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ Let’s go back to the narration put forth by sockpuppet “whitenigger”, whose first approach wasn’t successful. The idiot Mr. Garrett started to interrupt and disrupt, trying to catch Roy Schestowitz’s attention. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ When he was being ignored things escalated. The lunatic DrAxe Matthew J. Garrett started his attempts at trolling for the second time around. Roy Schestowitz repeatedly snubbed him, saying people should just ignore the troll: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ Second attempt? Also that attempt wasn’t successful. It yielded no results either, so the incel psychopath DrKnife Matthew J. Garrett made an attempt for the third time around: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ When Roy Schestowitz said “there are no racists nick here right now” DrKnife Matthew J. Garrett immediately created the sockpuppet “niggernigger”, so you see the craziness of this person, right? 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ Finally he got Roy Schestowitz’s attention this time around. The cocaine addict DrKnife Matthew J. Garrett was overwhelmed with happiness and he then replied, “hi Roy Schestowitz”: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ A few minutes after… DrKnife Matthew J. Garrett was back to his normal business (provoking, trolling etc.) and even responding or talking to himself, pretending the sockpuppets and himself are different entities: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ Don’t you have different tricks, Mr. Garrett? Personally I am already bored of your style and I bet the readers also feel the same way. In my many weeks of reading or at least scanning the logs (while investigating your trolling ventures) I can already smell your skunky presence in every way despite using so many names, changing from one sockpuppet to another, or jumping to other sockpuppets any time things get hot: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ As the trolling and distraction continues, one sockpuppet called “nazipieceofshit” has quit: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ He left the sockpuppet “niggernigger” and turned onto another polymorphous theme to become “HeilHitler”: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ The crackhead DrKnife Matthew J. Garrett would however go way to far this time. This is the main reason I decided to write this blog post (even if it’s already late at night here). 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ This person must be reported to the authority/ies. DrKnife Matthew J. Garrett already lost his mind. This shouldn’t be ignored and this person must stop. You will see the reaction of mjg59_ DrKnife Matthew J. Garrett. Yes, all of the sudden he appeared at the scene, emerging from nowhere, perhaps because he realised what he was doing or saying will eventually come back to him. I can imagine the readers will notice the reaction of the psychopath is obviously cramping. Strike three: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ DrAxe Matthew J. Garrett decided to continue his trolling, so he must think he is being very clever behind the sockpuppets: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ This foul-mouthed, skunky, smelly DrAxe Matthew J. Garrett deserves to be in the prison cells. I believe I can do that, so just be patient, as we will get to that too. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ The scumbag Drknife Matthew J. Garrett wants to gas and kill the Jews: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ He is proud of himself and calls/frames himself as a hero: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ A very proud garbage-filled DrKnife Matthew J Garrett changed his sockpuppet from “HeilHitler” back to “niggernigger”: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ The idiot DrKnife Matthew J. Garrett is once again trying to provoke: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ Dr Roy Schestowitz’s reply was, “don’t feed the troll”. This type of response is pissing off the lunatic DrKnife Matthew J. Garrett, so this only makes him crazier and more aggressive: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ Truly he is, once again, showing his true colours; the nerve was struck, so he went back to his beloved sockpuppet “elusive_woman”: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ By this time “kill the jews” Matthew J. Garrett was sobering up I guess. He claims that he was behind all the sockpuppet…. a shocking revelation. The man finally unmasked himself. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇Offensive messages from Matthew J. Garrett⦈ “Really should stop switching between machines that have ctrl in different places”. How many computers is he using? How many networks? “If you have time to waste by pestering and ruining people’s lives, I will have the perseverance to write more about you…”DrAxe Matthew J. Garrett is giving up. To the FOSS community, Debian community, University of Berkeley and to those innocent people who have been harassed by this person I have a message. Please come forward or communicate with us; an urgent action is needed. To “gas the jews” DrKnife Matthew J. Garrett: you never have had any intention to stop trolling and writing fabricated stories, keep going… the more you troll, the more you write and so on, the more blog posts you will get. If you have time to waste by pestering and ruining people’s lives, I will have the perseverance to write more about you, as I’m not going to stop writing to remind people how horrible and what an evil person you are. █ ⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⡿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⠿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⢿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠓⠓⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⢻⠿⡿⣿⣛⢻⣿⢿⢿⡿⠿⡿⣿⢿⣿⠟⠻⣻⢿⣿⡻⣿⣿⠿⠛⢟⣟⡻⢿⢿⢿⠿⡟⡿⢿⣿⢿⡟⡛⢿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣻⢿⣿⡿⣿⡿⡟⣟⡟⢻⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⢾⡟⡾⠒⠓⠛⠳⢺⡞⣾⡞⣳⣶⡷⣿⣿⣟⠓⠚⠛⣿⢿⢾⡿⢻⣗⣞⣗⢿⢿⣛⡗⣾⣲⣳⢲⠒⠞⢟⢷⣶⢿⣿⣶⣾⣷⣷⣷⣷⣷⣾⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣷⣾⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠠⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⣿⠿⠿⢛⣿⡽⠾⣟⡟⣿⣿⠿⠛⠿⡿⠙⠛⠿⣷⣿⣿⡟⡟⣯⢿⢿⢽⣙⣛⢝⡭⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠠⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣽⣻⣉⣉⣟⣿⣿⣟⣍⣿⣿⣏⣙⣿⣏⣉⣙⣽⣏⣋⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣏⣹⣿⣋⣏⣿⣿⣟⣛⣏⣻⣟⣿⣿⣿⣉⣉⣉⣙⣹⣿⣉⣻⣍⣿⣟⣿⣏⣿⣿⣯⣿⣉ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡸⣭⣿⣧⡿⡯⣬⠭⡯⣿⢽⣿⣿⡭⣿⣍⣭⣭⡿⡿⢯⢭⣩⡭⢿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣯⢽⡯⣧⡭⣭⣿⡽⡯⡏⢵⡭⣮⣿⣷⣧⣥⣴⣵⣿⣿⠿⢿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿⣮⣿⣤⣤⣦⣯⣿⣧⣦⣿⣯⣧⣤⣯⣧⣤⣤⣾⣧⣦⣴⣽⣯⣿⡿⢿⣽⣯⣿⣧⣼⣯⣧⣦⣿⣷⣧⣦⢧⣼⣯⡿⡿⣷⢤⢤⣤⣤⣽⣷⣤⣽⣦⣿⡯⡿⣥⣤⣼⠿⣤⣿ ⣿⣦⣶⣯⣽⣷⣿⣭⣥⣤⣦⣧⣬⣷⣧⣴⣼⣿⣷⣼⣿⣯⣧⣤⣮⣥⣿⣷⢧⢥⣤⣾⣥⣤⡤⠾⡥⢶⡯⣧⣯⣧⡶⣯⣦⢥⡴⣾⠿⢷⠼⣿⢿⠵⣦⣿⣯⡵⣬⡿⣧⡾⣦⣼⣧⣧⣥⢤⣴⣾⣥⣥⣿⣿⣭⢽⣧⣯ ⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣾⣶⣾⣿⢾⢿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣷⣿⣷⣶⣽⣶⣾⣷⣿⣷⣶⣷⣿⣿⠿⣿⣯⣷⣶⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⢿⣾⠾⣾⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⢿⣷⣶⣶⣾ ⠀⠀⠒⠰⠆⠰⠆⠢⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡶⠿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⣿⣶⠦⢿⣿⠿⢷⣦⠶⢿⣿⠿⣿⣼⠾⠿⡷⢿⣿⣶⣶⣷⡿⢿⢿⠿⢿⡷⢾⢿⣶⠿⡶⢿⠿⠾⢶⢿⣿⣶⣾⣶⣶⣿⠷⢿⣾⡶⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣾⠿⢿⣷⣿⠿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⡿⢷⣿⣿⣾⡿⢿⣷⣶⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⡷⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⠿⣿⡿⠿⢷⠾⢿⣾⣾⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⠷⢿⣾⡿⢿⣿ ⠀⠀⠄⢠⡄⢀⠀⢄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣾⡾⠟⢿⣿⣿⣶⠾⢿⡻⠿⠛⣾⣶⣿⣷⣾⠷⠛⢿⣿⣷⣿⣿⢿⣿⠿⢶⣶⡿⢿⣷⢾⣿⣿⣟⣿⠶⡿⢷⣾⣷⡾⢿⣾⣿⣿⣻⣷⣾⡿⠻⣿⡿⠿⢷⠷⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣻⣿⣟⣛⣻⣿⣿⣟⣛⣛⣟⣿⣻⣛⡛⣻⣿⣿⣟⣛⣯⣿⣹⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠛⣿⣿⣿⣛⢿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣟⣟⣛⢻⣻⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⡿⣛⣿⣿⣿⡛⡟⡛⣛⡛⢻⣿⡛⣿⡟⣿⣿⣟⠟⢿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣟⣿⣯⣿⣟⣿⣟⣻⣛⣿⣿⣛⣙⣿⣿⣋⣿⣿⣽⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣝⣟⣿⣋⣿⣿⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣽⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⡀⡀⠀⠀⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣟⣛⣟⣻⣿⣻⣿⣫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣟⣟⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣻⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠈⠀⠈⠀⠈⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⣿⣙⣯⣻⣹⣯⣽⣯⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣛⣙⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠃⠘⠀⠀⠀⠘⠚⠘⠁⠀⠀⣿⣧⣤⣦⣧⣷⣿⣷⣿⣿⣶⣦⣽⣶⣿⣧⣿⣿⣥⣤⣼⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣿⣵⣮⣿⣧⣷⣾⣿⣶⣦⣬⣷⣿⣿⣼⣤⣿⣯⣷⣿⣿⣤⣼⣯⣦⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿ ⠀⠀⢀⡀⣀⠀⡀⡀⠀⣀⠀⠀⡀⣀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⢿⠟⢻⡻⣟⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠻⠻⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⠻⠿⢿⠿⠿⢿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠘⠁⠓⠀⠃⠂⠐⠃⠀⠐⠃⠛⠀⠀⢸⣯⣥⣭⣼⣾⣧⣽⣷⣷⣿⣯⣿⣿⣼⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣭⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣯⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏ ⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉ ⢰⣿⣿⣶⣲⣶⣷⣶⣾⣷⣶⢲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠈⠛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠈⠛⠛⠛⠛⠙⠛⠛⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠘⠛⠛⠛⠘⠛⠛⠛⠃⠛⠉⠛⠛⠃⠛⠃⠛⠺⠃⠛⠻⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⠙⠛⠆⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠿⠗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠒⠃⠀⢸ ⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸ ⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⠀⣀⣽⡁⠀⠀⠷⠷⠾⠿⠶⠶⠆⠿⠶⠶⠶⠿⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢾⡆⠖⠶⠀⢸ ⠀⣀⣋⠿⡟⠀⠀⣶⣦⣤⣦⣴⣶⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⢖⣶⢖⢴⣴⣶⢰⣴⢶⠶⡆⢶⣔⡖⣶⣶⡆⣶⢦⡲⠶⣶⣤⣶⣶⡦⡲⣲⡖⣶⣦⡶⢶⢤⡆⣶⢶⢶⣶⢲⣶⣶⣶⢶⡆⣶⡦⡲⣶⢲⣲⣶⣶⠆⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣶⡆⣲⣶⣶⣶⣶⢴⣶⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⢤⣤⣤⣤⣠⣤⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⢠⣤⣤⣤⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⢤⣤⣤⢠⡤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⢠⣤⢠⣤⡤⣠⣤⣤⡤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⣤⢤⡄⣤⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣄⣀⣤⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣠⢀⣈⣀⣀⣀⢀⣄⣀⡀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⣀⡀⣠⣀⣀⡀⣤⣀⣀⣀⢠⡀⣁⣀⣀⣀⣠⣀⢠⣄⣀⢠⡤⣄⣀⢀⣠⣀⡀⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣤⡀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⠉⠉⠙⠁⢉⠉⡉⠉⢛⣉⡉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⠉⢉⠈⠉⠉⡉⠉⠈⠉⠉⡁⠋⠉⠉⡉⡉⢁⠉⠁⢉⣉⢉⠁⠉⠉⡉⠛⠈⠁⠋⡈⠙⠉⢉⠋⠈⠉⠉⠀⠁⠉⠉⢘⠉⠉⠁⠉⠉⠉⢉⠉⢉⢉⢉⡉⡉⠙⠃⠀⠀⢸ ⠐⠛⠃⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠃⠛⠋⠛⠋⠛⠛⠘⠛⠛⠋⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠘⠛⠛⠘⠛⠘⠛⠛⠘⠛⠛⠋⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠇⠛⠛⠛⠫⠟⠛⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠓⠃⠑⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠐⠶⠾⠶⠶⠲⠷⠿⠿⠷⠶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⠺⠲⡄⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣶⡦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣷⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠴⠆⠀⢸ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠒⠀⠀⠀⢠⣠⢀⣠⡄⢀⣀⣀⡀⣤⢀⣀⡀⣀⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⢠⠶⠦⠤⠀⠀⠈⠁⠈⠉⠉⠈⠉⠁⠀⠉⠈⠉⠁⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⡛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⣶⢢⠀⣦⢄⢀⢠⣤⡤⡀⠀⢠⠄⣤⣤⠆⢠⠀⢠⠠⡀⠀⣂⡄⣆⢀⢰⢰⠂⡄⠀⡄⠀⣲⡤⡄⡄⢠⣤⡦⡀⢠⠀⡠⡆⢠⠀⢠⣤⡆⢄⠄⣤⣴⢰⢀⠄⢤⢠⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠂⠠⠀⠄⠀⠠⠄⠠⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣛⣍⣏⣝⣻⢍⣫⣻⣟⣫⣏⣝⣹⣻⣛⣯⣋⣋⣫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠠⠄⠠⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠏⠿⢻⣟⢻⠻⢻⢻⣻⣛⣛⠏⠻⣿⠟⠿⣻⠙⢛⣻⠛⢿⠛⡟⠻⢛⡻⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⢀⡀⢀⡀⠀⠀⢸⡟⠛⠻⠻⡻⢟⢻⠛⠿⣟⠛⡛⠻⡟⡻⠻⠟⡻⠻⠻⡻⠟⣛⢻⡛⢻⠿⢛⠛⢿⠛⢟⡛⣛⣛⠿⢻⠛⡟⢛⡟⢟⠛⣛⠻⡟⢟⠛⢛⣛⠻⢿⠻⢻⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣮⣭⣭⣬⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⠉⡍⢩⣩⠉⡍⠉⠉⢩⠉⠍⠉⢩⢉⣍⡍⢩⠉⡍⠉⢉⠉⡉⢍⡉⢩⠉⡩⠩⠉⠉⣍⡭⠍⠉⡍⣭⠩⠉⠩⠉⠍⠉⢍⣩⡉⠍⡉⠉⠍⠉ ⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⡉⠉⢉⡉⢉⠉⠉⠉⢹⣟⣟⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣟⣿⣻⣻⣿⣟⣻⠟⠛⠛⠛⠟⠛⠿⠛⠛⠿⢛⠻⠟⠻⠟⠛⠛⠟⠿⠟⠺⠟⠻⠿⠽⠫⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣀⣀⣀⡀⣀⣈⢁⣀⣈⣁⣈⣁⣀⣀⣸⢟⣃⡁⣚⣃⣊⣙⣋⣉⣁⣛⣂⣈⣋⣛⢛⣂⣛⣙⣋⣙⣘⡓⢑⣀⣘⣊⣙⣉⣛⣓⣉⣛⣉⣋⣙⣓⣉⣙⢛⣙⢉⣁⣥⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣷⣤⣦⣤⣤⣮⣴⣼⣤⣯⣶⣼⣤⣴⣤⣤⣴⣤⣾⣴⣤⣤⣤⣾⣤⣤⣿⣽⣤⣮⣤⣬⣼⣴⣴⣤⣿⣤⣦⣷⣿⣥⣬⣤⣷⣽⣼⣦⣴⣭⣦⣤⣤⣧⣴⣬⣧⣶⣦⣴⣷⣧⣦⣴⣧⣤⣶⣤⣴⣥⣴⣽⡔⣿⡄⣤⠤ ⣿⢿⡻⠟⣿⡛⢻⠛⡟⠟⢻⢛⢿⢻⡿⡻⣟⣿⠛⢻⡛⡟⣿⣿⠛⡟⣛⡟⢻⡛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⡠⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣻⣿⠿⠟⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⡟⡿⠿⠿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⡿⣿⡿⡿⢻⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⢻⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠑⠛⠂⠀⠊⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣾⣶⣿⣼⣬⣇⣤⣾⣽⣿⣿⣺⣾⣾⣥⣤⣧⣬⣵⣶⣿⣷⣿⣴⣿⣾⣾⣷⣷⣿⣿⣾⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣮⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡟⢻⣿⠛⡿⢿⣿⠛⢻⣿⠿⣟⠟⢻⠛⣿⠛⠿⣟⣟⡟⢻⢻⣿⠛⠻⣿⠛⢻⢻⣿⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⡛⣿⣿⢻⡛⠛⡿⠟⣻⣻⢻⠛⠻⣿⡟⢿⣿⣻⡿⠛⡟⠛⢻⣟⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣟⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣏⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣻⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⡀⡠⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡟⣛⣿⡟⠛⠿⠟⢻⣻⣟⣿⣟⢿⣿⡟⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠛⠟⡛⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⡿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠘⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠐⠚⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣛⡛⠒⠓⣓⠟⢺⣻⣻⢻⣿⠟⣿⣶⡖⢛⢛⠻⡟⠖⡖⠛⣓⠖⠛⢶⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⢰⣶⣶⡆⠀⣾⣿⠉⣷⠀⠀⢰⡆⢸⣷⣾⠁⣶⣶⠀⠀⢰⡆⢰⣾⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡛⣫⣹⣝⣻⣿⣻⣻⣹⣿⣯⣟⣿⣟⣟⣟⣿⣛⣿⣋⣻⣿⣛⣛⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣏⣟⣙⣯⣿⣛⣻⣿⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣋⣏⣿⣛⣿⣟⣋⣿⣿⣟⣿⣯⣿⣛⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣹⣻⣋⣏⣟⣛⣻⣟⣫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣽⣭⣽⣿⣿⣯⣯⣯⣯⣯⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢻⢿⣿⠻⡿⠿⡿⡿⢿⢻⠿⡿⢿⢿⠿⣿⢻⢿⡿⢿⡿⡿⣿⢿⣿⠿⢿⡿⡿⣿⠿⢿⣿⢿⡿⣿⠿⣿⢿⠿⢿⠿⡟⡿⣿⢿⠿⡿⡿⠻⢟⢿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣾⣽⣼⣧⣯⣶⣧⣿⣴⣧⣾⣴⣶⣽⣿⣬⣾⣯⣯⣾⣶⣮⣿⣷⣭⣧⣾⣾⣮⣧⣿⣿⣦⣵⣿⣽⣥⣾⣽⣿⣨⣧⣶⣦⣿⣤⣿⣬⣧⣼⣧⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢀⠀⠀⡀⢀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡿⢿⡟⡟⣿⠻⣿⡟⡟⢿⠿⡟⣿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠁⠁⠀⠘⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣷⣧⣧⣧⣿⣬⣼⣷⣥⣯⣤⣧⣿⣼⣤⣭⣬⣧⣮⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢲⠶⣶⢶⡶⣶⡶⣶⡶⣶⣶⢶⣶⢶⡶⣶⡶⡶⢶⡶⣶⣶⣶⢿⡿⢿⡿⣿⡿⡿⢿⡿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⣿⢻⢿⡿⢿⡿⣿⢿⡿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣾⣷⣾⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣽⣿⣽⣧⣿⣿⣿⣼⣷⣿⣾⣿⣬⣿⣼⣷⣿⣾⣿⣼⣯⣾⣿⣿⣽⣿⣧⣿⣾⣿⣿⣼⣷⣿⣞⣷⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢀⢀⢀⢀⠀⠀⢀⠀⡀⡀⢀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠻⡿⢿⠿⣿⡿⡟⢿⢿⣿⠻⡿⢿⣿⢿⡿⢿⠿⡿⢿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠈⠈⠈⠈⠈⠈⠀⠀⠀⠁⠁⠁⠉⠈⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣾⣿⣾⣶⣷⣼⣶⣿⣷⣷⣾⣷⣿⣶⣿⣾⣿⣾⣷⣾⣴⣧⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠈⠂⠃⠀⠘⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣧⣧⣼⣧⣿⣼⣾⣼⣿⣼⣼⣧⣾⣾⣼⣤⣷⣿⣧⣿⣼⣧⣿⣧⣼⣯⣿⣼⣤⣧⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢶⢶⣶⢶⣶⠶⡶⣶⢶⢶⠶⡶⢶⢶⢶⣶⣶⡶⢶⣶⣶⢶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⡿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿ ⣾⣶⣽⣼⣧⣿⣴⣧⣿⣼⣇⣾⣰⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣴⣿⣷⣽⣧⣿⣼⣿⣿⣧⣽⣿⣼⣿⣼⣧⣿⣴⣿⣼⣷⣧⣿⣮⣿⣴⣶⣼⣿⣿⣼⣯⣿⣵⣿⣽⣯⣷⣾⣿⣯⣿⣿⣾⣿⣧⣿⣿⣦⣿⣮⣿⣿⣷⣿⣭⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⢀⠀⣀⡀⢀⡀⡀⠀⠀⣿⡿⣿⡟⠿⣿⠟⠿⢿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢻⡟⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠓⠚⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣿⢿⡿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣷⣾⣿⣾⣿⣷⢿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠰⠀⠀⠰⠰⠤⠶⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠷⣶⠷⠶⠟⠽⣿⣿⣷⡾⠶⠿⠿⣿⣿⠷⠾⠿⣷⣾⡶⠶⠾⢿⣿⣖⠾⠷⢶⢽⡷⠶⣶⠿⠷⢷⠷⠾⡞⢿⡷⠶⠠⢷⣿⡶⠷⣾⢷⣶⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠐⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣒⡖⢲⡓⠲⠒⢲⣳⡿⡿⣞⢖⡲⡲⡞⢖⣷⡳⠲⣾⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣷⣷⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣷⣷⣶⣷⣶⣾⣾⣶⣶⣾⣾⣾⣶⣿⣷⣾⣾⣾⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠿⠿⡿⡿⠿⢿⡿⠾⢿⡿⠿⡿⡿⠿⠿⢿⢿⠿⠾⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⣿⠿⡿⡿⠿⡿⣿⠿⠿⡿⢿⢿⢿⣿⠿⠿⣿⢿⢿⢿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣷⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣷⣶⣿⣷⣶⣶⣾⣾⣷⣶⣶⣾⣿⣷⣶⣾⣷⣶⣷⣶⣷⣾⣷⣶⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣾⣾⣷⣾⣶⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠖⠀⠊⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣭⣧⣭⣯⣬⣭⣭⣼⣿⣧⣯⣥⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⣽⣧⣯⣿⣽⣭⣯⣭⣽⣿⣿⣯⣯⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣭⣼⣹⣿⣵⣭⣽⣯⣽⣯⣿⣧⣿⣿⣯⣯⣽⣬⣽⣿⣍⣧⣭⣿⣽ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣏⣛⣙⣿⣽⣿⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣏⣛⣹⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣿⣹⣿⣟⣟⣿⣛⣟⣿⣛⣻⣿⣿⣛⣛⣿⣛⣋⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣭⣿⣿⣯⣯⣽⣭⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⣧⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣯⣏⣽⣯⣽⣭⣯⣿⣽⣷⣭⣯⣳⣭⣽⣿⣿⣭⣯⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣏⣛⣟⣛⣛⣻⣿⣿⣏⣭⣿⣻⣋⣛⣟⣛⣛⣿⣿⣿⣻⣛⣻⣟⣛⣻⣻⣟⣛⣿⣿⣛⣻⣻⣛⣿⣟⣻⣿⣻⣿⣛⣛⣟⣿⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⣤⠀⢠⠄⠀⢠⠀⡀⠀⠀⣿⠟⢟⢿⣻⡿⢻⣻⡿⠛⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⢛⢛⣿⣟⢻⠛⣿⣿⠿⢻⠟⠛⠻⡿⢟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⢛⡻⣿⡟⠛⡿⣿⡿⡛⡟⠛⣿⠛⠛⢻⠿⠟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⢀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠉⠀⠈⠁⠀⠈⠀⠁⠀⠀⣿⣶⣿⣾⣿⣿⣾⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣶⣾⣿⣿⣶⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠐⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣽⣧⣭⣭⣬⣭⣽⣿⣽⣷⣼⣽⣭⣬⣹⣥⣭⣏⣽⣭⣯⣽⣿⣿⣽⣭⣽⣽⣧⣭⣭⣽⣭⣩⣭⣽⣥⣯⣭⣯⣽⣿⣽⣏⣭⣭⣭⣭⣿⣯⣿⣿⣾⣯⣽⣬⣿⣵⣾⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡿⠿⡿⡿⡿⢿⠿⠿⠻⠿⣿⠛⡟⠿⢿⢿⠿⢿⢿⢿⢿⠿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⡿⡿⡿⣿⢿⣿⢿⡿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⡿⢿⣿⡿⡻⢿⠿⢿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠻⠟⠿⡟⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣾⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣾⣾⣿⣿⣷⣾⣶⣶⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠠⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣻⠛⠛⢿⣽⣿⣿⣻⣻⡟⠛⣿⣛⣛⢿⣿⡛⣟⣻⣻⢿⠟⢛⣻⠟⢻⣿⢻⡿⠛⠛⡟⣿⣛⢛⣿⣿⡛⡟⢻⣿⢻⣿⡟⠛⢻⣿⣟⢛⣻⣿⣿⢻⠛⣿⠟⡟⠛⣿⠛⣟⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⣿⢿⢿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⢿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣾⣾⣿⣿⣾⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣶⣶⣾⣿⣶⣷⣿⣿⣷⣾⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣷⣷⣶⣶⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠒⠂⠐⠀⠂⠀⠀⣿⣧⣽⣿⣽⣯⣽⣿⣭⣭⣿⣽⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣼⣽⣬⣭⣯⣽⣯⣍⣽⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣲⣶⡒⠒⣒⣖⣒⢖⢶⣲⣶⣖⣒⡲⣶⡫⣛⣻⣯⡋⢉⣏⢿⣙⣙⣏⣿⣿⣿⣯⣟⣛⡿⣛⣙⣟⣫⣟⣻⣟⣻⣙⣛⠛⣙⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⢀⢀⡀⠀⢀⢀⣀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠉⠈⠁⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠆⠢⠀⠄⠀⠄⠰⠠⠀⠀⠀⣿⣽⣿⣽⣯⣯⣹⣝⣭⣭⣏⣟⣭⣍⣫⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡀⠀⠈⠘⠁⠀⠈⠈⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠠⣠⡀⠀⣠⢠⡤⡀⠀⣠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠐⠂⠐⠀⠂⠀⠀⠐⠐⠀⠀⠀⣿⣚⣂⣐⣋⣑⣃⣑⣓⣒⣱⣀⣁⣋⣓⣑⣅⣙⣃⣛⣛⣙⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣒⣚⣘⣂⣀⣉⣈⣊⣖⣘⣂⣂⣓⣈⣐⣂⣁⣁⣗⣓⣓⣓⣛⣊⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⣀⠀⠄⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡿⡟⠿⠿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣟⠟⠟⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⠟⠻⣿⣿⣿⢻⡿⣿⠿⠿⠿⣿⠻⡿⢻⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⢿⡿⠿⠿⣿⢿⢿⠿⡟⢿⣿⠿⠻⠟⡟⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣾⣶⣿⣶⣿⣷⣷⣶⣧⣷⣷⣿⣷⣶⣶⣦⣯⣷⣷⣾⣷⣿⣴⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣷⣶⣶⣷⣾⣾⣾⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠠⠄⠄⠤⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⣿⣿⣟⣿⣛⣻⢻⢛⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠈⠂⠀⠊⠚⠘⠃⠀⠛⠚⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣧⣧⣤⣼⣿⣿⣭⣿⣷⣿⣮⣯⣽⣬⣼⣌⣬⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⢠⢠⢀⡄⠀⣀⠀⠀⡄⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠟⡛⢟⢟⡟⡻⣟⣻⢟⢛⢿⢻⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡤⢤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡤⣤⣤⣤⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠛⠚⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠓⠚⠚⠛⠚⠛⠻⣿⣿⣶⣿⣾⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠐⠐⠂⠂⠐⠐⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣭⣽⣭⣿⣿⣽⣿⣽⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⢠⢀⠀⡀⠀⣀⠀⡀⡄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠛⠟⠛⠛⡟⣟⡟⣻⣿⢿⠿⠛⠿⢻⡿⠟⠻⢿⠛⠿⠿⡟⠿⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣾⣗⣖⣶⣷⣤⣄⣈⣨⣤⣾⣧⣦⣤⣦⣾⣮⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠃⠀⠀⡀⠀⡀⠀⢀⢀⠀⣀⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠿⠿⠿⣿⠿⣿⢿⣿⡿⠿⡿⡿⠟⠿⠿⠟⠟⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⢿⡿⡿⠿⠿⠿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯ ⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠐⠐⠀⠒⠂⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣬⣬⣦⣧⣶⣷⣷⣽⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣤⣷⣬⣥⣨⣭⣧⣶⣷⣿⣬⣭⣷⣮⣧⣶⣮⣬⣽⣼⣾⣹⣮⣮⣥⣶⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠁⠀⠀⡀⠀⢀⢀⠀⡀⠀⣀⢀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⣿⠻⠟⠿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡻⠟⠿⣿⠟⠿⠿⠟⡛⡟⠟⠿⣿⣿⢿⡟⣻⢟⢿⢿⢛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏ ⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠂⠀⠒⠂⠀⠐⠂⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⣿⣼⣴⣾⣾⣷⣶⣾⣷⣬⣾⣮⡥⣤⣾⣿⣭⣿⣾⣦⣿⣯⣯⣽⣿⣭⣯⣽⣭⣹⣮⣬⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⣭⣭⣥ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠈⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣴⣮⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⣼⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣥⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣫⣫⣉⣩⡿⣯⣯⣽⣏⣟⣝⣹⣭⣉⣯⣻⣽⣽⣍⠋⣉⣹⣙⣉⣝⣹⣛⣏⡉⣩⣉⣉⣫⣽⣯⣋⣉⣹⢹⣻⣯⣫⣫⣋⣻⣻⣙⣽⣽⣿⣿⣍⣟⣿⣝⣿⣯⣉⡙⢹⣝⢯⣯⣯⣛⣿⣯⡿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣙⣉⣉⣩⣈⣭⣟⣟⣼⣽⣟⣉⣉⣛⣋⣙⣉⣉⣿⣿⣰⣽⣿⣷⣛⣫⣭⣿ ⠁⠀⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⢀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣻⣻⡻⣻⠛⠟⠛⣻⡛⣻⡟⡟⢛⣻⣻⣻⣻⣻⠛⡛⠿⣿⡛⠟⣿⢻⢻⢻⣿⣿⡟⢻⣿⣻⣻⠛⣛⡟⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠈⠂⠀⠒⠒⠀⠂⠀⠓⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⣿⣤⣄⣄⣤⣦⣿⣾⣦⣥⣤⣼⣤⣽⣿⣾⣮⣴⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⢀⠀⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⢀⢀⡀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⡿⠿⣿⢿⣿⠿⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣧⣼⣵⣭⣤⡤⣤⡿⣯⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣤⣠⣤⡥⢤⢤⢬⢿⡯⡴⣽⢯⢼⣮⣤⣤⣄⣤⣤⡤⣼⣤⣥⢼⣿⡥⣾⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣮⣷⣾⣧⣭⣧⣤⣤⣬⣼⣄ ⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠛⠀⠀⠀⠃⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣯⣫⣯⣬⣵⣴⣽⠽⣥⣤⣤⣬⣤⣠⣬⣭⣥⣮⢭⡴⡭⣼⣼⣯⣯⡿⣵⢴⣏⣤⣤⢼⡭⢤⣥⣧⣮⣯⣯⣽⡧⣤⣤⢥⡲⣧⡤⣿⠿⢿⡿⡿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⠿⢿⡿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠁⠀⠐⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣷⣵⣤⣤⣬⣭⣯⣽⣽⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⣮⣿⣯⣤⣤⣴⣥⣥⣤⡯⣿⣴⢤⣥⣤⡮⡦⣤⣤⣦⣼⣽⣼⣥⣥⣤⢤⢬⣯⢯⣮⣭⣿⣵⣵⣯⡧⣬⣤⣤⠤⣷⣶⣤⣤⣯ ⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸⣿⣴⣴⣬⣧⣮⣦⣯⣴⣧⣭⣧⣴⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣴⣴⣤⣤⣤⣬⣷⣧⣮⣤⣽⣬⣤⣤⣼⣭⣦⣮⣽⣽⣧⣿⣦⣮⣯⣮⣤⣴⣴⣥⣤⣤⣯⣥⣴⣬⣧⣤⣬⣵⣥⣵⣬ ⣿⣭⣥⣶⣾⣿⣿⣾⣾⣾⣬⣭⣽⣷⣿⣿⣾⣾⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣷⣬⣽⣤⣼⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣟⣋⣷⣰⣙⡏⣽⣀⣀⣏⣋⣇⣁⣏⣋⣍⣹⡿⣏⣮⣀⣴⣋⣎⣹⣱⣷⣋⣾⣇⣷⣿⣼⣷⣉⣙⣙⣽⣉⣉⣸⣉⣿⣙⣉⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣛⣏⣏⣽⣏⣍⣙⣉⣍⣋⣉ ⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⡉⠀⠀⠈⠁⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣟⣯⣿⣾⣾⣺⣼⣷⣥⣯⣿⣋⣍⣾⣞⣱⣿⣿⣊⣿⣼⣿⣼⣿⣿⣋⣉⣉⣉⣯⣿⣿⣉⣉⣍⣹⢸⣡⣹⣱⣯⣯⣽⣯⣿⣯⣯⣯⣯⣉⣉⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣏⢩⣉⣉⣈⣙⣟⣲⢻⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⣉⣋⣉⣛⣻⣿⣿⣟⣉⣋⣉⡝⣷⣙⣔⣓⣑⣓⣠⣀⣀⣹⣇⣈⣕⣓⣪⣺⢿⣐⡸⢗⡸⣧⣊⣁⣩⣻⣋⣉⣘⠉⣉⣁⣏⣉ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⡽⡻⠛⢿⡙⢋⠋⢻⠉⠛⢹⣿⣛⡯⡏⠛⢻⡙⢻⡿⣿⡿⢻⣿⡿⡿⠟⠿⠙⠻⠛⠛⠛⢻⣹⣙⠛⡛⣟⠿⡟⢻⢹⢭⠛⠿⡏⡏⠛⢻⡙⠙⠛⡛⣿⣿⣿⠍⡫⡭⢽⣯⠍⠿ ⣛⣿⢿⢿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⢿⠿⡿⠿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣶⣶⡶⣾⠷⠿⣿⣿⣿⢾⣿⣶⢿⣿⣾⣿⢿⠿⣿⢿⣿⡶⣷⣶⡿⡿⠿⣿⣿⢾⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣧⡾⢿⣾⢾⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣶⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣶⣬⣄⣄⣤⣤⣮⣤⣤⣼⣴⣿⣿⣿⣭⣿⣾⣿⣿⣶⣤⣯⣽⣿⣿⣟⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣶⣛⣙⣙⣉⣍⣿⣟⣏⣩⣭⣽⣏⣻⣛⣟⣻⣿⣏⣟⣏⣉⣍⣍⣍⣹⣿⣟⣟⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⢄⠂⡖⡠⢂⢠⠒⡄⡖⠂⡖⡆⠢⡐⠐⡆⡔⡂⡔⢂⢰⠒⢰⢲⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡟⣿⣿⡗⣿⢿⣿⢿⢻⣿⢻⣿⣾⢻⣿⢻⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠁⠁⠈⠈⠈⠀⠁⠁⠀⠁⠁⠀⠈⠀⠁⠁⠁⠀⠈⠈⠀⠈⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡿⢿⢿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡘⡎⣹⢸⢽⢻⢹⢸⣿⡇⣜⡅⡏⡏⡏⣿⢸⡏⡏⡏⣿⡇⣿⠏⡏⡇⣿⢸⢹⢹⢽⢹⣿⡇⡙⣿⢹⢹⢹⢿⢹⢿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⡇⠀⠎⠀⢸⢸⠀⡯⡂⡇⢎⢨⢸⠀⡇⢸⠀⡃⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣾⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⢸⢹⠸⣾⡇⡿⡯⣿⣿⢷⣷⣏⣏⣿⡾⡽⣾⣻⣹⣿⣾⣾⣿⣿⡾⡽⣾⣹⣏⡿⣷⣷⣿⢾⣹⢿⢸⣿⣹⢿⢿⣹ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢢⡁⡇⠀⢇⢢⠀⠢⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ 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⣭⣩⣯⣏⣛⢉⣽⣽⣝⣙⣋⣭⣹⣝⣩⣻⣉⣫⣏⣿⡍⣉⣽⣽⣻⣹⣟⣩⣭⣻⣫⣯⣯⣋⣽⣽⣽⣩⣯⣯⣻⣫⣿⣝⣝⣝⣉⣿⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷ ⡞⠛⡿⠿⡿⡿⠿⡿⡿⡿⡿⡿⢿⠿⣿⢿⠿⣿⠿⢿⢿⠿⠿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⢿⢿⢿⢿⡿⡿⣿⡟⡿⡿⡿⡿⡿⣿⠿⣿⠿⢿⣿⢿⢿⢿⣿⣿⠿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠿⢻⢻⢻⣿⢿⢿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣭⣧⣥⣮⣅⣮⣅⣧⣤⣭⣯⣭⣬⣴⣭⣿⣭⣴⣤⣬⣽⣿⣭⣥⣼⣿⣼⣼⣭⣼⣴⣴⣿⣧⣮⣥⣧⣯⣥⣧⣦⣾⣼⣼⣿⣤⣼⣤⣿⣯⣽⣭⣦⣴⣭⣭⣥⣯⣼⣼⣬⣭⣦⣼⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⡉⡉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⡉⡉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠀⠇⠇⠀⠇⠇⠸⠀⠇⠇⠸⠀⠇⠸⠂⠇⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣯⣞⣵⣱⣷⣧⣺⣖⣷⣾⣰⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⠂⡆⣄⠀⡄⡄⢰⠀⡆⡄⢠⠀⡄⢠⡀⡄⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡿⡿⣿⣻⠛⡟⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠁⠁⠀⠁⠁⠈⠀⠁⠁⠈⠀⠁⠈⠀⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣀⣶⠠⡤⠄⡤⢤⠄⢰⣆⣰⠀⡤⠤⡤⢤⠄⠠⡤⠄⡤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡏⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⡿⡿⣿⣿⢿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠀⠿⠀⠏⠀⠇⠸⠀⠸⠇⠸⠀⠇⠀⠇⠸⠄⠤⠏⠄⠇⠣⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣇⣟⣳⣒⣼⣿⣒⣿⣯⣒⣻⣿⣸⣛⣛⣟⡃⣧⣻⣿⣔⣾⣘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠒⡇⢸⠙⠈⡇⡏⢀⢸⠒⣿⠈⡇⢹⠉⢸⠁⢸⠉⡉⡏⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡏⠯⣟⠿⢿⠟⣿⣿⠸⡇⡏⣏⠿⣿⣿⢹⡹⢿⡿⣝⣻⠽⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣇⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⡄⢠⠀⡄⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠛⠛⡟⡿⣿⡿⢻⢿⠋⠿⣿⢿⠿⠛⢛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠈⠁⠁⠀⠈⠀⠈⠉⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⣶⣷⣷⣿⣾⣶⣷⣷⣷⣶⣶⣼⣷⣾⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣬⣷⣷⣯⣾⣭⣥⢤⣿⣿⣼⡿⣼⡮⣥⣦⣿⣮⣵⡧⣿⣾⣽⣿⣧⣤⣽⣭⣷⣭⣾⣴⣯⣽⣿⣿⣧⣷⣿⢿⣿⡷⣷⣮⡯⣷⣷⣮⣧⣵⣷⣷⣼⣮⣭⣯⣯⣥⣷⣯⣽⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⢵⢤⣤⣾⣼⣶⣼⡤⣼⣧⢼⣿⣽⣥⠥⡼⢽⣽⣽⣥⢼⠽⢤⡿⢥⣧⢶⢧⡭⡤⡤⣧⣼⢮⣿⣤⡽⡧⢤⣤⣤⣤⣴⣼⣬⣧⣤⣦⣴⣤⣯⣭⣥⣽⣦⣿⣵⣤⣽⣧⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣷⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣾⣿⣷⣽⣾⣷⣶⣴⣾⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣶⣶⣾⣮⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠂⠃⠀⠐⠀⠐⠒⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⣿⣧⣽⣿⣭⣭⣿⣿⣷⣿⣭⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠄⡄⠀⠄⠀⠠⣤⠀⡄⠄⠀⠀⣿⢟⠛⢻⢿⠛⢻⢛⡛⡻⣿⢿⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠈⠁⠁⠀⠈⠀⠈⠉⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⣿⣷⣶⣶⣷⣶⣾⣦⣾⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠐⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣺⣻⣋⣹⣚⣯⣏⣟⣋⣉⣹⣏⣉⣏⣈⣻⣻⣻⣝⣿⣉⣉⣏⣉⣫⣭⣉⣈⣻⣛⣯⣫⣩⣛⣉⣙⣟⣫⣻⣏⣛⣏⣨⣽⣉⣩⣉⣍⣩⣋⣏⣏⣉⣟⣍⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⡀⢠⠀⡀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⡻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠂⠊⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣮⣺⣤⣤⣽⣤⣥⣾⣤⣬⣮⣼⣾⣶⣿⣦⣬⣼⣾⣤⣤⣿⣮⣄⣄⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠰⠀⠄⠰⠀⠄⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣟⣍⣟⣿⣛⣟⣻⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⡀⢀⠀⡀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠿⢿⢿⢿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠁⠈⠀⠁⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠂⠘⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣷⣯⣉⣿⣽⣩⣿⣽⣩⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⣤⠀⠀⢠⠠⡀⢀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⢿⠻⢿⡿⠿⣿⡿⠿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠛⠀⠀⠘⠘⠃⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣬⣤⣤⣴⣧⣤⣥⣧⣾⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠆⠄⠀⠠⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣛⣟⣟⣻⣟⣛⣛⣹⣿⣿⣯⣛⣻⣏⣟⣟⣟⣿⣟⣟⣙⣛⣛⣛⣿⣏⣿⣟⣹⣛⣿⣟⣟⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣛⣻⣿⣿⣻⣉⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⣿⣶⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠖⠀⠂⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣩⣏⣏⣙⣋⣍⣁⣘⣻⣏⣍⣉⣟⣍⣉⣘⣿⣯⣎⣻⣍⣭⣻⣈⣉⣽⣈⣈⣏⣯⣊⣍⣏⣉⣻⣍⣹⣨⣻⣫⣁⣙⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣯⠼⡇⡖⠄⡖⢰⠀⢹⠥⡏⢰⠐⡆⢲⠂⢰⠠⢰⢰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡟⡟⣗⡟⣿⣿⡇⡟⡟⣟⢿⣿⣾⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠈⠁⠉⠀⠉⠈⠈⠉⠀⠉⠈⠀⠁⠈⠁⠈⠀⠈⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣾⣿⣶⣾⣾⣾⣾⣿⣶⣿⣶⣿⣾⣶⣷⣿⣶⣿⣶⣿⣷⣷⣷⣷⣿⣿⣶⣷⣷⣾⣷⣾⣾⣾⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠠⡄⣀⣀⡀⢠⢠⢄⣀⣀⡀⢀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠃⠁⠀⠃⠚⠘⠀⠀⠃⠃⠘⠁⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣫⣯⣽⣥⣿⣼⣧⣿⣾⣼⣯⣷⣷⣷⣿⣧⣿⣽⣭⣯⣿⣽⣿⣼⣧⣽⣭⣯⣽⣥⣿⣤⣿⣸⣷⣿⣽⣼⣾⣼⣿⣾⣧⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⡀⣀⣀⡀⢀⢀⢀⣀⡀⡀⢀⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠈⠃⠀⠀⠃⠘⠘⠀⠀⠃⠃⠘⠁⠚⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣼⣿⣾⣷⣿⣧⣽⣿⣽⣿⣿⣧⣯⣾⣿⣿⣼⣷⣿⣹⣿⣵⣿⣧⣿⣽⣯⣿⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣧⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⢉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⢉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠸⠸⠀⠇⠇⠸⠸⠸⠠⠄⠇⠸⠀⠞⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣸⣦⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣼⣷⣿⣾⣿⣾⣧⣿⣼⣶⣼⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣧⣿⣼⣧⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣯⣿⣿⣽⣽⣯⣿⣶⣿⣼⣧⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⡤⡄⢀⠠⡄⡄⣄⢠⢠⠠⠀⡄⢠⢤⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣼⣧⣿⣯⣿⣭⣿⣼⣼⣿⣭⣯⣿⣼⣼⣿⣿⣿⣦⣇⣿⣼⣧⣧⣿⣯⣿⣵⣾⣤⣿⣹⣿⣧⣿⣬⣿⣮⣏⣾⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣽⣧ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠁⠈⠀⠁⠁⠁⠈⠈⠈⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠉⡏⡅⡇⡫⡇⡋⡫⢹⡷⡿⣿⠶⡇⢽⠉⣿⠉⡯⠋⡭⢹⠉⣿⠭⡯⠫⡝⣿⠨⡏⢹⡏⢙⠽⢸⠅⣿⠩⡇⢽⠭⡿⢹⢽⡏⡭⢹⠝⢩⢯ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠂⠇⠌⠜⠀⠺⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡿⢿⡿⣿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣷⣿⣷⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢲⢰⢠⡄⡄⡄⢲⢰⢠⠠⠤⡄⢠⡄⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⢿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣟⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠈⠈⠀⠁⠁⠈⠈⠈⠀⠀⠁⠈⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣾⣷⣿⣷⣾⣿⣾⣿⣾⣷⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣆⣰⡆⣤⠤⢠⠄⡄⠀⣶⣀⣶⠠⡄⢤⠤⢠⠀⢠⠤⠤⡤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣟⣻⣻⣻⣟⢿⢻⣻⡟⡿⣟⣿⣟⢿⢟⢿⣿⣟⢿⡻⣻⢟⢿⣿⡻⡻⡿⣻⣿⣻⢹⢟⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠇⠼⠇⠿⠥⠸⠄⠧⠄⠿⠤⠿⠨⠇⠸⠄⠼⠤⠸⠭⠤⠏⠣⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣻⣛⣿⣺⣸⣸⣛⣇⣟⣛⣻⣔⣾⣗⣽⣿⣜⣜⣛⣿⣔⣾⣿⣇⣫⣧⣲⣷⣿⣸⣜⣷⣗⣾⣿⣿⣿ ⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⢉⡉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⢉⡉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣒⡇⡏⣉⢉⣁⣸⢚⡇⡇⣉⢸⢀⡏⡁⡷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣸⣯⣿⢷⣿⣿⣿⣏⣯⣿⣿⣏⣿⣯⣿⣿⣝⣯⣿⣏⣯⣿⣹⣟⣽⣏⣿⣿⣹⣿⣏⣿⣹⣽⣿⣏⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣐⡆⡤⠤⠤⠄⢰⣰⡆⡄⠤⢠⠀⡤⠄⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢿⢿⢿⡿⡿⣿⢿⢿⡿⡿⣿⢿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠒⠃⠃⠒⠐⠒⠚⠐⠃⠃⠒⠘⠐⠃⠂⠋⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣾⣿⣷⣣⣿⣾⣾⣷⣣⣟⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⢸⠀⡦⢰⠀⠀⢸⠀⡇⠀⢰⠐⡆⠀⡦⢰⢰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣻⡏⡟⣿⢿⣿⢹⢹⣟⡋⡟⣿⣽⢹⣿⢙⣋⣏⣛⣻⡋⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠏⠹⠀⠆⠸⠀⠀⠸⠈⠇⠀⠰⠀⠇⠀⠇⠼⠺⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⢸⣛⣷⣧⣽⣋⣿⣟⣻⣛⣟⣇⣿⣇⣇⣟⣟⣻⣠⣻⣇⣧⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣖⣰⠂⡄⢠⠠⠄⢰⣒⡖⠤⠤⠤⡄⠀⡄⢠⢤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⢫⢿⣿⣿⢿⢿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⡿⣿⢹⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠓⠘⠀⠃⠘⠐⠂⠘⠀⠃⠒⠘⠂⠃⠀⠃⠚⠈⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣼⣼⣯⣽⣼⣼⣼⣯⣭⣧⣿⣭⣯⣮⣼⣼⣵⣥⣿⣯⣿⣼⣼⣽⣽⣷⣽⣷⣾⣯⣯⣽⣿⣿⣽⣾⣼⣼⣯⣯⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣶⣶⢶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⢶⣶⢶⣶⣶⢶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣸⣻⣿⣹⣿⣿⣇⣟⣿⣿⣸⣹⣸⣿⣻⣿⣿⣸⣿⣗⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣟⣇⣗⣿⣗⣧⣿⣿⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣫⣷⣿⣻⣞⣿⣿⣇⣟⣿⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡯⢼⠑⡶⢰⠒⠂⢸⠭⡏⠒⢲⠒⡖⠀⡖⢰⢲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡿⡟⣿⣟⣽⢻⢻⣿⣯⡟⡏⣾⣿⣿⡹⡻⣿⣿⣻⣿⡿⣿⣿⣽⢻⣫⢟⢯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠈⠉⠉⠈⠉⠉⠈⠉⠉⠉⠈⠁⠉⠁⠉⠉⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣁⣿⠁⣤⢀⠀⡄⢠⡄⠀⢹⣁⣹⡇⢠⠠⢠⡄⠠⡄⠀⢤⢀⠄⡤⢤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⢸⢛⡗⣷⢸⡾⣿⣿⢙⣷⢟⢻⡿⣛⢿⣿⡓⡿⣛⢿⣛⡟⣟⣻⣛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠿⠀⠿⠄⠿⠈⠄⠇⠸⠇⠄⠼⠄⠼⠇⠸⠀⠸⠇⠰⠇⠀⠼⠈⠄⠏⠱⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣟⣰⣙⣇⣛⣸⣃⣿⣿⣘⣟⣻⣛⣧⣒⣼⣿⡇⣧⣒⣺⣧⣽⣠⣿⣒⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠉⠉⠉⠉⡉⢉⢉⢉⢉⡉⡉⣉⠉⠉⡉⢉⡉⣉⢉⡉⠉⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠈⠐⠃⠘⠘⠘⠈⠐⠘⠘⠈⠑⠃⠃⠘⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣧⣿⣼⣿⣴⣿⣯⣼⣧⣿⣿⣼⣯⣿⣿⣾⣼⣯⣿⣵⣿⣧⣾⣿⣧⣼⣧⣾⣿⣼⣧⣿⣧⣿⣧⣿⣽⣿⣼⣯⣧⣿⣴⣧⣿⣧⣿⣧⣿⣯⣾⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠈⠐⠃⠙⠘⠘⠈⠐⠘⠘⠐⠁⠃⠃⠘⠐⠁⠀⠀⠀⣿⣷⣿⣾⣿⣼⣷⣾⣷⣯⣧⣿⣼⣿⣾⣿⣴⣿⣬⣿⣼⣷⣼⣷⣿⣵⣿⣯⣼⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣧⣿⣾⣿⣾⣿⣾⣽⣷⣿⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠠⠂⠆⠸⠸⠸⠣⠂⠸⠹⠑⠓⠏⠇⠸⠡⠁⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣟⣿⣿⣻⣿⣽⣯⣿⣟⣿⣯⣿⣫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣹⣯⣿⣽⣿⣸⣿⣼⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿ ⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⢿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣷⣿⣿⣽⣿⣎⣿⣼⣷⣽⣶⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠤⡄⢀⡀⡀⢠⢠⢀⣀⠀⠀⡀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠐⠂⠑⠃⠃⠘⠘⠘⠘⠀⠐⠃⠘⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣯⣯⣿⣬⣿⣴⣵⣾⣽⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⠉⡉⠉⠉⠉⢉⢉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠈⠀⠀⠂⠃⠘⠘⠘⠘⠀⠀⠃⠘⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣼⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⡄⢀⢠⡄⡀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠿⠛⠟⡛⡟⠛⠻⣛⣻⡻⠛⢿⣟⡟⡟⠟⡿⠟⢿⠻⠛⢻⠻⡛⣛⢟⢻⣛⠟⠛⢿⡻⡛⢛⢻⢻⣛⠟⠻⡻⡛⣿⡟⠛⠛⢛⢛⣻⠟⠻⡻⠛⠻⢟⣟⡿⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠹⡟⠯⢝⢻⠻⠟⠋⢿⠓⠊⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠁⠈⠈⠁⠉⠀⠁⠈⠈⠀⠀⠀⢸⣾⣷⣾⣷⣯⣶⣶⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠆⠰⠰⠆⠶⠀⠆⠰⠰⠂⠀⠀⢸⣉⣉⣹⣉⣏⣉⣹⣙⣽⣉⣘⣏⡙⡏⣏⣉⣯⡩⣽⣙⣩⣍⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⢍⠿⡽⡹⡏⡿⡛⠛⡏⠛⠿⠝⣟⠟⠻⠿⠛⠻⡟⡝⠛⢻⠟⠛⠛⢻⠫⡏⠻⡟⠙⠻⠛⣿⠿⠛⠛⢻⠹⢿⠛⠛⡏⠻⡿⠿⢿⣿⡭⠙⢻⡏⡟⢛⠏⠛⢿⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠁⠈⠈⠁⠀⠁⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣹⣛⣉⣹⣻⣩⣛⡛⣛⣛⣛⣏⣻⣻⣽⣟⣿⣛⣋⣟⣟⣩⣛⣚⣼⣛⣏⣻⡙⣛⣟⣻⣻⣛⣛⣟⣙⣿⣿⣻⣿⣛⣛⣟⣟⣛⣟⣛⣟⣿⣻⣿⣭⣉⣯⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣋⣉⣫⣍⣙⣿⣭⣩⣻⣿⣿⣭⣉⣽⣿⣏⣉⣽⣭⣹⣽⣩⣯⣭⣟⣿⣟⣏⣻⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣫⣉⣉⠋⣉⣹⣿⣩⣻⣿⣍⣉⣙⣙⣭⣯⡙⣩⣯⣹⣏⣿⣯⣽⣿⣏⣯⣟⣛⣟⢏⣏⣯⡉⣹⣟⣻⣻⣛⣝⣟⣉⢋⣯⣿⣯⣝⣻⣟⣍⣛⣟⣻⣟⣝⣫⣟⣿⣙⣫⣿⣽⣿⣋⣋⣩⣍⣋⣿⢿⣛⣿⣽ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣛⣋⣝⣿⣏⣉⣹⣭⣻⣿⣭⣟⣿⣗⣗⣇⣃⣽⣉⣯ ⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣽⣽⣩⣿⣽⣉⣹⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣭⣽⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⠉⡉⠉⠉⡉⠉⢉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠘⠁⠃⠘⠀⠃⠈⠂⠃⠃⠃⠚⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣇⣿⣤⣷⣄⣿⣼⣿⣤⣽⣿⣾⣯⣷⣥⣿⣧⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠉⠉⠉⡉⣉⠉⠉⠉⢉⠉⣉⢉⠉⡉⣉⢉⡉⡉⢉⡉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠈⠘⠘⠀⠃⠘⠀⠛⠀⠂⠃⠂⠐⠀⠋⠘⠃⠀⠀⢸⣿⣾⣧⣯⣿⣾⣾⣿⣼⣷⣮⣿⣿⣯⣾⣿⣿⣾⣧⣾⣿⣧⣿⣧⣿⣇⣿⣴⣿⣼⣿⣧⣼⣿⣬⣿⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢹⣿⣿⠻⡿⢿⡿⣿⡿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣻⠻⣿⠻⣿⢻⡟⢿⣿⣻⢻⣿⡿⣿⢻⡿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⠿⣿⠿⣿⢿⣿⢻⢻⣿⡟⠿⣻⡟⣻⣿⢟⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⢿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣾⣷⡿⣧⡿⣷⣾⣿⣾⢿⣷⣿⡿⣶⣿⣾⣷⣾⣿⣷⣷⣾⣷⣿⣾⣷⣾⣿⢿⣷⣿⣶⣿⣶⣿⣮⣿⣾⣾⣿⣷⣿⣿⣷⣾⡿⣷⣿⣷⣿⣷⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠃⠃⠘⠀⠃⠚⠘⠘⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣾⣧⣴⣧⣿⣦⣿⣶⣔⣧⣼⣧⣿⣧⣿⣶⣿⣦⣽⣸⣽⣵⣮⣿⣴⣧⣿⣧⣿⣼⣧⣿⣤⣿⣇⣿⣴⣴⣮⣿⣦⣿⣴⣼⣿⣼⣧⣿⣯⣴⣿⣴⣭⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⡆⢠⠂⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣭⣿⣽⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣽⣿⣽⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⣯⣽⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣫⣿⣏⣿⣟⣿⣯⣿⣿⣻⣿⣫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⣸⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣿⣭⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡟⡻⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⢿⢻⢿⡿⣻⢻⣿⡿⣻⣿⠛⠟⡏⣿⣩⣟⢛⡿⢛⢟⡟⣿⣿⣭⡝⠻⢻⣿⡻⡽⣻⢛⢻⡻⣿⢹⣻ ⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣧⣿⣶⣷⣾⣶⣾⣷⣷⣷⣿⣷⣷⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣾⣷⣿⣶⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣏⣿⣿⣹⣯⣏⠿⣍⣻⣞⣽⣼⣿⣻⣮⣷⣻⣳⣓⣞⣏⣿⣿⣙⣯⣯⠻⣧⣻⣞⣿⣅⣷⣹⣯⣹⣿⣻⣿⣊⣿⣜⣿⣹⣿⣝⣻⣿⣛⣿⣝⣿⢸⣷⣹⣏⣽⣭⣟⣿⣈⣿⣛⢿⣉⣻⣽⣏⣿⣏⣿⣍ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⡿⣿ ⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠢⠰⠰⠀⠆⠰⠀⠶⠐⠄⠆⠀⠠⠀⠆⠰⠆⠀⠀⢸⣿⣍⣿⡏⣿⣩⣿⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠢⠰⠰⠀⠆⠰⠀⠶⠐⠄⠆⠀⠐⠀⠆⠰⠆⠀⠀⢸⣿⣍⣿⣯⣿⢙⣿⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠢⠰⠰⠀⠆⠰⠀⠶⠐⠄⠆⠀⠐⠀⠆⠰⠆⠀⠀⢸⣿⣍⣿⣭⣿⢙⣿⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠢⠰⠰⠀⠆⢰⠀⡶⠐⠄⡆⠂⠐⠀⡆⠰⠆⠀⠀⢸⣿⣍⣿⣭⣿⢙⣿⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠢⠰⠰⠀⠆⢰⠀⠶⠐⠄⡆⠂⠐⠀⡆⠰⠆⠀⠀⢸⣿⣍⣿⣭⣯⢙⣿⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⡢⢰⢰⡀⠆⢰⠀⡶⠐⠄⡆⣂⢐⡀⡆⢰⡂⠀⠀⢸⣿⣍⣿⣭⣿⢙⣿⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣷⣿⣿⣟⣿⣏⣿⣏⣏⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣟⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣯⡿⣽⣟⣾⣿⣷⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣩⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢀⡀⠀⠤⡀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⢟⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⢻⡻⣿⣿⡿⡿⣟⡿⣿⣿⢿⡿⠿⠿⢿⡿⢿⣿⣿⢿⢿⠿⢿⡿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⢟⢿⢿⠻⢿⡿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠘⠋⠀⠚⠐⠡⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣷⣾⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣷⣷⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣥⣦⣿⣾⣧⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣤⣵⣯⣿⣾⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⡄⡠⢠⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⢛⣿⠻⠙⣻⣿⣛⡟⠏⢿⡛⣟⣛⡿⡿⣟⡟⣟⡻⡿⣟⠻⣿⡛⢛⣿⣿⠛⢻⠛⣛⡟⢫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⢿⢿⢿⠿⢿⠿⠿⢿⢿⣿⢿⠿⡿⣿⢿⠿⢿⢿⠿⠿⢿⢿⣿⣿⠿⡿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠁⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣾⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣶⣷⣾⣾⣶⣿⣷⣶⣶⣾⣷⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠒⠀⠊⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣤⣭⣹⣭⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣭⣽⣽⣭⣭⣯⣿⣧⣤⣩⣿⣯⣿⣬⣭⣿⣫⣽⣤⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠠⠠⠄⠤⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⣿⠍⢛⠛⠛⢿⢩⢿⠛⠛⢙⣟⣻⢻⣿⢛⣿⠿⡟⠿⣿⣿⠻⣿⣿⣿⣛⢻⣿⢿⣿⠻⣿⣿⣽⣿⣟⡟⠻⣿⣿⢟⠛⣛⣿⠿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣟⣛⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠰⠠⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣏⣻⣍⣛⣿⣿⣟⣏⣹⢹⣝⣭⣉⣭⣉⣻⣉⣉⣉⣛⣉⣉⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⡯⡽⢛⣹⡛⠛⣻⣟⠏⡿⢻⢻⣟⢛⢻⡛⣻⣿⡛⣻⣿⢿⢻⠙⣻⠟⠛⢛⢿⠫⡿⢛⣻⣿⣿⢟⡛⣿⡛⡛⡿⣿⣿⣟⢛⢻⣿⣏⠛⠛⣛⡿⣿⡿⣫⣻⠟⠟⡿⠟⣛ ⠉⠉⠉⡉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣉⣉⢉⡉⡉⠉⠉⣿⣿⣿⠟⡿⠿⡿⡟⣿⣿⢿⣿⠿⠿⢿⠿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣶⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠘⠃⠀⠀⠀⣿⣤⣬⣧⣧⣤⣼⣯⣾⣼⣼⣤⣤⣴⣯⣽⣷⣦⣼⣿⣤⣤⣥⣧⣷⣧⣧⣤⣼⣾⣽⣤⣯⣬⣽⣮⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠖⠰⠆⠀⠀⠀⣿⣽⣽⣩⣹⣙⣯⣯⣏⣯⣻⣏⣙⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠿⡿⡟⠛⢛⡿⣿⢛⠛⡛⠛⠛⢻⢻⢟⢻⠛⢛⠛⢛⢻⢿⣿⢿⠛⢛⡿⢻⢿⣛⠻⡿⣟⢻⣛⣿⡿⡛⡿⡿⡛⡟⡛⠛⣿⡿⡿⠻⠟⣛⡿⡛⢟⢿⢻⡿⢛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠈⠀⠉⠉⠈⠁⠁⠀⠀⣿⣍⣯⢉⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣩⣯⣋⣽⣯⣭⣍⣍⣿⣫⣹⣽⣟⣙⣻⣯⣍⢉⣫⣿⣽⣍⣭⣟⡏⣭⣏⣭⣯⣋⣙⣝⣍⣭⣏⣯⣟⣉⣹⣩⣭⣿⣍⡉⣹⢙⣍⣛⣯⣉⣹⢭⣽⣿⣩⣭⣯⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣗⣋⣉⣹⣿⣯⣹⣉⣩⣻⣓⣭⣏⣹⣽⣿⣭⣽⣙⣟⣘⣟⣏⣝⣈⣿⣿⣯⣃⣋⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠠⠤⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣋⣛⣛⣟⣟⣿⣻⣛⣿⣟⣋⣹⣿⣿⣟⣻⣿⣏⣿⣻⣿⣏⣿⣿⣛⣙⣿⣋⣛⣙⣟⣿⡻⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⡀⠀⠀⡀⠀⡀⠀⠀⣿⢿⡿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⡿⣿⠿⡿⡿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠉⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣷⣶⣶⣾⣿⣽⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠆⠀⠖⠀⠠⠆⠠⠀⠀⠀⣟⣩⣽⣻⣟⣩⣟⣟⣍⣏⣉⣽⣻⣛⣿⣿⣋⣉⣩⣏⣅⣁⣩⣉⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⡀⠀⢀⡀⡀⣀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⡿⠿⢿⢻⣿⡿⡿⠿⢿⢿⡿⠿⠿⠿⣿⢿⠿⠿⡿⠿⡿⡿⠿⠿⣿⠟⠿⢿⣿⣿⢿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⠻⠿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠘⠁⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣤⣼⣮⣤⣼⣤⣤⣦⣧⣄⣼⣾⣿⣶⣶⣧⣷⣷⣤⣼⣿⣾⣭⣬⣼⣶⣧⣵⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠠⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡋⡛⠙⣿⢻⣿⣿⣋⣛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⢿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣾⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠆⠀⠖⠀⠠⠆⠠⠀⠀⠀⣯⣿⣋⣻⣋⣹⣽⣏⣙⣉⣻⣋⣁⣹⣻⣿⣭⣟⣏⣋⣩⣹⣉⣹⣩⣻⣋⣏⣙⣿⣍⣍⣹⣭⣭⣟⣉⣇⣉⣽⣋⣉⣈⣿⣋⣹⣈⣙⣻⣫⣅⣹⣏⣉⣇⣛⣿⣯⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡻⢻⣿⠿⠟⠿⣿⢟⠿⢟⡿⢟⠿⡿⢻⢻⡟⠟⢛⣿⢻⡟⠻⢿⡟⠛⢟⣿⣿⠿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣷⣶⣾⣷⣿⣶⣶⣶⣷⣾⣶⣷⣶⣾⣷⣶⣾⣶⣶⢶⣷⣮⣵⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣶⣄⣛⣛⣀⣀⣦⣄⠿⣎⣱⣪⣀⣪⣘⣂⣗⣇⣿⣂⣀⣮⣹⣏⣂⣠⣲⣉⣆⣸⣅⣃⣿⣠⣠⣺⣐⣎⣆⡼⢇⣴⣄⣒⣚⣀⣐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⠒⠂⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣉⣀⡀⠀⡀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠉⠁⠁⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣯⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣭⣭⣽⣿⣯⣿⣩⣿⣿⣯⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣯⣽⣿⣭⣽⣽⣿⣿⣭⣭⣿⣿⣿⣭⣿⣿⣽⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿⣽⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1207 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.20.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Links_20/08/2023:_Ethernet_Switch_Based_on_Milk-V_(Based_on_Free_Chip Design)⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 1:09 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * GNU/Linux o Desktop/Laptop o Applications o Instructionals/Technical o Games * Distributions_and_Operating_Systems o SUSE/OpenSUSE o Canonical/Ubuntu_Family o Devices/Embedded o Open_Hardware/Modding o Mobile_Systems/Mobile_Applications * Free,_Libre,_and_Open_Source_Software o Programming/Development * Leftovers o Education o Hardware o Health/Nutrition/Agriculture o Proprietary/Artificial_Intelligence_(AI) o Security # Privacy/Surveillance o Defence/Aggression o Environment # Energy/Transportation # Wildlife/Nature o Finance o AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics o Censorship/Free_Speech o Freedom_of_Information_/_Freedom_of_the_Press o Civil_Rights/Policing o Digital_Restrictions_(DRM) o Monopolies # Trademarks # Copyrights * § GNU/Linux⠀➾ o ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Linux,_Running_On_Not_A_Lot⠀⇛ There are many possible answers to the question of what the lowest-powered hardware on which Linux could run might be, but it’s usually a pre-requisite for a Linux- capable platform to have a memory management unit, or MMU. That’s not the whole story though, because there are microcontroller-focused variants of the kernel which don’t require an MMU, including one for the Xtensa cores found on many Espressif chips. It’s this that [Naveen] is using to produce a computer which may not be the Linux computer with the lowest processor power, but could be the one consuming the least electrical power. The result is definitely not a Linux powerhouse, but with its Arduino-sourced ESP32 board stacked on an UNO and I2C keyboard and display, it’s an extremely lightweight device. The question remains, though, is it more than a curiosity, and to what can it do? The chief advantage it has over its competitors such as the Raspberry Pi Zero comes in low power consumption, but can its cut-down Linux offer as much as a full-fat version? We are guessing that some commenters below will know the answer. o § Desktop/Laptop⠀➾ # ⚓ Windows Central ☛ Even_Linux_users_can_get_a_Microsoft Surface-alike_now_|_Windows_Central⠀⇛ The design, and most likely also the construction, doesn’t quite hit Surface levels, but from the early images it doesn’t look bad at all. The display is a 2880 x 1920 resolution panel, which itself is amazing for something this affordable. It also promises 16GB of RAM, and storage is available from 512GB up to 2TB. o § Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ Make Use Of ☛ The_6_Best_Spelling_and_Grammar_Checkers_for Linux⠀⇛ Grammarly is everyone’s go-to tool for vocabulary and grammar correction. Unfortunately, Grammarly’s desktop app does not work on Linux, which is one of the primary reasons Linux users look for Grammarly alternatives. There are a few Linux native apps, which work seamlessly as alternatives, and most of all, they get the work done in the easiest ways. If you are looking for a grammar app to run on your Linux PC, then it’s time for you to consider a few of these Linux-friendly grammar applications. o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾ # ⚓ Vermaden ☛ Quick_DBUS_Fix⠀⇛ Recently I again started to have some DBUS issues. Like GIMP opening a new instance everytime instead of just opening next file as a tab. After some investigation it seems that because DBUS got broken – example output from terminal for Caja file manager from Mate. # ⚓ Terence Eden ☛ Let’s_build_a_website_using_XML!⠀⇛ It is 2023. XHTML is dead and buried. HTML is a “living standard” with billions of users. So what kind of idiot would want to build a website using XML? Me. I am that idiot. # ⚓ Software Is Crap ☛ Escape_from_System_D,_episode_VIII:_the Road_Behind_is_Longer⠀⇛ Ok, well. This has certainly been a long time coming. According to my records (in the form of blog posts mainly) I first announced Dinit to the wider world in June 2017. By that time I’d been working on it for around 2 years already – as a hobby, on-and-off. Development has continued, at what sometimes feels like a glacial pace, since then: I simply don’t have as much time that I’d like to be able to devote to it (nor the funds to be able to put aside bread-winning concerns in order to make that time). That initial announcement was met with some encouragement, and some derision. I had set lofty goals, and there were plenty who were happy to fire snide remarks, criticise my level of experience (even if they knew nothing about me), attack my choice of programming language, accuse me of hubris, etc. But the encouragement was enough to offset it! I’ll be ever grateful who simply said “good luck!” and told me to ignore the trolls. Some of them also offered great advice. However, I won’t talk about the history further; I’ve covered it in other blog posts. What’s more important is what has been happening more recently. # ⚓ Adriaan Roselli ☛ Styling_Links_and_Buttons⠀⇛ I made a tutorial for styling links and buttons, something which many developers have struggled with (resulting in links used as buttons and buttons used as links). I have embedded it on this page, but if you are coming in with your RSS reader you can visit the tutorial directly and walk through it there. # ⚓ Chris Hannah ☛ Blog_Update⠀⇛ As you may have known, my blog has been powered by Ghost for a few years. It’s definitely served me well. However, a while ago I started to like the idea of static sites. Seeing as my blog is essentially a list of static posts, it felt a bit weird that the pages were being served dynamically. So, I started on the journey of moving to Hugo. # ⚓ ansible-core_>=_2.15.3-1_update_may_require_manual intervention⠀⇛ As of ansible-core 2.15.3, upstream moved documentation and examples to a separate dedicated repository (see the related changelogs). This means that, starting from version 2.15.3 the ansible-core package will stop shipping documentation and a default configuration example under /etc/ansible/ ansible.cfg. # ⚓ Linux Handbook ☛ Get_Script_Directory_Location_in_Bash⠀⇛ In a situation where your bash script needs to get the directory location where it is located? # ⚓ TecMint ☛ 2_Useful_Tools_to_Count_Lines_of_Source_Code_in Programming_Languages⠀⇛ In the realm of software development, managing and understanding codebase metrics is crucial for maintaining code quality, optimizing performance, and ensuring efficient collaboration among development teams. Tools that assist in analyzing and quantifying code statistics play a pivotal role in this process. Two prominent tools that have gained traction for their simplicity and effectiveness are “SLOC, CLOC, and Code” or simply “scc” and “CLOC” (Count Lines of Code).Table of ContentsToggleWhat is scc?What is Cloc?Install Sloc Cloc and Code (scc) in LinuxInstall Cloc on LinuxCount Lines of Code in FileOther Code CountersConclusion # ⚓ LinuxTechi ☛ How_to_Install_Ansible_on_Ubuntu_22.04_Step- by-Step⠀⇛ # ⚓ OSNote ☛ Handle_Gmail_with_Roundcube_Webmail_User_Agent⠀⇛ In this tutorial we will describe how to install and configure the latest version of the Roundcube Webmail User Agent in Debian to manage emails from one of the most popular email services, Google Gmail. # ⚓ RoseHosting ☛ How_to_Install_SuiteCRM_on_Ubuntu_22.04⠀⇛ Suite CRM is an open-source Customer Relationship Management system written in PHP. Suite CRM is an extended version of SugarCRM and was developed when SugarCRM stopped its open-sourced version. Now, Suite CRM as a system offers a variety of new modules such as Products, Quotes, Teams Security, Responsive Theme, and many more. In this tutorial, we are going to explain in step- by-step detail how to install SuiteCRM with LAMP stack on Ubuntu 22.04 OS. Let’s get started! # ⚓ Make Use Of ☛ The_5_Best_Linux_Tools_for_Directory Bursting⠀⇛ In the reconnaissance stage of every web application pentest, it is essential to find possible directories on the application. These directories might hold significant information and findings that would help you greatly to find vulnerabilities in the application and improve its security. Luckily, there are tools on the internet that make directory brute-forcing easier, automated, and faster. Here are five directory-bursting tools on Linux to enumerate hidden directories on a web application. # ⚓ Electronics Weekly ☛ Tribulations_on_the_road_to_running UGS_under_Mint_Linux⠀⇛ Last weekend, I spent many hours banging my head against software, trying to get Universal G-code sender to run with Mint Linux. # ⚓ How_to_Delete_Files_and_Directories_in_Linux⠀⇛ Deleting files and directories is an essential skill you must have as a Linux user. While it’s not hard, you can get more out of the needed Linux commands once you learn how to use them properly. In this tutorial, we’ll show you the different ways you can delete files and directories in Linux. Let’s get started! o § Games⠀➾ # ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ ARMORED_CORE_VI_FIRES_OF_RUBICON_rated Steam_Deck_Playable_ahead_of_release⠀⇛ ARMORED CORE VI FIRES OF RUBICON is a seriously exciting upcoming release from the ELDEN RING developer FromSoftware. Seems it will run well enough on Steam Deck at release! # ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ Linux_players_getting_banned_on_Apex Legends_again⠀⇛ Respawn have begun another little ban wave or they’ve tweaked something in their anti-cheat that Linux / Steam Deck players are getting caught in for Apex Legends. # ⚓ GamingOnLinux ☛ Proton_Experimental_updated_for_August_18 fixing_up_more_regressions⠀⇛ Valve continue cleaning up regressions with a new Proton Experimental release put up on August 18th, so here’s what’s been sorted this time. * § Distributions and Operating Systems⠀➾ o § SUSE/OpenSUSE⠀➾ # ⚓ Slashdot ☛ SUSE_To_Flip_Back_Into_Private_Ownership⠀⇛ # ⚓ WRAL Techwire ☛ Linux_developer_SUSE,_which_is_involved_in Red_Hat_fight,_moves_to_go_private_|_WRAL_TechWire⠀⇛ One of the companies fighting with Red Hat over changes affecting Red Hat Enterprise Linux, is going private. SUSE is seeking to delist from the Frankfurt Stock Exchange, reports ITPro.com. Such a move “will allow SUSE to focus fully on its operational priorities and execution of its long- term strategy,” SUSE says, according to the report. “The company has also waded into the Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) furor, first with plans to invest over $10 million into a fork of RHEL and, most recently, by forming the Open Enterprise Linux Association (OpenELA) with Oracle and CIQ,” ITPro adds. o § Canonical/Ubuntu Family⠀➾ # ⚓ It’s FOSS ☛ Ubuntu_23.10:_Release_Date_and_New_Features⠀⇛ This is that time of the year when we wait for one of Ubuntu’s upcoming non-LTS releases. Code-named Ubuntu 23.10 ‘Mantic Minotaur,’ features an impressive set of new features and improvements. Ubuntu 23.10 will be released on October 12, 2023. Here, we will highlight some of the critical changes expected to arrive with Ubuntu 23.10. # ⚓ XDA ☛ What_is_Ubuntu?_The_ins_and_outs_of_one_of_the_most popular_Linux_distros⠀⇛ You’ve probably heard of Linux even if you haven’t used it, and while it is often talked about as an alternative to Windows, Linux isn’t just one thing. There are lots of different implementations of Linux, and one of the most popular is Ubuntu, which advertises itself as the Linux operating system for data centers, enterprise PCs, regular desktops and laptops, and more. Here’s everything you need to know about Ubuntu. One of the somewhat confusing things about Linux is that it’s often pitched as Windows’s primary rival, but strictly speaking there isn’t some Linux OS you install on your computer. Instead, there are lots of implementations of Linux called distributions or distros, and these distros are how you access the Linux software ecosystem. Ubuntu is a Linux distro, but it isn’t Linux itself. Linux on its own is merely a kernel that can provide the underlying basis of an operating system. Technically you could just run the kernel, but as a user there wouldn’t be anything to interface with: no windows, no taskbar, nothing. Ubuntu and other distros exist on top of the Linux kernel and provide that user interface and everything else that makes an OS an OS. o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾ # ⚓ Linux Gizmos ☛ SECO’s_3.5”_Rockchip-based_SBC_offers_dual GbE_ports⠀⇛ For networking, the Saylor SBC features two Gigabit Ethernet ports, implemented using the TI DP83867 Ethernet PHY on an RGMII interface. This SECO SBC also offers optional on-board wireless capabilities, including an M.2 1216 module for WLAN 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac and Bluetooth 5.0. Furthermore, an M.2 Socket 2 Key B is available for LTE modules. The product page indicates that the SAYLOR supports Linux Yocto and Android. The embedded device is available in multiple temperature ranges, including commercial, extended and industrial variants. o § Open Hardware/Modding⠀➾ # ⚓ Andrew Hutchings ☛ Amiga_4000_Restoration_x2:_Part_8⠀⇛ With one machine down and with what, I think, is the diagnosis of the final issue with the second one, it is time for the home stretch. # ⚓ Raspberry Pi ☛ Small_satellites_and_big_antennas⠀⇛ Over the last decade or so the definition of what a ‘small satellite’ is has ballooned beyond the original cubesat design specification to embrace satellites of 50 or 100 kg or more. Today a ‘smallsat’ is defined far more by its cost, and sometimes the technologies used, than the size and shape of the box that goes into orbit; and over the next few years the number of small satellites in orbit is going to rise exponentially. # ⚓ Linux Gizmos ☛ Milk-V_Unveils_World’s_First_RISC-V_Open Source_10G_Ethernet_Switch⠀⇛ Milk-V recently released specifications for the Milk-V Vega which is described as the first RISC- V 10 Gigabit Ethernet Switch implemented on the FSL1030M network switch chip. The company also mentions that the device is built on an open-source Linux system. o § Mobile Systems/Mobile Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ Hindustan Times ☛ Fresh_look!_Google_Docs,_Sheets,_and Slides_shine_with_new_updates_on_Android_|_Tech_News⠀⇛ # ⚓ Ghacks ☛ Mozilla_disables_Pull-to-refresh_by_default_in Firefox_for_Android⠀⇛ # ⚓ GSM Arena ☛ One_UI_6_based_on_Android_14_beta_for_Galaxy S22_series_is_inching_closer_to_launch_–_GSMArena.com_news⠀⇛ # ⚓ Hindustan Times ☛ New_stealthy_Android_malware_stumps antivirus,_poses_huge_threat_to_phones,_study_reveals_|_Tech News⠀⇛ # ⚓ SlashGear ☛ How_To_Customize_Your_Android_Auto_Display⠀⇛ # ⚓ SlashGear ☛ Android_Phone_Not_Connecting_To_Your_Computer? Here’s_How_To_Fix_It⠀⇛ # ⚓ GSM Arena ☛ Weekly_poll_results:_Android_Auto_is_the_fan favorite,_Apple_CarPlay_also_has_its_fans_–_GSMArena.com news⠀⇛ # ⚓ Phone Arena ☛ Teens_believe_that_Android_phones_are_for_old people_and_parents_only_–_PhoneArena⠀⇛ * § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾ o ⚓ Nzyme.org ☛ Development_Update_002⠀⇛ We are back from Las Vegas and had a great time at BSides as well as at DEF CON. Teams on site ran the latest nzyme alpha release to monitor the local WiFi environment. Things worked even better than expected and we took a ton of experience and new ideas home. o § Programming/Development⠀➾ # ⚓ Dan Cowell ☛ Breaking_the_rules:_I_threw_away_10_months_of work_after_2_months_on_the_job.⠀⇛ Our JavaScript bundle size was 168mb on a good day. The development environment took 3 minutes to become responsive on a top-of-the-line MacBook Pro. Engineers would regularly come in to work, type npm run dev and go for a coffee while their machine’s fans tried and failed to keep up with the demands placed on them by our bloated project. Where did it go so wrong? # ⚓ Daniel Lemire ☛ Transcoding_Latin_1_strings_to_UTF- 8_strings_at_12_GB/s_using_AVX-512⠀⇛ Though most strings online today follow the Unicode standard (e.g., using UTF-8), the Latin 1 standard is still in widespread inside some systems (such as browsers). It captures the first 256 characters from the Unicode standard and represents them as a single byte per character. In a previous blog post, we examined how we could convert UTF-8 strings to Latin 1. I want to examine the reverse problem, the transcoding of Latin 1 strings to UTF-8. We receive a byte array, and each byte is one character. There is no need for any validation. However, some characters (the ASCII characters) are mapped to one byte whereas all others should be mapped to two bytes. # ⚓ MaskRay ☛ My_involvement_with_LLVM_17⠀⇛ LLVM 17 will soon be relased. This post provides a summary of my contributions in this release cycle to record my learning progress. * § Leftovers⠀➾ o ⚓ Daniel Miessler ☛ What_I’m_Doing_and_How_It’s_Going⠀⇛ I’ve needed to write this for a long time, for multiple reasons. 1. Lots of people have been asking what the hell I’m doing. Like do I work somewhere? What do I actually do all day? 2. Tons of my friends are either miserable at work or are getting laid off 3. I believe that the time for being identified by—and tied to—corporate jobs is passing, and it’s time to transition to what comes next I want to cover each of those and then talk about what we can do about it. o ⚓ [Repeat] Tedium ☛ Magalogs_&_Mailboxes⠀⇛ Today in Tedium: We live in a world where the lines between marketing and journalism are constantly blurred. Sometimes content drives marketing; sometimes marketing drives content. Trying to find an objective middle? Now that’s hard. But there was once a time when the objective middle was much more obvious, where you knew what you were getting. So, where did the lines begin to blur? One could point to the infomercials of the ’90s or native advertising of the 2010s, but the point where things got really interesting might have come in the form of a trend that explicitly merged art and commerce in a way that ensured we’d never again be able to tear them apart. Today’s Tedium discusses the “magalog,” an unholy merger of content and sales that once dominated the marketing world. — Ernie @ Tedium o § Education⠀➾ # ⚓ uni Michigan ☛ Academic_Innovation_aids_13_projects_that use_educational_technology⠀⇛ The Center for Academic Innovation is providing funds and in-kind support and expertise to 13 new projects to help implement educational technology that enhances learning. # ⚓ Thorsten Ball ☛ Is_looking_cool_underrated_in_education?⠀⇛ A couple weeks ago, on social media, a dad was talking about the best materials to teach his kid how to program. It’s a very interesting thread and I recommend reading it. What stood out to me: most of the learning materials just don’t look cool. Let me be clear. I do NOT mean that they don’t look good, or that they don’t look like great learning resources, or that they aren’t valuable and a lot of work went into them. I mean exactly what I wrote: they don’t look cool. # ⚓ Jacobin Magazine ☛ US_Colleges_and_Universities_Are Becoming_Giant_Exploitation_Machines⠀⇛ Since the 1970s, many colleges and universities have become predatory financial giants, while mountains of student debt pile up and academic work becomes ever more precarious. An ascendant academic labor movement may be key to reversing these trends. # ⚓ [Repeat] Arun Raghavan ☛ To_Conference_Organisers Everywhere…⠀⇛ But if you’re in my position, you need at least 2- 3 months between the first and the last step. If your attendance is conditional on speaking at the conference (for example, if your company will only sponsor you if you’re speaking), then you need a minimum of 2-3 months between when speakers are notified and the conference starts. From what I see, this is not something that is top- of-mind for conference organisers. That may happen for a host of perfectly understandable reasons, but it also has a cost to the community and individuals who might want to participate. # ⚓ Axios ☛ America’s_empty_classrooms⠀⇛ School districts across the country are staring down another year with dire teacher shortages. The big picture:The teaching profession faces an existential crisis. Turnover rates are high, and not enough young people want to become teachers. o § Hardware⠀➾ # ⚓ Tom’s Hardware ☛ Russian_Baikal_Electronics_Set_to_Take_on Nvidia_with_AI_ASICs⠀⇛ After failing to develop competitive CPUs, Baikal kicks off development of AI ASICs. # ⚓ Matt Rickard ☛ The_Truth_About_GPU_Utilization⠀⇛ The truth is that GPU, CPU, RAM, and every other compute resource is probably at less than 50% utilization in any organization. There are plenty of exceptions — training jobs, for example — but this is the norm. # ⚓ Tom’s Hardware ☛ Raspberry_Pi_KVM_Powers_On_16_Mac_Minis with_8_Servos⠀⇛ The Pi is connected to 8 individual servo motors that are responsible for activating the power switch on two Mac Minis a piece. The Raspberry Pi is fitted with a PiKVM HAT so it does more than just power on the Mac Minis. This also meant that developing a custom case was necessary to support the additional hardware. o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾ # ⚓ Computers Are Bad ☛ 2023-08-19_meanwhile_elsewhere⠀⇛ I had meant to write something today, but I’m just getting over a case of the COVID and had a hard time getting to it. # ⚓ The Kent Stater ☛ Staying_safe_on_and_off_campus_this_new semester⠀⇛ Before COVID-19, Kent State was ranked as the safest campus in Ohio – and the 25th safest college in the nation – according to Sgt. Tricia Knoles from the university’s police department. # ⚓ US News And World Report ☛ The_#1_Enemy_of_Good_Sleep_for School_Kids:_Screens⠀⇛ Video games and social media are keeping school kids up at night, according to a new survey from the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM). But so, too, are more constructive pursuits, including homework and extracurricular activities, which can be a problem when it comes to setting a good sleep routine early in the school year. o § Proprietary/Artificial Intelligence (AI)⠀➾ # ⚓ India Times ☛ Google_will_delete_accounts_that_remain inactive_for_two_years_starting_December_1⠀⇛ This change starts rolling out now, and will apply to any Google Account that’s been inactive, “meaning it has not been signed into or used within a two-year period”. An inactive account and any content in it will be eligible for deletion from December 1, 2023, the tech giant said. # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ Need_a_decent_dining_spot_in_Ottawa? Microsoft_suggested_a_food_bank⠀⇛ Microsoft declined to elaborate further on what type of “algorithmic techniques” it employed to produce the piece and others like it. Unsurprisingly, folks at the Ottawa Food Bank weren’t too pleased. # ⚓ The Verge ☛ Microsoft_says_listing_the_Ottawa_Food_Bank_as a_tourist_destination_wasn’t_the_result_of_‘unsupervised AI’⠀⇛ “Needless to say, this is not the type of messaging or ‘story’ we would ever put out or wish to be included in,” Samantha Koziara, communications manager at the Ottawa Food Bank, said in a statement to The Verge on Thursday. “The ‘empty stomach’ line is clearly insensitive and didn’t pass by a (human) editor. To my knowledge, we haven’t seen something like this before — but as AI gets more and more popular, I don’t doubt an increased number inaccurate / inappropriate references will be made in listicles such as this. This simply highlights the importance of researchers, writers, and editors… of the human variety.” # ⚓ Vox ☛ San_Francisco’s_robotaxi_experiment_is_getting_out_of hand⠀⇛ On August 10, the California Public Utilities Commission handed Cruise and Waymo a victory by allowing them to operate across San Francisco at all hours and charge fares. During a six-and-a- half-hour hearing, hundreds of residents testified for and against the robotaxis. Supporters claimed they were safer and more reliable than human-driven vehicles, and disabled people said they were more accessible, especially for service animals. Opponents, including transit and fire officials, argued that the taxis had repeatedly gotten in the way of emergency responders and had become a nuisance. # § Windows TCO⠀➾ # ⚓ The Register UK ☛ FYI:_There’s_another_BlackCat ransomware_variant_on_the_prowl⠀⇛ The BlackCat malware works on Windows and Linux, and is rented out to criminals, who break into targets and run the data-stealing malware, making it a ransomware-as-a-service operation. Under this business model, the affiliates pay to use the malware developed by operators in their attacks, and then the affiliates earn a cut of the proceeds if the victims pay the ransoms. o § Security⠀➾ # ⚓ IT Pro Today ☛ Linux_Malware:_What_To_Know_About_the Malware_Threat [Ed: Projecting Windows issues onto "Linux"]⠀⇛ Linux is often praised for its enhanced security compared to other operating systems. Nevertheless, IT professionals must never assume that Linux is immune to threats. Due to widespread adoption in critical infrastructure, Linux has drawn the attention of advanced persistent threat (APT) groups aiming to breach its security. Additionally, Linux finds use in various IoT devices. One of the largest cyberattacks in history involved the “Mirai” malware, which exploited vulnerabilities in devices running Linux. # ⚓ Tesla_notifies_employees_of_data_breach⠀⇛ Tesla has started notifying current and former employees who were affected by a data breach that occurred in May. The company conducted an investigation and found that two former employees had misappropriated confidential information in violation of Tesla’s IT security and data protection policies. As a result, Tesla has filed lawsuits against the former employees and has seized their electronic devices containing the stolen information. To prevent further use or dissemination of the data, Tesla has obtained court orders prohibiting the former employees from accessing or sharing the information, subject to criminal penalties. Additionally, Tesla discovered that the two former employees had shared the stolen data with a German newspaper, Handelsblatt. However, Handelsblatt assured Tesla that they will not publish the information and are legally prohibited from using it inappropriately. # ⚓ Data Breaches ☛ Snatch_Team_starts_really_detailing_their attacks_and_ups_the_ante_for_those_who_don’t_pay_up⠀⇛ Snatch Team has recently been exploring some novel uses of Telegram. Unlike other groups that use Telegram mainly to list new leaks, Snatch is providing commentaries and analyses of their breaches and more educational materials for readers. Some of their commentaries on specific incidents can be fodder for any lawsuits against the companies or entities they breached because they point out security failures that plaintiffs’ lawyers will appreciate. And some of CyberSnatch’s comments seem designed to help insurers avoid having to reimburse clients, which is a somewhat novel approach. # ⚓ Boston Globe ☛ After_cyber_breach,_Point32Health_suffers financial_losses⠀⇛ A crippling cyber attack at the state’s second- largest insurer not only interrupted operations for months but also pummeled the insurer’s financials. For the six months ending in June, Point32Health reported a $102.7 million operating loss on $4.8 billion in revenue. Those results compare to a $25.8 million operating loss on $4.9 billion in revenue in the same period the previous year. The most recent earnings capture nearly the full timespan of the ransomware attack and cyber security breach that hamstrung operations at one of Point32′s insurers, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care, from mid-April through much of July. # ⚓ Data Breaches ☛ Two_more_attacks_involving_sensitive_data: a_plastic_surgery_center_in_Brazil_and_a_psychiatric_hospital in_Lithuania⠀⇛ This week, DataBreaches spotted a listing for data from a Brazilian plastic surgery practice. The seller, who calls himself “TheSnake,” claims to have 1.3 TB of files from RobertoPolizzo.com. [...] A sample of files was uploaded as proof of claims. DataBreaches notes that all the files appeared to be password-protected. DataBreaches sent an email inquiry to Dr. Polizzi yesterday about the claimed attack but received no reply. # ⚓ PR Newswire ☛ May_2023_Data_Security_Incident_Public Notice⠀⇛ Bunker Hill Community College (“BHCC”) confirmed today that the college experienced a data incident in May 2023 and will issue notices to affected individuals and relevant state and federal agencies about the incident. On May 23, 2023, BHCC detected irregular activity on certain BHCC systems that was consistent with a ransomware attack. BHCC immediately responded to the situation by taking the affected systems offline, engaging data security and privacy experts, contacting law enforcement, and simultaneously beginning an investigation. BHCC personnel were able to stop the unauthorized activity from spreading and contained the incident to a limited number of BHCC systems. BHCC’s backups were not affected by the incident, and BHCC personnel were able to restore BHCC’s network from those backups without any data loss. As a credit to the existing safeguards that BHCC had in place, BHCC personnel successfully and safely restored BHCC’s network, enabling BHCC to continue with its academic calendar without any delay. Due to the complexity of the unauthorized activity, BHCC’s investigation is still ongoing; however, out of an abundance of caution, BHCC is providing this notice. Based on the information BHCC generally collects and maintains for students, applicants, and personnel, data including names, addresses, dates of birth, social security numbers, education records, and other personal information may potentially be involved. However, BHCC’s investigation is ongoing and specific details as to what categories of information were involved are not yet available. Note that this describes general categories of information collected and maintained by BHCC, and it likely includes categories that are not relevant to each individual. As soon as BHCC is able, individual notification letters will be mailed to affected individuals with further details. If you do not receive a letter, this indicates that your information was not involved in the incident. # ⚓ Ars Technica ☛ Real_estate_markets_scramble_following cyberattack_on_listings_provider⠀⇛ Home buyers, sellers, real estate agents, and listing websites throughout the US have been stymied for five days by a cyberattack on a California company that provides a crucial online service used to track home listings. The attack, which commenced last Wednesday, hit Rapottoni, a software and services provider that supplies Multiple Listing Services to regional real estate groups nationwide. Better known as MLS, it provides instant access to data on which homes are coming to the market, purchase offers, and sales of listed homes. MLS has become essential for connecting buyers to sellers and to the agents and listing websites serving them. # ⚓ PC Mag ☛ Haggling_With_Hackers:_Surprising_Lessons_From_50 Negotiations_With_Ransomware_Gangs⠀⇛ The prevailing wisdom from cybersecurity experts is that trying to negotiate with ransomware hackers is a bad idea, but on December 30, 2020, one victim broke the rules and gave it a shot. “Help?” they typed into one of the compromised computers. “Hello,” one of the hackers replied. “Are you ready to negotiate? Your network and all of your data were encrypted by [the] CONTI team. Besides the encryption process, we’ve downloaded a large pack of your internal documents and files that will be published in case our negotiations fail. The recovery price is $8,500,000.” # ⚓ Health_Data_and_Investigations:_Between_a_Rock_and_a_Hard Place⠀⇛ Demands for medical records can stem from a variety of investigations, which can involve a myriad of sources. The most recent example driving headlines is an investigation involving Vanderbilt University Medical Center (“VUMC”). VUMC disclosed records concerning treatment of transgender patients to the Tennessee Attorney General. According to the Attorney General, an investigation of alleged billing irregularities was launched. The investigation stemmed from allegations of improper coding practices that were purportedly revealed by a VUMC clinician on social media posts. # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ uni Michigan ☛ New_policy_outlines_research_data stewardship_expectations⠀⇛ The university has created a new policy, effective Jan. 1, 2024, setting expectations and guidance for research data stewardship, focusing on issues of ownership, sharing and retention. # ⚓ Ruben Schade ☛ Drive_encryption_is_no_panacea⠀⇛ It’s another classic example of a no with an if, or yes with a but, followed by a discussion about their threat domain. Or in English, what is it you’re trying to protect, and from whom. # ⚓ Silicon Angle ☛ Doing_business_in_Europe?_Time_to focus_on_its_new_Digital_Services_Act_–_now⠀⇛ The DSA makes modifications to a decades-old eCommerce Directive and tries to bring the laws of EU member nations into a coherent and unified approach, especially how online businesses handle illegally posted content, disinformation and online ads. “Businesses will use new simple and effective mechanisms for flagging illegal content and goods that infringe their rights, including intellectual property rights, or compete on an unfair level,” according to the EU directives issued last year. Part of these rules include new mechanisms to enforce “know your customer” methods. The EU has this fact sheet for businesses that’s worth studying for more specifics. “Tech platforms will have to respond to the DSA regulations,” says privacy specialist Tom Kemp. “I don’t see anything happening in the U.S., nor with any new federal privacy laws enacted.” One of the more notable circumstances is that the noncompliance penalties could result in substantial fines, with up to 6% of a company’s global annual revenue that could be levied. o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾ # ⚓ The Atlantic ☛ The_Constitution_Prohibits_Trump_From_Ever Being_President_Again⠀⇛ Having thought long and deeply about the text, history, and purpose of the Fourteenth Amendment’s disqualification clause for much of our professional careers, both of us concluded some years ago that, in fact, a conviction would be beside the point. The disqualification clause operates independently of any such criminal proceedings and, indeed, also independently of impeachment proceedings and of congressional legislation. The clause was designed to operate directly and immediately upon those who betray their oaths to the Constitution, whether by taking up arms to overturn our government or by waging war on our government by attempting to overturn a presidential election through a bloodless coup. The former president’s efforts to overturn the 2020 presidential election, and the resulting attack on the U.S. Capitol, place him squarely within the ambit of the disqualification clause, and he is therefore ineligible to serve as president ever again. The most pressing constitutional question facing our country at this moment, then, is whether we will abide by this clear command of the Fourteenth Amendment’s disqualification clause. # ⚓ Off Guardian ☛ Who_are_ISIS?⠀⇛ Kit Knightly, from the OffGuardian, recently published ISIS are back and they are faker than ever. He explored the apparent return of the ISIS bogeymen and the media narrative that preempted their re-emergent threat. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Junta_Official_in_Niger_Claims_Captive President_Will_Not_Be_Harmed⠀⇛ In an interview with The New York Times, a civilian leader of the junta sounded a conciliatory tone. He also said Niger would not summon the Kremlin-backed Wager Group. # § Russia, Belarus, and War in Ukraine⠀➾ # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Russia’s_space_agency_says_Luna-25 spacecraft_has_‘ceased_to_exist’_after_crashing_into Moon_—_Meduza⠀⇛ Luna-25, Russia’s uncrewed spacecraft, has “ceased to exist” after crashing into the Moon’s surface, reports Roscosmos, Russia’s state space corporation. # ⚓ France24 ☛ Russia’s_Luna-25_probe_crashes_on_the Moon⠀⇛ The Luna-25 probe, Russia’s first Moon mission in almost 50 years, has crashed on the Moon after an incident during pre-landing manoeuvres, Russian space agency Roscosmos said on Sunday. # ⚓ Axios ☛ Russia_spacecraft_crashes_into_Moon_during its_1st_lunar_mission_in_nearly_50_years⠀⇛ Russia’s Luna-25 robotic spacecraft crashed into the Moon on Sunday ahead of its planned attempt to land on the lunar surface this week. /blockquote> # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Russia’s_Luna-25_Moon_Lander_Is_Lost in_a_Crash⠀⇛ The robotic Luna-25 spacecraft appeared to have “ceased its existence” after a failed orbital adjustment, the space agency Roscosmos said. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Russia’s_Luna-25_Lunar_Probe_Crashes_Into Moon_After_Technical_Failure⠀⇛ Russia’s Luna-25 spacecraft has crashed onto the surface of the moon on August 20 after spinning into an uncontrollable orbit, the Roskosmos space agency reported. # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Drone_crashes_into_train_station_in_Russian city_of_Kursk,_injuring_five_people_—_Meduza⠀⇛ On the night of August 20, a Ukrainian drone crashed into the roof of a train station in Kursk, causing a fire to break out, reported the region’s governor Roman Starovoyt. # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Russia’s_Defense_Ministry_reports_drone attack_on_military_airfield_in_Novgorod_region_— Meduza⠀⇛ On August 19, Russia’s defense ministry reported that a Ukrainian copter-type drone attacked a military airfield in the Novgorod region. # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Six_killed_and_37_injured_in_Russian_missile strike_on_Chernihiv_—_Meduza⠀⇛ Russia launched an attack on the center of Chernihiv, said the region’s governor Vyacheslav Chaus. # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Two_injured_in_Russian_drone_attack_on Ukraine’s_Khmelnytskyi_region_—_Meduza⠀⇛ On the night of August 19, Russia launched a drone attack on Ukraine, reports the Ukrainian Air Force Command. Ukrainian air defense systems shot down 15 of the 17 Shahed-136/131 drones involved in the attack. # ⚓ France24 ☛ 🔴_Live:_Zelensky_hails_‘historic’_F-16 agreement_during_Netherlands_visit⠀⇛ Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky on Sunday hailed a decision by the Netherlands and Denmark to hand over F-16 planes to help Ukraine battle the Russian invasion as “historic”. The acknowledgment came shortly after Zelensky and Dutch Prime Minister Mark Rutte inspected F-16 jets parked in a hangar at a Dutch air base where Zelenskyy arrived earlier Sunday. # ⚓ NYPost ☛ Ukrainian_pilots_begin_training_on_F-16 fighter_jets_—_just_days_after_US_aircraft_approval⠀⇛ Ukrainian pilots began training on the highly sought-after F-16 fighter jets — just days after the US approved sending the aircraft to Ukraine from Denmark and the Netherlands to help in the ongoing war against Russia. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Netherlands,_Denmark_To_Give_Ukraine_F-16 Fighter_Jets_In_Crucial_Win_For_Kyiv⠀⇛ The Netherlands and Denmark have said they will give F-16 fighter jets to Ukraine once certain “conditions” have been met, a long- awaited step that will help Kyiv fill a crucial hole in its armed forces. # ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ Seymour_Hersh:_Summer_of_the_Hawks⠀⇛ Wishful thinking is still the rule among Biden’s foreign policy team, as the slaughter in Ukraine continues. # ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ Zelensky_Holds_Court_With_Ukraine’s_Most Notorious_Neo-Nazi⠀⇛ Western media has dismissed evidence of neo- Nazi influence in Ukraine by citing President Zelensky’s Jewish heritage. # ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ U.S._Intelligence_Deems_Ukraine’s Counteroffensive_a_Failure⠀⇛ Western officials attempted to blame Kyiv for refusing to push operations despite taking massive losses. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Moscow_Briefly_Halts_Operations_At_Two Airports_As_Zelenskiy_Visits_The_Netherlands⠀⇛ The authorities in Moscow briefly halted operations at two major airports overnight in response to what officials described as a Ukrainian drone strike on the Russian capital. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Zelenskiy_In_Talks_With_Sweden_Over Production_In_Ukraine_Of_Combat_Vehicles⠀⇛ President Volodymyr Zelenskiy, who is on a visit to Stockholm, says he is discussing the possible production of Sweden’s powerful CV- 90 combat vehicles in Ukraine. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Russian_Strike_On_Ukraine’s_Chernihiv_Kills At_Least_Seven,_Including_Child,_Wounds_Scores⠀⇛ At least seven people, including a child, were killed and 129 were wounded in a Russian missile strike on the northern Ukrainian city of Chernihiv on August 19, while President Volodymyr Zelenskiy called the attack “a day of pain and loss” caused by “a terrorist  state.” # ⚓ Spiegel ☛ Creeping_Counteroffensive:_The_Never-Ending Battle_for_Bakhmut⠀⇛ In May, the Ukrainian army had to withdraw from Bakhmut, but the battle for this completely destroyed city in the Donbas region continues – as an important part of the counteroffensive. A visit to the Third Assault Brigade on the front. # ⚓ YLE ☛ FDF_Commander:_No_surprise_in_Russian rhetoric⠀⇛ According to Commander of the Finnish Defence Forces General Timo Kivinen, Russia’s war in Ukraine means that it does not have enough troops to implement concrete changes near its border with Finland. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Ukrainian_Commanders_Confident_About Offensive_Despite_Problems⠀⇛ Despite tough fighting and heavy casualties, Ukrainian commanders say their forces are in better shape now than just months ago, while Russian troops appear worse off. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Zelensky_Pushes_Sweden_to_Give Ukraine_Fighter_Jets⠀⇛ President Volodymyr Zelensky of Ukraine said the Netherlands had agreed to supply 42 of the jets. Denmark also said it would donate the planes. # ⚓ Meduza ☛ ‘The_Russian_world_cannot_be_contained_by state_borders’_A_required_college_course_will_teach Russia’s_students_that_their_country_is_a_civilization unto_itself_—_Meduza⠀⇛ While embroiled in warfare in Ukraine, the Kremlin has increasingly felt the need to explain itself to younger Russians. Starting this fall, Russia’s college students will be required to take a state-approved course in the “Fundamentals of Russian Statehood.” The curriculum (packaged as a series of video- lectures) is a brainchild of Andrey Polosin, a close associate of Vladimir Putin’s Deputy Chief of Staff Sergey Kiriyenko. Meduza’s correspondent Andrey Pertsev, who has covered Russia’s new ideological curriculum as it emerged and came together, watched the online lectures and talked to the people who made the videos. Here’s a survey of the new Russian ideology as it’s going to be taught at Russia’s schools, from “passionaries” and “the Russian world” to Russia’s unofficial state symbols — the birch and the bear. # ⚓ Meduza ☛ Head_of_Ukraine’s_Security_Service_details how_agency_carried_out_Crimean_Bridge_explosion_in October_2022_—_Meduza⠀⇛ In an interview with the The New Voice of Ukraine, the head of Ukraine’s Security Service Vasyl Malyuk detailed how Ukrainian intelligence organized the explosion on the Crimean Bridge in October 2022. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Deadly_Russian_Strike_Hits Chernihiv,_Ukraine_Says⠀⇛ The attack, which killed at least seven people and wounded more than 100, came after President Vladimir V. Putin visited a Russian city that was briefly seized by the Wagner group. # ⚓ France24 ☛ Deadly_Russian_missile_attack_hits Chernihiv_city_centre_on_Orthodox_holiday⠀⇛ A Russian missile strike on Ukraine’s northern city of Chernihiv on Saturday killed seven people and wounded more than 100 others on Saturday, Interior Minister Igor Klymenko said. The strike came hours after the Kremlin said that President Vladimir Putin met with the commander of Russia’s war in Ukraine at army headquarters in southern Russia. Read about the day’s events as they unfolded on our liveblog. All times are Paris time (GMT+2). # ⚓ LRT ☛ ‘Putin_is_really_destroying_modern_Russia’_– interview_with_Anne_Applebaum⠀⇛ Anne Applebaum is a US Pulitzer-Prize winning author who has written several books on Russia and the Soviet Union, including Red Famine: Stalin’s War On Ukraine. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Supporters_Mark_Third_Anniversary_Of_Navalny Poisoning_With_Demonstrations⠀⇛ Supporters of imprisoned Russian opposition leader Aleksei Navalny around the world are marking the third anniversary of his near- fatal poisoning with demonstrations against Russian President Vladimir Putin. # ⚓ JURIST ☛ Canada_announces_sanctions_against_13 Russian_individuals_and_3_entities_following_human rights_violations⠀⇛ Canadian Minister of Foreign Affairs Mélanie Joly Friday declared new sanctions against 15 Russian individuals and three entities following human rights violations and state- sponsored violence faced by political opponents and critics in Russia. The new sanctions aim to supplement the previous sanctions by expanding the list of restricted individuals and entities. o § Environment⠀➾ # ⚓ CoryDoctorow ☛ SoCal_Gas_spent_millions_on_astroturf_ops_to fight_climate_rules⠀⇛ The criminal scheme is spelled out in eye-watering detail in a superb investigative report by Joe Rubin and Ari Plachta for the Sacramento Bee, which names the law firms and individual lawyers involved in the scam. Here’s the situation: SoCal Gas is California’s private, regulated gas monopoly. They are allowed to lobby, but are legally required to charge their lobbying activities to their shareholders, and are prohibited from raising customer rates to pay for lobbying. The company spent years secretly violating this rule, in the sleaziest way possible: working with corporate cartels like the California Restaurant Association and BizFed, the monopoly paid BigLaw white-shoe firms to procure people who posed as concerned citizens in order to oppose climate regulations that are essential to the state’s very survival. # ⚓ India Times ☛ With_TikTok_and_lawsuits,_Gen_Z_takes_on climate_change⠀⇛ Young people are helping organize a climate march in New York next month, during the United Nations General Assembly. And their force is being felt even in deep-red states such as Montana, where a judge Monday handed the movement its biggest victory to date, ruling in favor of 16 young people who had sued the state over its support for the fossil fuel industry. In that case, a lengthy fight resulted in a surprise victory that means the state must consider potential climate damage when approving energy projects. # ⚓ Omicron Limited ☛ Nearly_two-thirds_of_the_top_fossil_fuel producers_in_Australia_and_the_world_aren’t_on_track_for 1.5°C_climate_target⠀⇛ More than 60% of the top 142 oil, gas and coal companies—including three of the five Australian companies assessed—were not on track. Rio Tinto and BHP were the two Australian companies found to be on track. Between 2014 and 2020, the fossil fuel sectors exceeded overall production budgets by 64% (oil), 63% (gas) and 70% (coal). # § Energy/Transportation⠀➾ # ⚓ Battle_over_green_energy_project⠀⇛ The community of Victoria West has issued notice to stage a march on August 21 in an attempt to persuade Ubuntu Municipality to conclude a contract for the R100 billion Ubuntu Green Energy project. # ⚓ H2 View ☛ University_of_Wyoming_receives_$10m_from DOE_to_head_hydrogen_production_project⠀⇛ The US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management announced that the project had been selected to negotiate an award of around $5m as part of the ‘Clean Hydrogen Production, Storage, Transport and Utilisation to Enable a Net Zero Carbon Economy’ funding opportunity with the cost share among partners bring the contract up to $10m. The university is partnered with Los Alamos National Laboratory; Engineering, Procurement and Construction LLC; and energy infrastructure company, Williams, all focusing on the project aiming to demonstrate hydrogen production via water produced during oil and gas extraction. # § Wildlife/Nature⠀➾ # ⚓ YLE ☛ Hunters_and_police_in_animal_disposal_spat⠀⇛ The two associations cite mistrust and cost as reasons for cancelling the assistance o § Finance⠀➾ # ⚓ Gadgets Now ☛ Byju’s_fired_100_employees_following_a performance_review⠀⇛ Byju’s has laid off about 100 employees in a fresh round of job cuts. The ed-tech startup has fired employees from the mentoring and product expert divisions citing poor performance. As reported by TOI, the company said that the fired employees did not meet the expectations after a performance improvement plan, “As part of a periodical performance review, 100 individuals who did not meet expectations after a performance improvement plan were let go with proper procedures. This measure is firmly rooted in performance based considerations and is not in any way a cost-cutting endeavour,” the company spokesperson told TOI. # ⚓ 10,000_U.S.-based_high-skilled_foreign_workers_applied_to come_to_Canada⠀⇛ It took just two days for the Canadian program designed to attract H-1B workers residing in the United States to reach its 10,000 application cap. However, there are potential pitfalls that the program needs to overcome. In the United States, more than 600,000 people are employed through an H-1B visa in specialty occupation fields, making it the largest employment-based immigration program in the country. o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾ # ⚓ Project_Veritas_drama:_James_O’Keefe_under_investigation_as layoffs_roil_journalism_outfit⠀⇛ Founder James O’Keefe, who was forced out by the board in February, is under investigation by the Westchester County district attorney in New York for undisclosed reasons, a probe that comes after Project Veritas accused him of spending donor funds on personal luxuries. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ How_European_Officials_View_a_Possible Second_Trump_Term⠀⇛ The prospect of a second presidential term for Donald J. Trump has many officials worried about alliance cohesion, NATO and the war in Ukraine. # § Misinformation/Disinformation/Propaganda⠀➾ # ⚓ YLE ☛ Niinistö:_Russian_propaganda_against_Finland increasing⠀⇛ Finnish President Sauli Niinistö also says that Putin’s speech in December 2021 convinced him to consider Nato membership and other security policy measures. # ⚓ YLE ☛ Medvedev_tweets_again_in_Finnish⠀⇛ The former Russian president said that Vladimir Lenin created an independent Finland. o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾ # ⚓ Reason ☛ Sixth_Circuit_Affirms_(2-1)_Dismissal_of_Nicholas Sandmann’s_Libel_Lawsuit_Against_the_N.Y._Times_and_Others⠀⇛ Some excerpts from Sandmann v. N.Y. Times Co., decided yesterday by the Sixth Circuit, in an opinion by Judge Jane Stranch, joined by Judge Stephanie Davis (for more details, read the full opinions): On January 18, 2019, then-sixteen-year- old Nicholas Sandmann and his classmates had an interaction with a Native American man named Nathan Phillips… o § Freedom of Information / Freedom of the Press⠀➾ # ⚓ CBC ☛ Canadian_media_trained_audiences_to_use_Facebook. With_Meta_blocking_news,_what’s_next?⠀⇛ But after years of Canadians and news publishers relying on Facebook to connect them, observers are wondering how — and if — the issue can be resolved. # ⚓ NPR ☛ Small_Kansas_paper_raided_by_police_has_a_history_of hard-hitting_reporting⠀⇛ And if the Record doesn’t pay attention, nobody will. The weekly newspaper is the sole publication covering Marion, a city of about 2,000 in south- central Kansas. It’s this type of reporting that’s drawn the ire of local officials — including the city’s police chief, whom the paper was investigating before he raided their newsroom. [...] The Record’s role in the community has put a spotlight on the function of newspapers as local watchdogs. An informed public is at the heart of a strong democracy, but with the disappearance of local news organizations, many small towns have lost the ability to get information about local governance. o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾ # ⚓ Reason ☛ FIRE_Lawsuit_Against_California_Community_Colleges Over_“Diversity,_Equity,_and_Inclusion”_Mandates⠀⇛ From today’s press release, by the Foundation for Individual Rights and Expression:, about Palsgaard v. Christian (E.D. Cal.): Today, the Foundation for Individual Rights and Expression filed a lawsuit on behalf of six California community college professors to halt new, systemwide regulations forcing professors to espouse and teach politicized conceptions of “diversity, equity, and inclusion.” # ⚓ teleSUR ☛ Sudan:_Re-Arrest_of_Young_Revolutionary⠀⇛ The Permanent Commission for the Defense of Detainees and Public Freedoms: “the lack of respect for laws and regulations is what led to war, chaos, and the constitutional vacuum in the country.” # ⚓ Court_rules_that_severance_pay_should_be_paid_to_employee who_was_forced_to_resign⠀⇛ S.Y., who resigned under pressure in Gaziantep, has won the lawsuit she filed to claim severance pay. The higher court, after hearing the witnesses, decided to grant severance pay despite the resignation letter being in ‘handwriting’. # ⚓ Digital Music News ☛ Coldplay_Faces_Breach-of-Contract Lawsuit_from_Manager_of_20+_Years⠀⇛ British rock band Coldplay is being sued by their former manager of more than 20 years, Dave Holmes, over a breach-of-contract dispute, according to legal documents filed in the UK. # ⚓ JURIST ☛ US_appeals_court_partially_revives_lawsuit claiming_viewpoint_discrimination_against_anti-abortion protesters⠀⇛ The US Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit on Tuesday reversed the dismissal of a lawsuit against the District of Columbia alleging that it selectively enforced its defacement ordinance against anti-abortion protesters but not Black Lives Matter (BLM) protesters in the summer of 2020. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Michael_Oher’s_‘Blind_Side’_Lawsuit_Shows Strains_in_Depictions_of_Black_Athletes⠀⇛ Michael Oher has long criticized the feel-good Hollywood version of his life as a struggling high school football player. His lawsuit against the family that took him in questions their relationship. # ⚓ Jacobin Magazine ☛ Museum_Workers_Are_Tired_of_Being_Paid in_Cultural_Cachet_—_So_They’re_Unionizing⠀⇛ On August 8, after two years of negotiations, staff at the Guggenheim Museum in New York City became the latest to ratify their first contract with an overwhelming 97 percent majority. The Guggenheim Union consists of 150 staff members across departments, including visitor service, education, curatorial, administrative, and other departments. The union first began to organize in the fall of 2021 under the United Auto Workers (UAW) Local 2110. Some highlights from the first contract include a minimum 9 percent wage increase over the next two and a half years, an increase in retirement contributions, four weeks paid family leave, and funding for career training retroactive to July 1. One major victory is that this contract guarantees minimum rates for full- and part-time employees. # ⚓ Futurism ☛ Forcing_Workers_Back_to_the_Office_Might_Not Have_Been_a_Good_Idea_After_All⠀⇛ In a rare moment of clarity — or even, dare we say, self reflection? — a whole bunch of executives have admitted that they may have been wrong about the whole return-to-office push made after the COVID-19 pandemic. Well, sort of. In a Hanover Research and Envoy survey of over 1,100 senior executives and workplace managers in the United States, a whopping 80 percent answered that they would’ve “approached their company’s return-to-office strategy differently” if they had the right “workplace data” at the time. # ⚓ Pro Publica ☛ Both_Parents_Agree:_The_Child_Is_Being Harmed._Which_One_Will_the_Court_Believe?⠀⇛ As a special consultant to Colorado’s child welfare agency, Susan Coykendall accepted that there was no reliable profile for a child abuser, but she was fairly certain Bruce was not one. # ⚓ Pro Publica ☛ Parental_Alienation_and_Its_Use_in_Family Court⠀⇛ ProPublica has been reporting on family courts’ handling of custody disputes that involve allegations of child or domestic abuse. The reporting shows that a disputed psychological theory that’s been rejected by mainstream scientists has widespread influence on outcomes in family court. Parental alienation is a theory in which one parent is accused of brainwashing a child to turn them against the other parent. It is most frequently diagnosed and cited as evidence in divorce and custody cases, even though most mental health professionals reject it as junk science. o § Digital Restrictions (DRM)⠀➾ # ⚓ Eric Rescorla ☛ The_endpoint_of_Web_Environment_Integrity is_a_closed_Web⠀⇛ The basic property of an open system like the Internet and the Web is that you can only be assured of the properties of the elements you directly control. The elements that belong to other people work for them and not you. In a closed system, by contrast, the software on the end user device works for the provider, not for them, whether it is officially owned by the user (as in mobile apps) or it actually belongs to the provider (as with the old Bell System monopoly). WEI and similar attestation technologies represent an attempt to impose an alien model, that of a closed system, onto the open system of the Web. As with any closed system, the net impact will be that users don’t control their own experience of the Web but rather have only the experiences that sites are willing to let them have. That seems bad. o § Monopolies⠀➾ # ⚓ CCIA ☛ Expected_FTC_Suit_Against_Amazon_Contradicts_Current Retail_Market_Showing_Fierce_Competition_Between_Online_and Brick-and-Mortar⠀⇛ The FTC’s expected lawsuit against Amazon will likely bring novel antitrust claims amidst a retail marketplace… # § Trademarks⠀➾ # ⚓ Futurism ☛ Pornhub’s_War_With_a_Local_Kebab Restaurant_Isn’t_Helping_Its_Quest_for_a_“Fresh Start”⠀⇛ But that rebrand is off to a choppy beginning with news that the company is going after a small restaurant in Lower Manhattan called Döner Haus, which sells a German take on Turkish kebab — and uses a logo that, to be fair, looks an awful lot like Pornhub’s notorious orange-and-black lettering. # § Copyrights⠀➾ # ⚓ Gizmodo ☛ Judge_Rules_Wholly_AI-Created_Art_Can’t_Get Copyright_Protections⠀⇛ Howell, in this most recent ruling, reaffirmed that US copyright law “protects only works of human creation.” Further, she stated that creations made by “non-human actors” such as AI “need no incentivization with the promise of exclusive rights under United States law, and copyright was therefore not designed to reach them.” While she acknowledged that the copyright is meant to “adapt with the times,” she argued that anything seeking protection is required to have “an originator with the capacity for intellectual, creative, or artistic labor. Must that originator be a human being to claim copyright protection? The answer is yes.” # ⚓ [Old] Law Society Gazette ☛ Sony_tries_to_hit_pause on_copyright_battle_with_Jimi_Hendrix_Experience estates⠀⇛ Simon Malynicz KC, for Redding and Mitchell, told the court the releases did not give the musicians’ rights away and only related to revenue generated by the vinyl recordings, which does not include digital income including from streaming, YouTube and other digital platforms. # ⚓ [Old] Guitar (NME Networks) ☛ The_heirs_of_Noel Redding_and_Mitch_Mitchell_sue_Sony_Music_for_royalties from_the_Jimi_Hendrix_Experience⠀⇛ The heirs of bassist Noel Redding and drummer Mitch Mitchell – who made up two thirds of the Jimi Hendrix Experience – have filed a lawsuit against Sony Music for copyright infringement and are seeking royalties. # ⚓ [Old] Variety ☛ Jimi_Hendrix_Bandmates’_Heirs_Sue Sony_Music_U.K._for_Millions_Over_Copyright,_Streaming Royalties⠀⇛ The U.K. lawsuit seeks a declaration of copyright ownership in the musical works, sound recordings and performers rights (each of which are a separate right invested in the work), a declaration as to whether there has been copyright infringement and, if there has, damages as well as an account of profits plus interest on that figure and legal costs. It is unclear how the U.K. lawsuit will interact with Sony and the Hendrix’s estate’s pre-emptive claim in New York and it is likely the first matter the courts will deal with before even getting to the copyright issues is jurisdiction. # ⚓ Torrent Freak ☛ Inside_a_Live_Pirate_IPTV_Blocking Order_Protecting_UEFA’s_Champions_League⠀⇛ Football bodies and broadcasters including the Premier League, Sky and UEFA, recently obtained permission to continue their ISP blocking programs to limit access to pirate IPTV streams. While almost no information relating to these secret processes appears in public, today we’re able to take a look inside one of several blocking orders active right now in Europe. # ⚓ Unicorn Media ☛ Consequence_of_Ottawa’s_‘Link_Tax’ Dampens_News_on_Canadian_Wildfires⠀⇛ There are plenty of examples of supposedly good ideas that had unintended consequences that were not so good. There are also plenty of examples of “good” ideas that weren’t good at all and should never have been implemented. The recent Canadian “link tax” law that went into effect on June 22, which requires major online publishers such as Facebook and Google that link to online news sites to pay those site for the links, fits both categories. Yes, you have that right. Under the new law, if a Canadian searches Google for information and Google’s results include a link to a Canadian news site, Google has to pay that site for running the link and sending traffic its way. =============================================================================== * Gemini_(Primer) links can be opened using Gemini_software. It’s like the World Wide Web but a lot lighter. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 3359 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.20.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Gemini_Links_20/08/2023:_Free_Pens,_Gemini_Clients_via_SOCKS5_(e.g._TOR)⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 1:00 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * Gemini*_and_Gopher o Personal/Opinions o Technology_and_Free_Software # Internet/Gemini # Programming * § Gemini* and Gopher⠀➾ o § Personal/Opinions⠀➾ # ⚓ malahide_fossils⠀⇛ i vist the malahide coast regularly when i am near Dublin. i managed to run and swim 5 days in row, despite the choppy and sandy water. no jellyfish this time, thankfully. # ⚓ 🔤SpellBinding:_ADELRTX_Wordo:_IMPEL⠀⇛ # ⚓ Knee⠀⇛ My meniscus in right knee raptured while sitting on the chair in the office. Happed in mid of July. No way to move and very painful. Needed surgery fast. Took a week to get to arthroscopy. Now it is a month after the surgery. I spent that time mostly laying on the sofa with laptop /work / or iPad / entertainment/. # ⚓ #5⠀⇛ A few minutes before 15:00 today I got shot #5, booster #3. It was at a small clinic just like last time, with no fanfare, but there were more people getting their shots this time. Maybe people have found out the numbers are going back back up, but news is unfortunately pretty thin. The clinic this time was much farther from home. I had tried to reserve a slot earier during vacation but couldn’t find any at a place near home. This place I went to today was the closest I could find near a train station. I did not want to have to take a bus out into the middle of nowhere, especially on the way home. [...] I guess for the entire world the virus is a thing of the past, but not for me. I shall remain vigilant until it really is finally gone. If that ever happens. # ⚓ anger_and_fear_regarding_becoming_a_teacher⠀⇛ Principal tells us to dress up for the next day of training. I get all gothed up in deep purple with my highest wedges and i feel divine. someone in the booth at the superintendent’s speech played “too sexy” as my building’s staff were walking in; suddenly i distinctly felt like i’d been set up to be used as eye candy and felt incredibly gross. I e-mailed the principal about it, then he surprises me in my classroom while I was preparing for the week ahead. He proceeded to talk an apology at me for about five minutes. He said he wasn’t gonna be able to sleep at night with this hanging over his head, so he had to come right away. I don’t doubt that, but I don’t think for the reasons he intended to get across. He said he didn’t choose the music and it’s not at all what he was going for but that he really regretted how it all came together. He didn’t ask me one question or stop to hear me speak at all. Shakes my hand and leaves. o § Technology and Free Software⠀➾ # ⚓ On-Call_Culture_and_the_Human_Aspect:_Prioritising_Well- being_in_the_Realm_of_Reliability⠀⇛ Site Reliability Engineering is synonymous with ensuring system reliability, but the human factor is an often-underestimated part of this discipline. Ensuring a healthy on-call culture is as critical as any technical solution. The well-being of the engineers is an important factor. Firstly, a healthy on-call rotation is about more than just managing and responding to incidents. It’s about the entire ecosystem that supports this practice. This involves reducing pain points, offering mentorship, rapid iteration, and ensuring that engineers have the right tools and processes. One ceavat is, that engineers should be willing to learn. Especially in on-call rotation mixing SREs with other engineers (for example Software Engineers or QA Engineers), it’s difficult to motivate everyone to engage. QA Engineers want to test the software, Software Engineers want to implement new features; they don’t want to troubleshoot and debug production incidents. It can be depressing for the mentoring SRE. # ⚓ Everything’s_on_fire_/_No_XMPP,_no_Robbie_Robertson⠀⇛ We’re between several wildfires. The smoke is absolutely miserable, burnt embers are dropping all over, and the communities about 10 km away are on evacuation alert. We’ve loaded up the car, just in case. I’ve done a lot of work on this house, but it can burn. Everything is temporary. Robbie Robertson died last week. Attentive readers of this phlog will remember a misleading phlog title a couple of years back. # ⚓ Booklet_printing⠀⇛ I found how to prepare a PDF into a printable booklet (aka brochure or pamphlet) PDF! (Again!) The booklet pages will be half the size of the print paper — e.g. with an A4 paper printer the booklet will be A5. For whatever reason I find it extremely hard to understand how to operate the printer… If I put the paper this way, how will it come out? Should I flip it to print the other side? Should I rotate? Who knows! It’s not the first time I’ve gone through the whole process of (re)learning these things, but, like a dumbass, I never documented it. All is about to change! Brace yourself! # ⚓ Free_Pens⠀⇛ At my office there was a box of free pens and I helped myself to three of them. I love free pens. I doubt that I will ever have a need to purchase a pen because I have so many that I have acquired through the past several decades. Yes, I can obtain pens at work. Our office has a modest supply cabinet including boxes of pens. However, it is the surprise pens that I chance upon outside of work that delight me the most. These are the pens that I see in hotel or bank lobbies, or trade shows, or conferences. # ⚓ A_PSP_Update⠀⇛ This is something I had been completely overlooking until a couple days ago. The PSP officially had a good collection of classic PS1 titles that it was capable of emulating, and thanks to community tools it’s possible to convert any other PS1 title that wasn’t officially supported and play it on the PSP. I never had a PS1 growing up, but I did play a couple PS1 games thanks to the PS2′s backwards compatibility and a lot of my favorite PC games were also available on PS1. Lately I’ve been playing a lot of Tony Hawk’s Pro Skater 2 which was a childhood favorite. I’ve also been playing a bit of Re-Volt, an RC car racing game that’s harder than I remember, and Spider-Man, whose PC demo I would play over and over. # § Internet/Gemini⠀➾ # ⚓ How_to_run_gemini_clients_via_SOCKS5_(e.g._TOR)⠀⇛ After some discussions on the IRC channel, I decided to try how running a gemini client would work with SOCKS5 to be able to connect via TOR (though the same has other uses) and I found that most clients do not support SOCKS5 directly. # ⚓ Re:_Emergency_Notifications,_Mastodon,_the_Climate Crisis⠀⇛ One of the links in the post is to lemmy.world about how the Dutch government is starting a Mastodon server. But that lemmy.world link is down right now. Fedi’s tech is still pretty flaky and unreliable. Posts go missing all the time. I don’t wanna slag Lemmy because I know they’re working hard. And it’s not just them that have issues, it’s the entire ActivityPub world. # ⚓ How_to_reply_to_Lemmy_posts_from_Mastodon⠀⇛ If you got an account on Mastodon, Homecamp, Akkoma, Misskey, Pixelfed or similar during the big Twitter migration and you wanna reply to a post on Lemmy or kbin, read on! If you don’t have any Fedi account at all yet, you’re living the blessed life. Good on you!♥ Bookmark this page and return here once you’ve been on Fedi a few weeks and have gotten comfy and wanna branch out to the threadiverse. Or, if it’s the threadiverse itself that’s appealing rather than the seedy world of microblogging, just make an account on Lemmy or kbin instead and in that case you don’t need this tutorial. You might need a reverse tutorial if you wanna interact with people from Mastodon or Pixelfed or whatever, but I don’t know how to make one since I don’t know how Lemmy looks from the inside! For us in gemspace, there is actually a Fediverse on Gemini thing that’s awesome, it’s called Tootik, but this tutorial doesn’t apply to it yet since it can’t fetch posts by URL as far as I know. I don’t know for sure, but I believe you can still subscribe to Lemmy and kbin groups from Tootik. I’ll edit this section if I find out more.♥ # § Programming⠀➾ # ⚓ Mixed_feelings_about_Rust⠀⇛ Now, I was not intending for this post to see a wide audience. I have no way of knowing how many people read what I write there, but based on the lack of feedback I’d guess not many. This time, it was picked up by Rust weekly, from whence it hit HackerNews. You know how they say never read the comments? I read the comments, which were overwhelmingly negative of course. [...] Another of my criticisms was Rust macros. I said flatly that they were a mistake. I stand by that. Zig’s use of ‘comptime’ shows that a fully developed language and compiler level type reflection scheme can completely, and cleanly, replace not only macros but a lot of other metaprogramming pains. Generics are a breeze with good type reflection. You can move even more classes of bugs from runtime to compile time. Heck, the comptime concept enables Zig to have their build system written in Zig. Now, around this same time, @thecompiler was getting ready to present a keynote address at RustConf. Certain members of the Rust core team took it upon themselves to turn this into an awful mess, by reaching out to the conference organizers and implying that the core team had decided as a whole that his talk was not a good fit for the keynote. Did I mention that @thecompiler was one of the editors of the C23 standard, and a massive presence in the programming community? He was insulted and it became a scandal. =============================================================================== * Gemini_(Primer) links can be opened using Gemini_software. It’s like the World Wide Web but a lot lighter. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 3701 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.20.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Gemini_Links_20/08/2023:_Letting_Go_of_Computers_and_Dark_Mode/Light_Mode⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 8:18 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * Gemini*_and_Gopher o Personal/Opinions o Technology_and_Free_Software * § Gemini* and Gopher⠀➾ o § Personal/Opinions⠀➾ # ⚓ Curmudgeon⠀⇛ I’m a genuine, bona fide curmudgeon. I even love the word. [...] That’s me to a tee. Funny thing is, I’ve been something of a curmudgeon for longer than I’ve been old. I’ve recently begun to realise that it’s my my curmudgeonly personality is the fire that powers many of my most intense creative efforts. I am highly opinionated and extremely stubborn. I’m also very non-confrontational. An interesting mix that leads to some serious passive aggression. Some of my most productive and weirdly enjoyable programming sessions are prolonged instances of my Angry Programming flow state: listening to metal and reprogramming the whole fucking system if that’s what it takes to get my way. I’ve lost days. It’s also strongly related to the oddly-tuned fight-or-flight reflex that caused me to whole- heartedly dive into emacs rather than submit to the evils of my macos work environment and to frequently entertain fantasies of fucking off to a shack in the wilderness (which in reality would no- doubt end with me starving to death because I’m a serial plant killer) because modern society annoys the piss out of me on almost every level. # ⚓ First_chapter_going_up_soon⠀⇛ Wanted to test out image embedding on this site so here’s a teaser of some cleaning. Translation for chapter 1 has finished and I should be able to get it cleaned/typeset in the next day. I forgot how much I enjoy the monotonous task of scanlating. o § Technology and Free Software⠀➾ # ⚓ Letting_Go_of_Computers⠀⇛ I have owned computers since I was ten years old, when my dad brought home a genuine IBM PC XT in 1983. They shaped my life and my thinking, even as they shaped the world at large. I loved the magic machines for a good many decades, but now I find much to regret, on both the personal level and in society at large. I’ve had to step away from computers, for two reasons. The first is aesthetic. Computing has become a kind of ugly necessity, in which the productive work we do must run in tandem with an endless arms race against corporate and criminal scum. Another firmware vulnerability, another third-party database breach, another search engine rendered useless by AI-generated SEO garbage. The walled gardens get tighter and smaller; the end- user profit squeeze more pronounced. # ⚓ Dark_mode/light_mode⠀⇛ Using light mode at night hurts my eyes, but when I first discovered how to set dark mode some fifteen- some years ago, it was difficult to automatically change back and forth. I would have to manually change *every* single setting. It was so tedious. So I left my devices on dark mode constantly, even though that actually strained my eyes in the daytime. And so I progressed until the present day assuming that it was still difficult. But it’s not! Not anymore! There’s just a little toggle I can select in Cinnamon to switch my system. And Firefox (well, Floorp, but same difference) automatically changes when I tell it to! And so does Sidebery! And Dark Reader toggles itself! And so does Discord, and so does the shiny Mastodon userstyle I installed, and I can make my custom Dreamwidth userstyle turn itself off when I’m in light mode, and I just discovered Sublime Text can *also* automatically switch between light and dark mode, and and and. # ⚓ Nozzle_Size⠀⇛ I’m used to higher resolution being an expensive upgrade, so the idea of nearly double resolution for a few dollars took me by surprise. I’m talking about 3D printing. It was a couple of months after buying a 3D printer that I learned that you can buy different sized nozzles for the Prusa MK3S; that they’re so cheap as to be effectively free; and that while the default nozzle size is 0.4mm, it works fine with a 0.25mm nozzle—almost doubling the resolution. So! I ordered some nozzles: and most importantly, the 0.25mm and the 0.8mm nozzle. =============================================================================== * Gemini_(Primer) links can be opened using Gemini_software. It’s like the World Wide Web but a lot lighter. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 3860 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐋𝐘 𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐊𝐒 ═════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 08.20.23⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Gemini_version_available_♊︎ ✐ Links_20/08/2023:_Budgie_10.8_Desktop_and_Linux_6.5_RC7⠀✐ Posted in News_Roundup at 8:28 pm by Dr. Roy Schestowitz 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴 🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽 ⦇GNOME bluefish⦈ § Contents⠀➾ * GNU/Linux o Audiocasts/Shows o Kernel_Space o Graphics_Stack o Applications o Instructionals/Technical o Desktop_Environments/WMs # K_Desktop_Environment/KDE_SC/Qt # GNOME_Desktop/GTK * Distributions_and_Operating_Systems o BSD o SUSE/OpenSUSE o Devices/Embedded o Open_Hardware/Modding * Leftovers o Hardware o Health/Nutrition/Agriculture o Proprietary/Artificial_Intelligence_(AI) o Security # Privacy/Surveillance o Defence/Aggression o Environment # Energy/Transportation o Finance o AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics o Censorship/Free_Speech o Civil_Rights/Policing o Internet_Policy/Net_Neutrality o Monopolies * § GNU/Linux⠀➾ o § Audiocasts/Shows⠀➾ # ⚓ Going Linux ☛ Going_Linux_#444_·_Welcome_to_Linux!_– Desktops⠀⇛ We review some of the most popular Linux desktop environment options. Included are KDE Plasma, Gnome, Cinnamon, MATE, XFCE, LXDE, Budgie, Pantheon and Deepin. Episode_Time_Stamps 00:00 Going Linux #444 · Welcome to Linux! – Desktops 01:18 Bill broke KDE on his computer 02:08 Larry fixed a 13 year old laptop with LXLE 09:29 Definition: Linux desktop environments o § Kernel Space⠀➾ # ⚓ Linux mailing lists ☛ Linux_6.5-rc7⠀⇛ So it's Sunday afternoon, just not in the usual timezone where I do these releases, since I've been traveling. But apart from the timezone difference, everything looks entirely normal. Drivers (GPU, networking and sound dominate - the usual suspects, in other words) and architecture fixes. The latter are mostly arm devicetree fixlets, but also some x86 cleanups and fallout from the embargo last week. Not a huge amount of patches, and I really get the feeling that a lot of maintainers are on vacation. But I will be optimistic and also blame it all being quiet on things working fairly well. So I think this will be the last rc unless something nasty comes up. Do keep testing, Linus o § Graphics Stack⠀➾ # ⚓ Mike_Blumenkrantz:_Yep⠀⇛ Finally a default value for gl_PointSize. Long-term fans of the blog will recall that I’ve previously raged against the insane concept that pointsize must be written many times prior. In fact, it remains the second most blogged about topic in SGC history right behind Big Triangledescriptor management, the topic that modern graphics-related blogs must cover above all others. Finally with maintenance5 we can be freed from these unjust shackles that have bound us for so long. No more* shall complex logic be unnecessarily injected into the compiler stack to add senseless writes to this output. * except all that code still has to exist and run to handle drivers that don’t support maintenance5 Beyond the obvious benefit of having a fixed default pointsize (sanity), let’s check out some other benefits. ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Shader Reduction⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ Previously all zink-emitted shaders would have a pointsize write, even those that were never used for drawing points. This resulted in unnecessary shader i/o at the hardware level. Nobody wants unnecessary shader i/o at the hardware level. Now, however, it’s possible to use heuristics during linking to delete all unnecessary pointsize writes any time there is no XFB emission. How much performance improvement will this yield? o § Applications⠀➾ # ⚓ Linux Links ☛ 8_Best_Free_and_Open_Source_Search_Engines for_Big_Data⠀⇛ Big Data is an all-inclusive term that refers to data sets so large and complex that they need to be processed by specially designed hardware and software tools. # ⚓ Linux Links ☛ 7_Best_Free_and_Open_Source_Linux_Speed Reading_Tools⠀⇛ The software featured in this group test is based on spritzing. Read text without moving your eyes, and therefore rapidly increase your reading speed. # ⚓ Sparky GNU/Linux ☛ Penguins’_eggs⠀⇛ There is a new application available for Sparkers: Penguins’ eggs What is Penguins’ eggs? penguins- eggs is a console tool, under continuous development, that allows you to remaster your system and redistribute it as live images on usb sticks or via PXE. It supports: Debian, Devuan, Ubuntu and major derivatives: Linuxmint, KDE neon, etc. # ⚓ Make Use Of ☛ 10_Ways_to_Secure_Your_Samba_Server_on Linux⠀⇛ SMB (Server Message Block) protocol is a cornerstone of file and printer sharing in connected environments. However, the default configuration of Samba can pose significant security risks, leaving your network vulnerable to unauthorized access and cyberattacks. If you’re hosting a Samba server, you need to be extra cautious with the configurations you have set in place. Here are 10 critical steps to ensure your SMB server remains secure and protected. Linux is great for hosting servers. However, whenever you’re dealing with servers, you have to tread carefully and be extra aware as Linux servers are always a lucrative target for threat actors. It is paramount that you put sincere effort into fortifying your network and hardening your Linux servers. Besides properly configuring Samba, there are a few other measures you should take to ensure your Linux server is safe from the crosshair of adversaries. o § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾ # ⚓ The New Stack ☛ Monitor,_Control_and_Debug_Docker Containers_with_WhaleDeck⠀⇛ When you want to work with your Docker containers… # ⚓ Mastering_Disk_Usage_with_du_Command_in_Linux:_A_Beginner’s Guide⠀⇛ Have you noticed “how can you see the size of directory in Linux?” # ⚓ Exploring_System_Performance_with_Top_Command_in_Linux:_A Comprehensive_Guide⠀⇛ The top command in Linux is one of the most frequently used commands in our daily system administrative jobs. # ⚓ ID Root ☛ How_To_Install_Squid_Proxy_on_Rocky_Linux_9⠀⇛ In this tutorial, we will show you how to install Squid Proxy on Rocky Linux 9. For those of you who didn’t know, Squid Proxy is an open-source caching and forwarding HTTP proxy server that enables clients to access web resources while hiding their identity and improving browsing speed through content caching. # ⚓ ID Root ☛ How_to_Open,_Extract_and_Create_RAR_Files_on Linux⠀⇛ RAR files are a widely used archive format that enables users to compress and package multiple files into a single, space-saving package. As a Linux user, understanding how to efficiently extract and create RAR files is essential for managing your data effectively. # ⚓ ID Root ☛ How_To_Install_WildFly_on_Debian_12⠀⇛ In this tutorial, we will show you how to install WildFly on Debian 12. For those of you who didn’t know, WildFly formerly known as JBoss, is a leading open-source Java application server that provides a robust platform for developing and deploying Java- based applications. # ⚓ HowTo Forge ☛ How_to_Install_a_Debian_12_(Bookworm)_Minimal Server⠀⇛ This tutorial shows in detail how to install a Debian 12 (Bookworm) minimal server with many screenshots. The purpose of this guide is to provide a minimal setup that can be used as the basis for our other Debian 12 tutorials here at howtoforge.com. # ⚓ Linuxiac ☛ How_to_Install_LEMP_Stack_(Nginx,_MariaDB,_PHP) on_Debian_12⠀⇛ Learn step-by-step: Install LEMP stack (Nginx, MariaDB, PHP) on Debian 12 “Bookworm” for efficient web hosting and blazing-fast performance. # ⚓ Net2 ☛ How_to_Pass_Environment_Variables_to_Docker Containers⠀⇛ When working with Docker containers, you’ll often want to pass configuration options and other data into containers via environment variables. There are several ways to inject environment variables into Docker containers both at build and run time. # ⚓ Own HowTo ☛ How_to_install_Visual_Studio_Code_on_Debian_12 [Ed: Terrible idea. It is proprietary spyware controlled by a company that's constantly attacking Linux from both inside and outside. Stay away. Try something like Kate.]⠀⇛ There are several ways to install Visual Studio Code on Debian 12. However, in this tutorial you will learn how to install Visual Studio Code on Debian 12 by using the official repository. # ⚓ Getting_Started_with_MySQL:_Step-by-Step_Guide_for Installation_on_Ubuntu⠀⇛ MySQL is well known and an open-source database management system. It uses a relational database and SQL to manage data. # ⚓ Real Linux User ☛ How_to_install_Linux_Mint_on_a_PC_or_Mac –_Linux_Mint_21.2_Edition⠀⇛ I hope you read all my previous Linux Mint tutorials in the preferred order, so you know now how to download Linux Mint… # ⚓ Install_Cockpit_Flatpak_Client_on_Ubuntu_22.04.3_(Gnome Desktop)⠀⇛ Cockpit Client provides a graphical interface to your servers, containers, and virtual machines. Connections are made over SSH, using the SSH configuration of the local user (including aliases, known hosts, key files, hardware tokens, etc). # ⚓ Evan Hahn ☛ My_mnemonic_to_remember_tar_commands_on_Linux⠀⇛ The tar command is famous for being hard to use. What flags do you use for creating a tarball? What about extracting one? I remember two mnemonics when doing this: create a file and extract a file. # ⚓ Linux Handbook ☛ Get_Script_Directory_Location_in_Bash⠀⇛ Here are a couple of ways of getting the directory location of your bash script inside the bash script. o § Desktop Environments/WMs⠀➾ # ⚓ 9to5Linux ☛ Budgie_10.8_Desktop_Released_with_New_Trash Applet,_Budgie_Menu_Improvements⠀⇛ Budgie 10.8 comes with a new applet called Budgie Trash Applet that was previously available as a third-party applet, but not it comes pre-installed by default with the new Budgie release. Apart from the usual functionality of such an applet, the Budgie Trash Applet also features support for restoring trashed files. Another interesting change in Budgie 10.8 is support for the StatusNotifier specification in the System Tray Applet, which enables applications to show their icons and menus in the system tray area in a modern way that is expected from a desktop environment in 2023. # ⚓ Beta News ☛ Budgie_10.8_takes_Linux_desktop_experience_to new_heights⠀⇛ Exciting news, y’all! Budgie 10.8 has landed, and the Linux desktop environment is packed with features that promise to transform how we interact with our desktops. First off, the Budgie Menu has received quite the makeover. If you’ve ever scratched your head wondering why certain apps are in the ‘Other’ category, you’re not alone. The team listened to feedback, and now, applications have found more fitting categories. Plus, there’s a nifty fix for non-Latin text crashes, thanks to a switch to C for the Application Indexer’s fuzzy scoring function. And, let’s say goodbye to the Utilities category; its apps have found a new home in System Tools. # ⚓ Linuxiac ☛ Budgie_Desktop_10.8_Released,_Here’s_What’s New⠀⇛ Budgie Desktop is a modern, user-friendly desktop environment for Linux operating systems built on GNOME technologies. It is designed to provide a clean, elegant user interface while lightweight and efficient. Initially developed by the Solus Project, the desktop has gained popularity and has been widely adopted by other Linux distributions. Currently, it is developed by the Buddies of Budgie organization. Nearly seven months after version 10.7 was released at the beginning of the year, Budgie 10.8 is here, so let’s see what’s changed. # § K Desktop Environment/KDE SC/Qt⠀➾ # ⚓ Are_we_transparent_enough?⠀⇛ For me this was surprising, so I would like to raise a few questions here that might as well be answered with: “sure, we are”, and I just did not see it because I am a bit out of touch with KDE development news (and modern ways of communication in general). Personal and biased opinion follows. But here are the questions first: Are we handling such a prominently user- facing (as in in your face) changes transparently enough? How do we decide for such (as in groundbreaking) new defaults? Have the users (as in many of them) been asked? So, now for the personal opinion… # § GNOME Desktop/GTK⠀➾ # ⚓ Dave_Patrick_Caberto:_GSoC_2023:_Rust_and_GTK_4 Bustle_Rewrite_(Week_9_&_10)⠀⇛ I am thrilled to announce that a lot of progress happened once again over the past few weeks! Starting with the most important thing, the diagram, a lot of bugs has been squashed and the rendering performance is now improved to a usable_and_merge-able_state. # ⚓ Why_Nautilus_is_my_favorite_file_manager⠀⇛ Introduction We often overlook the file explorer or manager when it comes to Linux distributions or general computers. * § Distributions and Operating Systems⠀➾ o ⚓ Top_10_Best_Linux_Server_Distros_for_Powerful_Performance⠀⇛ Linux servers are renowned for their robustness, enhanced security features, and ability to handle heavy traffic, making them an optimal choice for businesses and organizations. These servers offer dynamic versatility and scalability, allowing diverse customization options and the ability to adapt to varying load conditions. o § BSD⠀➾ # ⚓ Dan Langille ☛ kernel:_pid_4900_(conftest),_jid_968,_uid 65534:_exited_on_signal_11_(core_dumped)⠀⇛ I see see these log messages on a regular basis. There is no distinct pattern. Some nights there might be 1, others 2. Today there were three: r730- 01 is my main server in the basement. # ⚓ Dan Langille ☛ Bacula_–_calculating_Maximum_Volume_Bytes and_Maximum_Volumes_based_on_historical_data⠀⇛ I’ve used Bacula since at least January 2004 (so nearly 20 years). I liked it so much I dropped my deployment-in-motion of another tool (if you search lightly, you can find out which one). I liked it so much, I wrote a PostgreSQL backend for it. This post is not for Bacula novices. o § SUSE/OpenSUSE⠀➾ # ⚓ DaemonFC (Ryan Farmer) ☛ I_Managed_to_Make_Fallout_4_Work in_openSUSE_Leap.⠀⇛ So, openSUSE Leap 15.5 being an enterprise-like system with slow moving releases, it’s been something of a chore to set up for a laptop, especially one where I occasionally want to play Windows games. Even after installing the vulkan packages and Wine Stable 8.0, and the media codecs from the “Packman” repository with “opi”, when I launched Fallout 4 Game of the Year Edition this time, I ended up with no voices and no soundtracks. When I ran it with wine Fallout4.exe, it complained that it could not find a Windows Media Audio codec for gstreamer. o § Devices/Embedded⠀➾ # ⚓ CNX Software ☛ Setting_up_a_private_LoRaWAN_network_with WisGate_Connect_gateway⠀⇛ In this guide, we’ll explain how to set up a private LoRaWAN network using the Raspberry Pi CM4- based RAKwireless’ WisGate Connect gateway and Docker or Portainer to install NodeRED, InfluxDB, Grafana, and other packages required to configure our gateway. The WisGate Connect is quite a versatile gateway with Gigabit and 2.5Gbps Ethernet plus several optional wireless connectivity options such as LoRaWAN, 4G LTE, 5G, WiFi 6, Zigbee, WiFi HaLoW, and more that can be added through Mini PCIe or M.2 sockets, expansion through WisBlock IO connectors and a 40-pin Raspberry Pi HAT connector. We’ll start by looking at the gateway features in detail, but if you already know all that, you can jump to the private LoRaWAN network configuration section. o § Open Hardware/Modding⠀➾ # ⚓ Tom’s Hardware ☛ Raspberry_Pi_Pico_Powers_Nixie_LCD_Clock⠀⇛ Yakroo is at it again, this time with a Raspberry Pi Pico-powered Nixie LCD clock—complete with a custom PCB. # ⚓ Tom’s Hardware ☛ Raspberry_Pi_Cyberdeck_Uses_Custom_RP2040 Keyboard_and_Mouse_PCB⠀⇛ Ike T. Sanglay Jr. is using a Raspberry Pi to both power and operate his custom-built cyberdeck project. * § Leftovers⠀➾ o ⚓ Ruben Schade ☛ Spelling_misatkes_(cough)⠀⇛ I’m trying to train myself to stop misspelling these words: # acknowlege → acknowledge # discernable → discernible # existance → existence # eshew → eschew # maintanance → maintenance # vaccum → vacuum # vechile → vehicle My success rate thus far is hovering around… 50%? I’m at the point now where I remember both spellings, but forget which one I’m supposed to be using. o ⚓ UNIX Cop ☛ What_is_Web_Security_and_Why_It_Is_Important_for_Your Website? [Ed: Linkspam disguised as article? This is very poorly done SEO stuny.]⠀⇛ Businesses of all kinds are finding it increasingly challenging to protect their customers’ financial and private details as technology advances. o ⚓ Zach_Oglesby:_Change⠀⇛ As the old saying goes, “The only constant in life is change.” My life has been ruled by it, moving around as a kid, life in the military, and the same old stuff we all deal with as we age and grow. For the last 15 years, my wife has been the only constant in my life. We met in Delaware while I was stationed there. We fell in love, got married, and I scooped her away from the only home she had ever known to go live in Spain with me. o § Hardware⠀➾ # ⚓ Tom’s Hardware ☛ Which_Infill_Pattern_Should_You_Use_for_3D Prints?⠀⇛ Improve the quality of your 3D prints by choosing the ideal infill pattern based on your needs. # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Modeling_A_Guitar_For_Circuit_Simulation⠀⇛ Guitar effects have come a long way from the jangly, unaltered sounds of the 1950s when rock and roll started picking up steam. Starting in large part with [Jimi Hendrix] in the 60s, the number of available effects available to guitarists snowballed in the following decades step-by-step with the burgeoning electronics industry. Now, there are tons of effects, from simple analog devices that would have been familiar to [Hendrix] to complex, far-reaching, digital effects available to anyone with a computer. Another thing available to modern guitarists is the ability to model these effects and guitars in circuit simulators, as [Iain] does. # ⚓ Tom’s Hardware ☛ Nvidia_vs_AMD_vs_Intel:_Last_12_Months_of GPUs_Are_Disappointing⠀⇛ With over a dozen new desktop GPUs launched over the past year, we provide a retrospective on how things have played out, both good and bad. Unfortunately, most of the latest generation has been a disappointment. # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ A_Nifty_Tool_For_Counting_Neopixels⠀⇛ Picture it. You’ve got a big roll of NeoPixels, but you have no idea how many are actually on the tape. Or you need to count how many WS2812B LEDs are in a display to properly plan your animations. Fear not, for [Gustavo Laureano] has built the perfect tool for counting the addressable LEDs. o § Health/Nutrition/Agriculture⠀➾ # ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ Moderna_Paid_400_Million_to_NIH⠀⇛ # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Your_Body_Can_Be_‘Younger’_Than_You_Are. Here’s_How_That’s_Possible.⠀⇛ The weird mystery of biological age. # ⚓ Science Alert ☛ Microplastics_Could_Trigger_Inflammation_in Human_Brain_Cells⠀⇛ Bad news for anyone with a brain. o § Proprietary/Artificial Intelligence (AI)⠀➾ # ⚓ Russell Coker ☛ Russell_Coker:_GPT_Systems_and Relationships⠀⇛ Sam_Hartman_wrote_an_interesting_blog_post_about his_work_as_a_sex_and_intimacy_educator_and_how_GPT systems_could_impact_that_[1]. I’ve read some positive reviews of Replika_–_a commercial_system_that_is_somewhat_promoted_as_a counsellor_[2], so I decided to try it out. In my brief trial it seemed to be using all the methods that Android pay to play games are known for. Having multiple types of in-game currency, pay to buy new clothes etc for your friend, etc. Basically it seems pretty horrible. I didn’t pay for it and the erotic and romantic features all require payment so I didn’t test that. # ⚓ New Yorker ☛ Wanda_Sykes_Is_Taking_It_All_In⠀⇛ The actor and comedian on what’s at stake in the writers’ strike, why politics are central to her standup, and how the scene has changed during her thirty-plus-year career. # ⚓ NYPost ☛ Ex-wife_of_slain_Microsoft_exec_makes_surprising legal_move_after_arrest⠀⇛ Shanna Gardner Fernandez, who could get the death penalty if convicted, won’t waive extradition during her first court appearance late Friday afternoon. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ When_Hackers_Descended_to_Test_A.I.,_They Found_Flaws_Aplenty⠀⇛ The hackers had the blessing of the White House and leading A.I. companies, which want to learn about vulnerabilities before those with nefarious intentions do. o § Security⠀➾ # ⚓ Mozilla_VPN:_Security_Flaw_Opens_Door_to_Multiple_Integrity Breaches [Ed: Mozilla_VPN is like Facebook’s notorious VPN, which was spying; and guess what, Mozilla hired loads of people from Facebook to run Mozilla.]⠀⇛ A cybersecurity researcher from SUSE, a Linux distribution manufacturer, has made public a serious security flaw in the Mozilla VPN client for Linux. # ⚓ Security Week ☛ Suspected_N._Korean_Hackers_Target_S. Korea-US_Drills⠀⇛ North Korea-linked “Kimsuky” hackers carried out “continuous malicious email attacks” on contractors working at the war simulation centre. # § Privacy/Surveillance⠀➾ # ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Smart_Doorbell_Focuses_On_Privacy⠀⇛ As handy as having a smart doorbell is, with its ability to remotely see who’s at the front door from anywhere with an Internet connection, the off-the-shelf units are not typically known for keeping user privacy as a top priority. Even if their cloud storage systems were perfectly secure (which is not a wise assumption to make) they have been known to give governmental agencies and police free reign to view the videos whenever they like. Unfortunately if you take privacy seriously, you might need to implement your own smart doorbell yourself. o § Defence/Aggression⠀➾ # ⚓ teleSUR ☛ US_Military_Buildup_in_Mideast_Compromises Regional_Security⠀⇛ Earlier this month, the U.S. Navy’s Bataan Amphibious Ready Group and the 26th Marine Expeditionary Unit arrived in the Middle East. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ U.S.-Japan-South_Korea_Security_Pact Likely_to_Deepen_China’s_Dismay⠀⇛ What its signers, Japan, South Korea and the United States, call deterrence, China characterizes as encirclement, even provocation. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Biden_Welcomes_Japanese_and_South_Korean Leaders_to_Camp_David_Summit⠀⇛ President Biden is hosting the leaders of the two Asian nations to overcome historical grievances and present a united front in the face of an increasingly assertive China. # ⚓ RFA ☛ South_Korea,_Japan_and_US_vow_‘new_era’⠀⇛ At Camp David, the three leaders laud a ‘blossoming’ of ties and pledge annual summits and military exercises. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ North_Korea_slams_UN_human_rights meeting_as_a_US_‘scheme’⠀⇛ China opposed the meeting of the council on abuses in North Korea, but it did not attempt to block it. # ⚓ Atlantic Council ☛ Biases_blind_us_to_the_risk_of_Chinese military_intervention_in_Korea⠀⇛ This paper examines the historical record of cognitive biases, focusing on the US intelligence community’s failure to forecast PRC intervention in the Korean War, despite collecting information and evidence indicative of that outcome. # ⚓ France24 ☛ China_launches_military_drills_around_Taiwan_as ‘stern_warning’_after_VP’s_US_visit⠀⇛ China held air and sea drills around Taiwan on Saturday, in what it said was a “stern warning” after the island’s vice president visited the United States. # ⚓ Mint Press News ☛ Documents_Show_Taiwan_Working_With_FBI_to Prosecute_Chinese_Americans,_Intimidate_US_Politicians⠀⇛ Official documents reviewed by MintPress show that the government of Taiwan is attempting to drum up anti-China hostility, intimidate American politicians and is even working with the FBI to spy on Chinese Americans. # ⚓ RFA ☛ Hong_Kongers_flock_to_Taiwan_to_savor_milk_tea_and freedom⠀⇛ Many head for Hong Kong-run or pro-democracy businesses, as Cantonese is increasingly spoken on Taipei’s streets. # ⚓ The Straits Times ☛ China_launches_drills_around_Taiwan_in angry_response_to_V-P_William_Lai’s_US_trip⠀⇛ > Taiwan’s Defence Ministry has strongly condemned the drills. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ China_to_Stage_Military_Exercises_Around Taiwan⠀⇛ The joint air and sea drills, widely expected in response to a presidential candidate’s visit to the United States, so far appear to be relatively limited. # ⚓ RFA ☛ New_airport,_Mekong_port_in_Laos_could_divert_revenue to_China,_officials_say⠀⇛ Murky ‘Golden Triangle’ Special Economic Zone is gambling and tourist hub catering to Chinese. # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Kyrgyz_Government_Signs_Agreement_With Controversial_Chinese_Investor⠀⇛ Kyrgyz Prime Minister Akylbek Japarov signed agreements during a visit to China’s Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region with the Chinese company Tebian Electric Apparatus for the construction of hydropower plants along the Sary-Jaz River and high-voltage powerlines in the country’s northern regions. # ⚓ Tom’s Hardware ☛ Chinese_Export_Restrictions_Lead_to Exploding_Rare_Metal_Prices⠀⇛ According to industry reports, prices for rare metal gallium (Ga) have increased tenfold in less than a month. The price increase follows a supply decrease following the August 1st-imposed export restrictions by China. # ⚓ RFA ☛ To_the_Chinese_diaspora_in_New_Zealand,_China_mutes critics_and_feeds_talking_points⠀⇛ Independent Chinese media outlets go out of business and are replaced with Beijing-friendly voices. # ⚓ NYPost ☛ MMA_champs_offer_to_train_Elon_Musk_for_cage_match —_because_they_hate_Mark_Zuckerberg⠀⇛ “No one likes Zuckerberg because he’s a communist that’s suppressing our speech, and ruining most of our businesses,” Robichaux told The Post. “We feel like he needs his a– beat.” # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Ecuador’s_Election:_What_to_Know⠀⇛ With the country’s attention riveted on violence perpetrated by gangs and drug cartels, the security issue is paramount — and may be decisive. o § Environment⠀➾ # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ How_nightly_marine_light_pollution harms_sea_life,_the_environment_and_Hongkongers⠀⇛ By Steven Chan and Thomas Chan, The Green Earth Marine light pollution caused by bright fishing lights is a growing concern in Hong Kong. It adversely affects the environment, disrupts coastal residents, harms marine life, and poses risks to navigation. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Mexico_Braces_for_Rain_and_Flooding_from Hurricane_Hilary⠀⇛ The torrential rain and flooding that threaten Southern California also menaced Baja California, the western Mexico peninsula that is popular with tourists. # ⚓ Axios ☛ Hilary_to_deliver_all-time_record_rainfall_to_the Southwest_Sunday_into_Monday⠀⇛ Tropical Storm Hilary is bringing the likelihood of “catastrophic_and_life-threatening_flooding” to California Sunday, while prompting unprecedented tropical_storm_warnings for Los Angeles and San Diego. Threat level:The storm is not only dumping two years or more worth of rain in California’s desert areas. It is also bringing tropical rainfall rates, which can be torrential, to areas that have never experienced them and are vulnerable to flash flooding even in more ordinary downpours. # ⚓ Axios ☛ Hurricane_Hilary_may_produce_two_to_three_years’ worth_of_rain_in_California⠀⇛ Hurricane Hilary is speeding up its approach to southern California, prompting unprecedented tropical_storm_warnings for Los Angeles and San Diego, and fears of “catastrophic” flooding, according to the National Hurricane Center. # ⚓ MIT Technology Review ☛ How_a_half-trillion_dollars_is transforming_climate_technology⠀⇛ A half-trillion dollars is starting to work its way through the US economy, remaking climate technology along the way.  One year ago, the Inflation Reduction Act was signed into law, marking the most significant action on climate change to date from the federal government. # § Energy/Transportation⠀➾ # ⚓ Barry Kauler ☛ Milo_Stove:_drilling_the_lid⠀⇛ This is post #4 of the Milo Stove project. Post #3 is here: https://bkhome.org/news/202308/milo-stove- chicken-tin-and-mesh-stand.html The lid of the Milo tin is being re-purposed as the base on which will sit the alcohol burner. As mentioned in post #3, the air inlet is underneath the chicken-tin. Here are the holes drilled in the lid: [...] # ⚓ Axios ☛ Maui_wildfires_spark_new_fears_about_outdated U.S._power_grid⠀⇛ The U.S. power grid is outdated and overtaxed, and it’s only growing more vulnerable under the pressures of soaring demand, extreme_weather_and_climate_change. o § Finance⠀➾ # ⚓ India Times ☛ Delivery_work_not_permanent_career_choice, gig_staffing_segment_sees_half-yearly_churn:_experts⠀⇛ Blue-collar jobs in delivery and logistics are still a stopgap for workers with gig staffing companies recording a churn in recruited partners every 4-5 months, according to experts. Blue collar staffing for delivery and logistics, a relatively new job category, is seen by workers as a stopgap arrangement or means of generating supplementary income, say experts adding that many prefer not to take it up as a permanent career choice citing the “stigma” attached to these roles. # ⚓ Quartz ☛ Long-term_mortgage_rates_in_the_US_hit_a_two- decade_high⠀⇛ There’s more bad news for potential homebuyers in the US, who’re already challenged by a dearth of available homes. The cost of borrowing is shooting up to decade highs. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ China_Faces_a_Crisis_in_Its_Real_Estate Sector⠀⇛ Beijing wanted to cool its housing market, but created a bigger problem, as the fallout from debt- laden developers and sinking sales spreads to the broader economy. # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ Lottery_sales_in_China_soar,_as youth_seek_to_scratch_an_economic_itch_amid_faltering_fiscal forecasts⠀⇛ By Rebecca Bailey with Emily Wang Chinese livestreamer Chen Ying has spent more than 100,000 yuan (around US$14,000) on lottery scratch cards, which she systematically scrapes through on camera for her followers on social media platform Douyin. # ⚓ Quartz ☛ China’s_debt-laden_Evergrande_has_sought bankruptcy_protection_in_the_US⠀⇛ China Evergrande Group, the property giant whose collapse precipitated a real estate sector crisis in the country, has filed for bankruptcy in the US. The company sought protection under chapter 15 of the US bankruptcy code in a Manhattan court on Thursday (Aug. 17) as part of its massive debt restructuring plan. # ⚓ Hong Kong Free Press ☛ Chinese_property_giant_Evergrande files_for_bankruptcy_protection_in_US⠀⇛ Embattled Chinese property giant Evergrande Group filed for bankruptcy protection in the United States on Thursday, court documents showed, a measure that protects its US assets while it attempts to restructure. # ⚓ Atlantic Council ☛ The_Chinese_economy’s_moment_of_macro weakness—in_charts⠀⇛ The Chinese economy is weakening as seen through indicators related to its property and manufacturing sectors, unemployment, inflation, and trade. # ⚓ Reason ☛ Biden_Credits_Falling_Profits_for_Lower_Inflation. Is_Corporate_Greed_Over?⠀⇛ Progressives like Sens. Elizabeth Warren and Bernie Sanders typically blame corporate greed for higher prices. When prices go down, does this mean they should credit corporate benevolence? # ⚓ Atlantic Council ☛ The_Chinese_economy’s_moment_of_macro weakness._In_charts⠀⇛ The Chinese economy is weakening as seen through indicators related to its property and manufacturing sectors, unemployment, inflation, and trade. # ⚓ WhichUK ☛ Which?_Money_podcast:_will_food_prices_come_down soon?⠀⇛ As inflation continues to fall we look at whether the cost of supermarket groceries could follow # ⚓ Federal News Network ☛ Stock_market_today:_Asia_follows Wall_Street_lower_after_Fed’s_notes_dent_hopes_of_rate_hikes ending⠀⇛ Asian stocks have followed Wall Street lower after notes from a U.S. Federal Reserve meeting dented hopes interest rate hikes are finished. Hong Kong and Tokyo lost more than 1%. Shanghai, Seoul and Sydney also retreated. Oil prices declined. Wall Street’s benchmark S&P 500 lost 0.8% after minutes from the Fed’s latest meeting suggested board members are unsure what to do after raising their key lending rate to a two-decade high. Traders had hoped they would decide inflation was under control and last month’s rate hike was the last. Bond yields widened after the Fed notes increased expectations of another possible rate hike. # ⚓ H2 View ☛ Inflation_Reduction_Act_one_year_on⠀⇛ As the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) reaches a milestone on Wednesday (August 16), H2 View weighs up the positives and uncertainties surrounding the landmark legislation. # ⚓ MIT Technology Review ☛ The_Download:_tech’s_ethical congregation,_and_the_Inflation_Reduction_Act’s_anniversary⠀⇛ This is today’s edition of The Download, our weekday newsletter that provides a daily dose of what’s going on in the world of technology. The rise of the tech ethics congregation Just before Christmas last year, a pastor preached a gospel of morals over money to several hundred members of his flock. # ⚓ WhichUK ☛ Inflation_falls_to_6.8%_in_July_2023_–_can_any savings_rate_beat_it?⠀⇛ Rail fare rises to stay below the separate RPI measure of inflation which hit 9% o § AstroTurf/Lobbying/Politics⠀➾ # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Guatemala’s_Anti_Corruption_Crusader_is_on Cusp_of_Presidency⠀⇛ Can an intellectual on an anti-graft crusade win the presidency in a nation sliding toward authoritarianism? Guatemala is about to find out. # ⚓ CS Monitor ☛ ‘Last_bastion_of_democracy’?_Guatemalans_vote in_presidential_runoff.⠀⇛ A surprise presidential runoff candidate, a blatant attack on electoral independence, and the shock waves that could shift the future of democracy in Guatemala. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Texas_Woman_Charged_With_Threatening_to Kill_Judge_in_Trump_Election_Case⠀⇛ Days after the woman called her chambers, Judge Tanya S. Chutkan cautioned the former president about making “inflammatory statements” that could harm the integrity of the case. # § Misinformation/Disinformation/Propaganda⠀➾ # ⚓ RFA ☛ Experts_warn_of_renewed_Chinese_Communist_Party ‘cognitive_warfare’_on_US_campuses⠀⇛ Beijing’s infiltration has morphed into targeting dissent, religious groups and technical know-how o § Censorship/Free Speech⠀➾ # ⚓ Scheerpost ☛ Free_Speech_Gone_on_Twitter?_New_CEO_Pushes Shadowbanning_&_Content_Moderation⠀⇛ # ⚓ Reason ☛ “Sacramento_Black_Lives_Matter_Founder_Settles Libel_Lawsuit_with_Video_Apology”⠀⇛ From Thursday’s story in the Sacramento Bee (Sam Stanton) (link added): More than two years after a Sacramento-area businesswoman was falsely accused of posting racist and hateful comments on the Facebook page for Sacramento’s Black Lives Matter chapter, her lawsuit against BLM Sacramento has been settled with the group’s founder issuing a public apology…. # ⚓ Reason ☛ When_Can_Knowingly/Recklessly_False_Political Statements_by_Lawyers_Lead_to_Discipline?⠀⇛ Generally speaking, the law can’t punish false statements about the government—even knowing lies—on the grounds that they damage the government’s reputation. # ⚓ Reason ☛ No_Sealing_of_Plaintiff’s_Expunged_Court_Records That_Are_Central_to_Plaintiff’s_Libel_Claim⠀⇛ “[T]he fate of Plaintiff’s claims hinges to some extent on the truth or falsity of Defendant’s statements regarding Plaintiff’s conviction of a crime. Whether Defendant’s statements are false—a determination that relies at least in part on Plaintiff’s criminal records—is directly relevant to the public.” # ⚓ Reason ☛ Illinois_Court_Rejects_Claim_for_Group_Libel_of Poles_Living_During_World_War_II_Era⠀⇛ People may be able to successfully sue based on allegedly false and defamatory statements about themselves, or about very small groups of people that include themselves—but not based on statements about whole countries or ethnic groups. # ⚓ Reason ☛ Fifth_Circuit_Affirms_Just_Hours_After_Oral Argument:_Criminal_Libel_Arrest_for_Criticizing_Police Officer_…⠀⇛ was unconstitutional. o § Civil Rights/Policing⠀➾ # ⚓ RFERL ☛ Pakistan_Arrests_Prominent_Rights_Activist,_Pashtun Leader⠀⇛ Prominent Pakistani human rights activist Imaan Zainab Mazari was detained in Islamabad on August 20, purportedly in connection with a speech she delivered two days earlier in which she sharply criticized the military. # ⚓ TwinCities Pioneer Press ☛ Leonard_Greene:_‘I_Have_a_Dream’ was_the_most_important_speech_at_the_March._This_was_a_close second.⠀⇛ MLK lieutenant Clarence Jones says he’s still drawn to the words of a German-born rabbi. o § Internet Policy/Net Neutrality⠀➾ # ⚓ New Yorker ☛ The_Inner_Life_of_an_Internet_Companion_in “It’s_What_Each_Person_Needs”⠀⇛ Sophy Romvari’s film follows a young woman who works online, sometimes stripping, sometimes singing, always involved in the performance of self. o § Monopolies⠀➾ # ⚓ Quartz ☛ Intel_called_off_the_$5.4_billion_Tower_deal_after failing_to_secure_approval_from_Chinese_regulators⠀⇛ Intel has terminated its plans to acquire Israeli chip maker Tower Semiconductor after both companies failed to get timely regulatory approvals from Chinese authorities. # ⚓ Silicon Angle ☛ Intel_scraps_its_$5.4B_acquisition_of_Tower Semiconductor⠀⇛ Intel Corp. today scrapped its plan to acquire specialty chipmaker Tower Semiconductor Ltd. for $5.4 billion. Under the terms of the acquisition, which the companies announced last February, Intel had until Tuesday midnight PDT to close the transaction. It reportedly missed the deadline after failing to secure regulatory approval in China. # ⚓ New York Times ☛ Intel_Acquisition_of_Tower_Semiconductor Is_Scuttled_by_China⠀⇛ Intel calls off its planned acquisition of Tower Semiconductor, an Israeli chip maker, after waiting in vain for 18 months for a review by Chinese regulators. # ⚓ Tom’s Hardware ☛ China_Ramps_Multi-Chiplet_Efforts_with Industry_Heavyweights⠀⇛ Huawei, JCET, Verisilicon, NationalChip, and Tongfu can support Chinese chiplet efforts. ╘══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╛ ¶ Lines in total: 5317 ➮ Generation completed at 02:45, i.e. 142 seconds to (re)generate ⟲